Managed c++与c++\CLI的区别(实例)

Managed c++与c++\CLI的区别(实例)

1 Managed c++ (使用vs2002,2003,建立visual c++下的console application(.net ) project,project还有各种类型)
   注: 此时的project setting里一定是 :using Managed Extenstions ->Yes

简单实例

# using   < mscorlib.dll >
using   namespace  System;

__gc  class  G 
{
public:
    int k;
    int sum(int);
} ;

G::sum( int  i)  {return i*(i + 1)/2;}

int  main()
{
    G * g = new G;
    Console::WriteLine(g->sum(4)); // 结果输出10
    return 0;
}

 
接口实例

# using   < mscorlib.dll >
using   namespace  System;

__gc __interface Ibase1  {
    int f(int);
} ;
__gc __interface Ibase2  {
    int f(int);
} ;
__gc  struct  C: Ibase1, Ibase2  {
    int f(int i) { // 接口方法的实现
        return 2*i-1;
    };
} ;

int  main( void ) {
    C* c = new C;
    Console::WriteLine((c -> f(1)).ToString()); // 输出结果为1
    Console::WriteLine((__try_cast (c)->f(2)).ToString()); 
    // 输出结果为3

    Console::WriteLine((__try_cast (c)->f(3)).ToString());
    // 输出结果为5

    return 0;
}

property实例:

# using   < mscorlib.dll >
using   namespace  System;

__gc  class  G  {
public:
    __property int get_Size() {
        Console::WriteLine(S"get_属性");
        return nSize;
    };
    __property void set_Size(int i) { 
        Console::WriteLine(S"set_属性");
        nSize = i;
    };
private:
    int nSize;
} ;

int  main()  {
    G * pG = new G;
    pG->Size = 10; // 调用set_Size
    int i = pG->Size; // 调用get_Size
    Console::WriteLine(i);
}  

　　 // 程序结果为：

      //  　　　set_属性

         //  　　　get_属性

         //     　　　10

代理实例:

# using   < mscorlib.dll >
using   namespace  System;

__delegate  int  GetDayOfWeek();  //  委派方法的声明
__gc  class  MyCalendar
{
public:
    MyCalendar() : m_nDayOfWeek(4) {}
    int MyGetDayOfWeek() {
        Console::WriteLine("非静态方法"); 
        return m_nDayOfWeek; 
    }
    static int MyStaticGetDayOfWeek() { 
        Console::WriteLine("静态方法"); 
        return 6; 
    }
private:
    int m_nDayOfWeek;
} ;

int  main( void )
{
    GetDayOfWeek * pGetDayOfWeek; // 声明委派类型变量
    int nDayOfWeek;

    // 将类的静态方法MyStaticGetDayOfWeek绑定成委派
    pGetDayOfWeek = new GetDayOfWeek(0, &MyCalendar::MyStaticGetDayOfWeek);
    nDayOfWeek = pGetDayOfWeek->Invoke(); // 委派的调用
    Console::WriteLine(nDayOfWeek);

    // 将一个类的实例绑定成委派
    MyCalendar * pcal = new MyCalendar();
    pGetDayOfWeek = 
        static_cast(Delegate::Combine(pGetDayOfWeek,
        new GetDayOfWeek(pcal, &MyCalendar::MyGetDayOfWeek)));
    nDayOfWeek = pGetDayOfWeek->Invoke();
    Console::WriteLine(nDayOfWeek);

    // 删除绑定委派的类实例
    pGetDayOfWeek = 
        static_cast(Delegate::Remove(pGetDayOfWeek,
        new GetDayOfWeek(pcal, &MyCalendar::MyGetDayOfWeek)));

    return 0;
}  

　 /**/ /*　输出结果是：

      　　　静态方法
         　　
         　　　6

            　　　静态方法

               　　　非静态方法

                  　　　4*/

2 c++\CLI (使用vs2005 ,之前的版本不支持,建立visual c++下的CLR Console Application ,当然还有其他的类型可选,比如CLR empty ...^_^,)
  注:此时project setting 中common language runtime support : Common Language Runtime Support (/clr) ,此时的project中已经ref system....DLL,所以不用想上面那样#using <mscordll>

