名词性从句(1)——同位语从句(1)

同位语从句的构成方式

例,I know the man, the president of that school.
同位语从句:对前面名词进一步的解释。

英语中的简单句:陈述句、一般疑问句、特殊疑问句

例,
He is a student.
Are you a student?
Who is a student?

同位语中的关系词不再和前面的先行词有关,而取决于后面的从句。

例,
I know the fact.
He is a student.
↔I know the fact that he is a student.

例,
I have a question.
Are you a student?
↔I have a question whether you are a student.

例,
I have a question.
Who is a student?
↔I have a question who is a student.

从句仍然接在名词之后,名词有可能为answer,belief,concept,explanation,fact,hope,message,news,promise,prove,question,thought等。后面可以接同位语从句。

形式:名词+从句,连接词取决于后面的从句是什么样的形式。
如果是陈述句,直接加that引导。
如果是一般疑问句,先把一般疑问句变成陈述句语序,然后在前加上whether或if。
如果是特殊疑问句,直接保留特殊疑问句,后面句子变为陈述句语序。

 

将下来两句话合并,改为同位语从句
The news soon spread the whole school.
They had won the game.

The news that they had won the game soon spread the whole school.

 

同位语从句和定语从句的区别:

同位语从句和定语从句的形式非常相似,两者最大的区别在于同位语从句的功能是对前面的名词做进一步的解释,定语从句的功能是对前面的名词进行修饰和限定。

通过先行词,对同位语从句和定语从句进行区分:
①如果关系词为whether,how,what一定是同位语从句。
②如果名词前的关系词为when,where,why,且when前面的名词是时间,where前面的是地点,why前面的名词是原因,那么一定是定语从句。若不是则为同位语从句。
③如果关系词为which,则通过中文翻译进行区分。若which翻译成“哪一个”,这一定为同位语从句。
④如果关系词为that,则需要对巨资进行成分分析来判定。如果that在句子中充当成分,则是定语从句,否则为同位语从句。

判断下列两句,哪一句为同位语从句,哪一句为定语从句。

①The suggestion that she has given in the morning is good.
②The suggestion that she should stay in the room is good.

①为定语从句;②为同位语从句

 

http://ketang.dict.cn/item/4e577d5bad6120092f0000d2

 

 

 

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