linux下对oracle备份
如题，在linux上装了数据库oracle，需要对数据进行备份。
这个命令其实网上很多，这里就说说怎么打linux命令。
登陆linux后，进入oracle的安装目录下，找到bin那个目录，进入bin目录。 我们可以先看一看这些命令的所有者： ls -l [root@callcenter bin]# [root@callcenter bin]# [root@callcenter bin]# pwd /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin [root@callcenter bin]# [root@callcenter bin]# [root@callcenter bin]# [root@callcenter bin]# ls -l total 215932 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 13093 Oct 20 2005 adapters -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1891 Aug 9 2005 agentok.sh -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 95620 Aug 22 17:23 agtctl -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 agtctlO -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 1542 Aug 22 17:16 aqxmlctl -rw-r-----. 1 oracle oinstall 1542 Aug 22 17:07 aqxmlctl.ouibak -rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 6768 Nov 4 2004 aqxmlctl.pl -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 3099 Apr 5 2005 asmcmd -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 214856 May 21 2005 asmcmdcore -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2434 Aug 22 17:16 bndlchk -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 63821 Mar 11 2008 cfo -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2268 Aug 22 17:17 clscfg -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 716197 Mar 1 2008 clscfg.bin -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2268 Aug 22 17:17 clsfmt -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 701777 Mar 1 2008 clsfmt.bin -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2268 Aug 22 17:17 clsid -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 627625 Mar 1 2008 clsid.bin -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 736 Aug 22 17:17 cluvfy -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 531 Aug 22 17:23 commonenv -rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 82 Oct 15 2004 commonenv.bat.template -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 399 Aug 22 17:14 commonenv.ouibak -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 504 Mar 30 2007 commonenv.template -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2854 Jan 1 2000 coraenv -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2268 Aug 22 17:17 crsctl -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 3493325 Mar 1 2008 crsctl.bin -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 368942 Feb 6 2008 csscan -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Jun 22 2005 csscanO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 570816 Feb 5 2008 ctxkbtc -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 480275 Aug 22 17:22 ctxlc -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 ctxlcO -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 226112 Aug 22 17:22 ctxload -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 ctxloadO -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 33359 Aug 22 17:23 cursize -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 cursizeO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 5595 Aug 22 17:23 dbca -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 5361 Aug 22 17:14 dbca.ouibak -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 11160 Oct 13 2004 DBConsole.pm -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 13237 Aug 22 17:23 dbfsize -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 dbfsizeO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2417 Jan 1 2000 dbhome -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 6582 Jan 1 2000 dbshut -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 14088 Jan 1 2000 dbstart -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 7232 Aug 22 17:17 dbua -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 6000 Aug 22 17:07 dbua.ouibak -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 383311 Aug 22 17:23 dbv -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 dbvO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1348 Aug 22 17:17 deploync -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1348 Aug 22 17:07 deploync.ouibak -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 2284665 Aug 22 17:23 dgmgrl -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 2284665 Aug 22 17:20 dgmgrlO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1201 Aug 22 17:17 dropjava -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 504 Aug 22 17:07 dropjava.ouibak -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 762975 Aug 22 17:23 dsml2ldif -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 314923 Aug 22 17:23 dumpsga -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 dumpsga0 -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 2253608 Aug 22 17:20 e2eme -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 19 2004 e2eme0 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 153 Jun 13 2005 echodo -rwx------. 1 oracle oinstall 67275 Aug 22 17:20 emagent -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 19 2004 emagent0 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 3766 Aug 22 17:23 emagentdeploy.pl -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 19227 Nov 19 2006 EMAgent.pm -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 80358 Aug 22 17:20 emagtm -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 80279 Feb 29 2008 emagtm0 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1714 Aug 22 17:23 emca -rwxr--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 12407 Aug 22 17:23 emctl -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 30831 Aug 22 17:23 EmctlCommon.pm -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 28704 Aug 22 17:14 EmctlCommon.pm.ouibak -rwxr--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 12086 Aug 22 17:14 emctl.ouibak -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 89929 Aug 22 17:23 emctl.pl -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 85908 Aug 22 17:14 emctl.pl.ouibak -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 12432 Jul 20 2006 emctl.template -rwx------. 1 oracle oinstall 119862 Aug 22 17:20 emdctl -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 19 2004 emdctl0 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 21942 Aug 11 2005 EMDeploy.pm -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1226 Jan 12 2004 emdfail.command -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 3944 May 12 2005 emdlctl.template -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 3449 May 12 2005 emdrollogs.pl -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 767 Jan 12 2004 emlfail.command -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2802 May 12 2005 emrepdown.pl -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1693 Jan 12 2004 emrepdown.sh -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1192 Aug 22 17:23 emtgtctl -rwsr-s--x. 1 oracle oinstall 96786 Aug 22 17:20 emtgtctl2 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 12 2005 emtgtctl20 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 889 Aug 22 17:14 emtgtctl.ouibak -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1146 May 9 2007 emtgtctl.template -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 8730 Aug 22 17:23 emutil -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 8730 Aug 22 17:14 emutil.ouibak -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 25232 Jan 12 2004 emwd -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 54634 Apr 24 2007 emwd.pl -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 713618 Aug 22 17:20 exp -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 200603 Aug 22 17:20 expdp -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 expdpO -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 expO -rwsr-x---. 