简单实例

#include  " stdafx.h "
using   namespace  System;

int  main(array < System::String  ^>   ^ args)
{
    String^ str = gcnew String("Hello World");
    Object^ o1 = gcnew Object();
    Console::WriteLine(str);
    return 0;
}

interface 实例

using   namespace  System;

interface   class  IDog
{
    void Bark();
} ;

ref   class  Dog : IDog
{
public:
    void Bark()
    {
        Console::WriteLine("Bow wow wow");
    }
} ;

void  _tmain()
{
    Dog^ d = gcnew Dog();
    d->Bark();
}

property实例

ref   class  Base
{
public:
    ref struct SBaseData
    {
    public:
        SBaseData()
        {
            x = 10;
        }
        SBaseData(int n)
        {
            x = n;
        }
        int x;        
    };
private:
    SBaseData^ _bd;
public:
    Base()
    {
        _bd = gcnew SBaseData();
    }
    virtual property SBaseData^ Data
    {
        SBaseData^ get()
        {
            return _bd;
        }
        void set(SBaseData^ val)
        {
            _bd->x = val->x;
        }
    }
} ;
ref   class  Derived : Base
     {
    public:
        ref struct SDerivedData : Base::SBaseData
        {
        public:
            SDerivedData(int n1, int n2) : SBaseData(n1)
            {
                y = n2;
            }
            SDerivedData() : SBaseData()
            {
                y = 100;
            }
            int y;        
        };
    private:
        SDerivedData^ _bd;
    public:
        Derived()
        {
            _bd = gcnew SDerivedData();
        }

        virtual property SBaseData^ Data
        {
            SBaseData^ get() override //= Base::Data::get
            {
                return _bd;
            }
            void set(SBaseData^ val) override //= Base::Data::set
            {
                try
                {
                    _bd->x = val->x;
                    _bd->y = safe_cast<SDerivedData^>(val)->y;
                }
                catch(System::InvalidCastException ^)
                {
                    //log an error
                }
            }
        }
        virtual property SDerivedData^ SData
        {
            SDerivedData^ get()  
            {
                return _bd;
            }
            void set(SDerivedData^ val) 
            {
            
                _bd->x = val->x;
                _bd->y = val->y;
                            
            }
        }
    } ;
int  main(array < System::String  ^>   ^ args)

{
    Derived^ d = gcnew Derived;
    //Base^ d = gcnew Derived;   // error , y is not a member of Base class
    int num = d->Data->x;
    int num2 = d->SData->y;
    System::Console::WriteLine(num);
    System::Console::WriteLine(num2);
    return 0;
}

index实例

using   namespace  System;
using   namespace  System::Collections;
ref   class  R
{
private:
    Hashtable^ h;
public:
    R()
    {
        h = gcnew Hashtable();
    }

    //Named property
    property int Age[String^]
    {
    protected:
        int get(String^ s)
        {
            if(h->ContainsKey(s))
            {
                for each(DictionaryEntry de in h)
                {
                    if(s->CompareTo(de.Key) == 0)
                        return (int)de.Value;
                }
            }
            return 0;
        }    

        void set(String^ s, int age)
        {
            h->Add(s,age);
        }
    }

    //Default property
    property int default[String^]
    {
        int get(String^ s)
        {
            return Age[s];
        }

        void set(String^ s, int age)
        {
            Age[s] = age;
        }
    }    
} ;

int  main(array < System::String  ^>   ^ args)

{
    R^ r = gcnew R();

    r["Nish"] = 27;
    r["Smitha"] = 15;
    r["Chris"] = 21;
    r["Don"] = 87;

    Console::WriteLine(r["Nish"]);
    Console::WriteLine(r["George"]);
    Console::WriteLine(r["Smitha"]);
    Console::WriteLine(r["Don"]);
    Console::WriteLine(r["Bert"]);
    return 0;