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最简单的基于DirectShow的示例文章列表:
最简单的基于DirectShow的示例:视频播放器
最简单的基于DirectShow的示例:视频播放器图形界面版
最简单的基于DirectShow的示例:视频播放器自定义版
最简单的基于DirectShow的示例:获取Filter信息
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本文记录一个简单的基于DirectShow的自定义的视频播放器。这里所说的“自定义播放器”,实际上指的是自己在Filter Graph中手动逐个添加Filter,并且连接这些Filter的后运行的播放器。这么做相对于使用RenderFile()这种“智能”创建Filter Graph的方法来说要复杂不少,但是可以让我们更加了解DirectShow的体系。
最简单的基于DirectShow的自定义的视频播放器的流程如下图所示。
该流程图中包含如下变量:IGraphBuilder *pGraph:继承自IFilterGraph,用于构建Filter Graph。该流程图大体上可以分成以下步骤:
IMediaControl *pControl:提供和播放控制有关的一些接口。
IMediaEvent *pEvent:用来处理Filter Graph发出的事件。
IBaseFilter *pF_source:源Filter。
IFileSourceFilter* pFileSource:源Filter的暴露的接口,用于设置输入文件的路径。
IBaseFilter *pF_demuxer:解复用Filter。
IBaseFilter *pF_decoder:解码Filter。
IBaseFilter *pF_render:渲染Filter。
IPin *pOut:输出Pin。
IPin *pIn:输入Pin。
IPin **pPin:内部变量Pin。
a) CoInitialize():初始化COM运行环境。(2) 添加Source Filter
b) CoCreateInstance(…,pGraph):用指定的类标识符创建一个Com对象。在这里创建IGraphBuilder。
c) pGraph->QueryInterface(…,pControl):通过QueryInterface()查询某个组件是否支持某个特定的接口。在这里查询IMediaControl接口。
d) pGraph->QueryInterface(…,pEvent):同上。在这里查询IMediaEvent接口。
a) CoCreateInstance(…,pF_source):创建Source Filter。(3) 添加Demuxer Filter
b) pGraph->AddFilter(pF_source,…):将Source Filter加入Filter Graph。
c) pF_source->QueryInterface(…,pFileSource):查找Source Filter的IFileSourceFilter接口。
d) pFileSource->Load(L"xxx.mpg",pF_source):调用IFileSourceFilter的Load()方法加载视频文件。
a) CoCreateInstance(…,pF_demuxer):创建Demuxer Filter。(4) 添加Decoder Filter
b) pGraph->AddFilter(pF_demuxer,…):将Demuxer Filter加入Filter Graph。
a) CoCreateInstance(…,pF_decoder):创建Decoder Filter。(5) 添加Render Filter
b) pGraph->AddFilter(pF_decoder,…):将Decoder Filter加入Filter Graph。
a) CoCreateInstance(…,pF_render):创建Render Filter。(6) 连接Source Filter和Demuxer Filter
b) pGraph->AddFilter(pF_render,…):将Render Filter加入Filter Graph。
a) 调用get_unconnected_pin()从源Filter中选择一个没有链接的输出Pin。get_unconnected_pin()的执行步骤如下:
b) 调用get_unconnected_pin()从目的Filter中选择一个没有链接的输入Pin。
c) 连接这两个Pin
a) 枚举Filter上的Pin。(7) 连接Demuxer Filter和Decoder Filter
b) 遍历这些Pin,查找符合输出方向(通过IPin的QueryDirection()方法),而且没有在使用的Pin(通过IPin的ConnectedTo()方法)。
pControl->Run():开始运行Filter Graph中的所有Filter。
pEvent->WaitForCompletion():等待Filter Graph处理完所有数据。
上述步骤可以理解为在GraphEdit软件中分别按照步骤添加以下控件。其中(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)为先添加的4个Filter,(5)、(6)、(7)为Filter之间的连接线。
/** * 最简单的基于DirectShow的视频播放器(Custom) * Simplest DirectShow Player (Custom) * * 雷霄骅 Lei Xiaohua * [email protected] * 中国传媒大学/数字电视技术 * Communication University of China / Digital TV Technology * http://blog.csdn.net/leixiaohua1020 * * 本程序是一个简单的基于DirectShow的视频播放器。该播放器通过逐个添加 * 滤镜并连接这些滤镜实现了视频的播放。适合初学者学习DirectShow。 * * This software is a simple video player based on DirectShow. * It Add DirectShow Filter Manually and Link the Pins of these filters * to play videos.Suitable for the beginner of DirectShow. */ #include "stdafx.h" #include <dshow.h> //'1':Add filters manually //'0':Add filters automatically #define ADD_MANUAL 1 //Find unconnect pins HRESULT get_unconnected_pin( IBaseFilter *pFilter, // Pointer to the filter. PIN_DIRECTION PinDir, // Direction of the pin to find. IPin **ppPin) // Receives a pointer to the pin. { *ppPin = 0; IEnumPins *pEnum = 0; IPin *pPin = 0; HRESULT hr = pFilter->EnumPins(&pEnum); if (FAILED(hr)) { return hr; } while (pEnum->Next(1, &pPin, NULL) == S_OK) { PIN_DIRECTION ThisPinDir; pPin->QueryDirection(&ThisPinDir); if (ThisPinDir == PinDir) { IPin *pTmp = 0; hr = pPin->ConnectedTo(&pTmp); if (SUCCEEDED(hr)) // Already connected, not the pin we want. { pTmp->Release(); } else // Unconnected, the pin we want. { pEnum->Release(); *ppPin = pPin; return S_OK; } } pPin->Release(); } pEnum->Release(); // Did not find a matching pin. return E_FAIL; } //Connect 2 filters HRESULT connect_filters( IGraphBuilder *pGraph, IBaseFilter *pSrc, IBaseFilter *pDest) { if ((pGraph == NULL) || (pSrc == NULL) || (pDest == NULL)) { return E_POINTER; } //Find Output pin in source filter IPin *pOut = 0; HRESULT hr = NULL; hr=get_unconnected_pin(pSrc, PINDIR_OUTPUT, &pOut); if (FAILED(hr)){ return hr; } //Find Input pin in destination filter IPin *pIn = 0; hr = get_unconnected_pin(pDest, PINDIR_INPUT, &pIn); if (FAILED(hr)){ return hr; } //Connnect them hr = pGraph->Connect(pOut, pIn); pIn->Release(); pOut->Release(); return hr; } int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]) { IGraphBuilder *pGraph = NULL; IMediaControl *pControl = NULL; IMediaEvent *pEvent = NULL; // Init COM HRESULT hr = CoInitialize(NULL); if (FAILED(hr)){ printf("Error - Can't init COM."); return -1; } // Create FilterGraph hr=CoCreateInstance(CLSID_FilterGraph, NULL,CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,IID_IGraphBuilder, (void **)&pGraph); if (FAILED(hr)){ printf("Error - Can't create Filter Graph."); return -1; } // Query Interface hr = pGraph->QueryInterface(IID_IMediaControl, (void **)&pControl); hr = pGraph->QueryInterface(IID_IMediaEvent, (void **)&pEvent); //1. Add Filters======================= //Source IBaseFilter *pF_source = 0; hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_AsyncReader, 0, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,IID_IBaseFilter, (void**)(&pF_source)); if (FAILED(hr)){ printf("Failed to create File Source.\n"); return -1; } hr = pGraph->AddFilter(pF_source, L"Lei's Source"); if (FAILED(hr)){ printf("Failed to add File Source to Filter Graph.\n"); return -1; } IFileSourceFilter* pFileSource; pF_source->QueryInterface(IID_IFileSourceFilter, (void**)&pFileSource); pFileSource->Load(L"cuc_ieschool.mpg", NULL); pFileSource->Release(); #if ADD_MANUAL //Demuxer IBaseFilter *pF_demuxer = 0; hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_MPEG1Splitter, 0, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,IID_IBaseFilter, (void**)(&pF_demuxer)); if (FAILED(hr)){ printf("Failed to create Demuxer.\n"); return -1; } hr = pGraph->AddFilter(pF_demuxer, L"Lei's Demuxer"); if (FAILED(hr)){ printf("Failed to add Demuxer to Filter Graph.\n"); return -1; } //Decoder IBaseFilter *pF_decoder = 0; hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_CMpegVideoCodec, 0, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,IID_IBaseFilter, (void**)(&pF_decoder)); if (FAILED(hr)){ printf("Failed to create Decoder.\n"); return -1; } hr = pGraph->AddFilter(pF_decoder, L"Lei's Decoder"); if (FAILED(hr)){ printf("Failed to add Decoder to Filter Graph.\n"); return -1; } //Render IBaseFilter *pF_render = 0; hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_VideoRenderer, 0, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,IID_IBaseFilter, (void**)(&pF_render)); if (FAILED(hr)){ printf("Failed to create Video Render.\n"); return -1; } hr = pGraph->AddFilter(pF_render, L"Lei's Render"); if (FAILED(hr)){ printf("Failed to add Video Render to Filter Graph.\n"); return -1; } //2. Connect Filters======================= hr = connect_filters(pGraph, pF_source, pF_demuxer); if (FAILED(hr)){ printf("Failed to link Source and Demuxer.\n"); return -1; } hr = connect_filters(pGraph, pF_demuxer, pF_decoder); if (FAILED(hr)){ printf("Failed to link Demuxer and Decoder.\n"); return -1; } hr = connect_filters(pGraph, pF_decoder, pF_render); if (FAILED(hr)){ printf("Failed to link Decoder and Render.\n"); return -1; } pF_source->Release(); pF_demuxer->Release(); pF_decoder->Release(); pF_render->Release(); #else IPin* Pin; ULONG fetched; // get output pin IEnumPins* pEnumPins; hr = pF_source->EnumPins(&pEnumPins); hr = pEnumPins->Reset(); hr = pEnumPins->Next(1, &Pin, &fetched); pEnumPins->Release(); // render pin, graph builder automatically complete rest works hr = pGraph->Render(Pin); #endif if (SUCCEEDED(hr)){ // Run hr = pControl->Run(); if (SUCCEEDED(hr)){ long evCode=0; pEvent->WaitForCompletion(INFINITE, &evCode); } } //Release pControl->Release(); pEvent->Release(); pGraph->Release(); CoUninitialize(); return 0; }
程序的运行结果如下图所示。运行后会播放“cuc_ieschool.mpg”文件。需要注意的是,本程序并没有加入音频解码和播放的Filter,所以播放视频的时候是没有声音的。
除了手动一个一个添加Filter之外,也可以在获得“源”Filter的Pin之后,直接调用IFilterGraph的Render()方法“智能”自动构建Filter Graph。注意Render()方法和RenderFile()方法是不一样的。RenderFile()是指定一个文件路径后,自动构建整个Filter Graph,相对来说更加简单些;而Render()方法则是首先要创建一个Source Filter之后,才可以自动构建整个Filter Graph。//'1':Add filters manually //'0':Add filters automatically #define ADD_MANUAL 1
项目主页
SourceForge:https://sourceforge.net/projects/simplestdirectshowexample/
Github:https://github.com/leixiaohua1020/simplest_directshow_example
开源中国:http://git.oschina.net/leixiaohua1020/simplest_directshow_example