1 root oinstall 58520 Aug 22 17:23 extjob -rwx------. 1 oracle oinstall 58520 Aug 22 17:23 extjobo -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 59988 Mar 11 2008 extjobO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 59988 Mar 11 2008 extjoboO -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 63679 Aug 22 17:23 extproc -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 69653 Aug 22 17:23 extproc32 -rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 30121 Mar 11 2008 extproc32O -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 extprocO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 315 Aug 22 17:07 extusrupgrade -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2950 Aug 22 17:23 fix_4525303.pl -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 656290 Mar 11 2008 fmputl -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 12309 Mar 11 2008 fmputlhp -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 4865 Sep 23 2005 genagtsh -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 9668 Sep 26 2005 genclntsh -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 5146 Jun 23 2005 genclntst -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 66218 Aug 22 17:20 genezi -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 67542 Mar 11 2008 geneziO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 856381 Mar 11 2008 genksms -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2893 Oct 20 2005 gennfgt -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 4902 Mar 2 2008 gennttab -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 3528 Feb 20 2007 genoccish -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 9590 Feb 6 2008 genorasdksh -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2318 Jan 1 2000 gensyslib -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Oct 22 2005 grdcscan -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 723078 Mar 1 2008 gsd -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 4773 Aug 22 17:17 gsdctl -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 4930 Aug 22 17:17 gsd.sh -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2134 Feb 16 2003 helpins -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 184801 Aug 22 17:23 hsalloci -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 hsallociO -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 72973 Aug 22 17:23 hsdepxa -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 hsdepxaO -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 1702229 Aug 22 17:23 hsodbc -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 hsodbcO -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 71669 Aug 22 17:23 hsots -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 hsotsO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 15719 Apr 17 2007 IASConsole.pm -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 356498 Aug 22 17:20 imp -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 205618 Aug 22 17:20 impdp -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 impdpO -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 impO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 3247 Aug 22 17:07 isqlplusctl -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 11083 Aug 22 17:17 isqlplusctl.pl -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 10904 Aug 22 17:07 isqlplusctl.pl.ouibak -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 8130798 Aug 22 17:23 kfod -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Jun 22 2005 kfod0 -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 kfodO -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 434320 Aug 22 17:23 kgmgr -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 434320 Aug 22 17:20 kgmgrO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 3758285 Mar 11 2008 kgpmon lrwxrwxrwx. 1 oracle oinstall 49 Aug 22 17:07 lbuilder -> /oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/nls/lbuilder/lbuilder -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1079375 Feb 7 2008 lcsscan -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 779813 Aug 22 17:23 ldapadd -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 793136 Aug 22 17:23 ldapaddmt -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 707413 Aug 22 17:23 ldapbind -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 707343 Aug 22 17:23 ldapcompare -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 707390 Aug 22 17:23 ldapdelete -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 707170 Aug 22 17:23 ldapmoddn -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 779813 Aug 22 17:23 ldapmodify -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 793136 Aug 22 17:23 ldapmodifymt -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 728995 Aug 22 17:23 ldapsearch -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1867 Aug 22 17:07 ldifmigrator -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1176 Jun 13 2005 linkshlib -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 890211 Feb 7 2008 lmsgen -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1437 Aug 22 17:17 loadjava -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 545 Aug 22 17:07 loadjava.ouibak -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 30029 Aug 22 17:23 loadpsp -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 30029 Aug 22 17:20 loadpspO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 22589 Aug 22 17:17 localconfig -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 102917 Aug 22 17:22 lsnrctl -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 lsnrctl0 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 544765 Feb 7 2008 lxchknlb -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 934744 Feb 7 2008 lxegen -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2656925 Feb 7 2008 lxinst -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 485 Aug 4 2006 makerootca.sh -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 485 Aug 4 2006 makeserverwlt -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 315164 Aug 22 17:23 mapsga -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 mapsga0 -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 12995 Aug 22 17:23 maxmem -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 maxmemO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2214 Aug 22 17:17 mkstore -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2214 Aug 22 17:07 mkstore.ouibak -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 188719 Mar 2 2008 mkwallet -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1347 Aug 22 17:17 ncomp -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1347 Aug 22 17:07 ncomp.ouibak -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 6400 Aug 22 17:17 netca -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 102 Aug 22 17:17 netca_deinst.sh -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 31 2005 netca_inst.sh -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 6401 Aug 22 17:07 netca.ouibak -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 6212 Aug 22 17:17 netmgr -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 6213 Aug 22 17:07 netmgr.ouibak -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 159582 Aug 22 17:23 nid -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 nidO -rwsr-s---. 1 root oinstall 18196 Aug 22 17:11 nmb -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Oct 22 2005 nmb0 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 43626 Feb 29 2008 nmcbufp -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 929164 Aug 22 17:20 nmccollector -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 921293 Feb 29 2008 nmccollector0 -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 100103 Aug 22 17:20 nmei -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 19 2004 nmei0 -rwsr-s---. 1 root oinstall 16212 Aug 22 17:11 nmo -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Oct 22 2005 nmo0 -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 71668 Aug 22 17:20 nmocat -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 19 2004 nmocat0 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 365371 Feb 29 2008 nmuct -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 74772 Aug 22 17:20 nmupm -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 19 2004 nmupm0 -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 76837 Aug 22 17:20 nmus -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 May 19 2004 nmus0 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1684 Aug 22 17:07 oclsmon -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 629312 Oct 20 2005 oclsmon.bin -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2268 Aug 22 17:17 oclsomon -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 640405 Mar 1 2008 oclsomon.bin -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2268 Aug 22 17:17 oclsvmon -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 645572 Mar 1 2008 oclsvmon.bin -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 628942 Aug 22 17:23 ocrcheck -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2268 Aug 22 17:17 ocrcheck0 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 640002 Mar 1 2008 ocrcheck.bin -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 703131 Aug 22 17:23 ocrconfig -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 568 Aug 22 17:17 ocrconfig0 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 714871 Mar 1 2008 ocrconfig.bin -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 658610 Aug 22 17:23 ocrdump -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2268 Aug 22 17:17 ocrdump0 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 670182 Mar 1 2008 ocrdump.bin -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2268 Aug 22 17:17 ocssd -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1482620 Mar 1 2008 ocssd.bin -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 989 Aug 22 17:07 odisrvreg -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2365 Jan 1 2000 oerr -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2008 Aug 22 17:07 oidadmin -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2152 Aug 22 17:07 oidca -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2142 Aug 22 17:16 oidprovtool -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2142 Aug 22 17:07 oidprovtool.ouibak -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 983155 Aug 22 17:23 oifcfg -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 oifcfg0 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1489 Aug 22 17:17 ojvmjava -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 500 Aug 22 17:07 ojvmjava.ouibak -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 9806 Aug 22 17:22 okdstry -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 okdstry0 -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 7456 Aug 22 17:22 okinit -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 okinit0 -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 13059 Aug 22 17:22 oklist -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 oklist0 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1166 Aug 22 17:07 olsadmintool -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1196 Aug 22 17:07 olsoidsync -rwx------. 1 oracle oinstall 3334 Aug 22 17:23 onsctl -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 46 Nov 7 2000 oracg -rwsr-s--x. 1 oracle oinstall 112468034 Aug 22 17:20 oracle -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 oracleO -r-sr-s---. 1 root oinstall 14931 Mar 11 2008 oradism -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 oradismO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2947 Jan 1 2000 oraenv -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 44 Dec 4 2002 orajaxb -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 59 Nov 25 2002 orapipe -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 3176 Aug 22 17:17 orapki -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 3176 Aug 22 17:07 orapki.ouibak -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 21758 Aug 22 17:23 orapwd -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 orapwdO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1816142 Feb 29 2008 oratclsh -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 48 Sep 25 2000 oraxml -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 48 Sep 25 2000 oraxsl -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 7077 Aug 22 17:23 osdbagrp -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 7077 Aug 22 17:23 osdbagrp0 -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 10500 Mar 11 2008 osh -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 917 Aug 22 17:17 ott -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 5396 Aug 22 17:17 owm -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 5396 Aug 22 17:07 owm.ouibak -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 7485806 Aug 22 17:20 proc -rw-r--r--. 1 oracle oinstall 1108 May 23 2005 processDef.pl -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 691 Oct 22 2005 proxyserv -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 53117 Oct 16 2005 proxyserv.bin -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1748 Feb 16 2003 pupbld -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 1105129 Aug 22 17:23 racgeut -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1109589 Mar 1 2008 racgeutO -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 1260548 Aug 22 17:23 racgimon -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 racgimonO -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 1242814 Aug 22 17:23 racgmain -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1245738 Mar 1 2008 racgmainO -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 1151295 Aug 22 17:23 racgmdb -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 racgmdbO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Aug 22 17:07 racgons -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 1828 Aug 22 17:17 racgwrap -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 1333 Aug 22 17:07 racgwrap.ouibak -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1814 Aug 1 2007 racgwrap.sbs -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 129870 Mar 1 2008 rawutl -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 5337 Aug 22 17:17 rconfig -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 5337 Aug 22 17:07 rconfig.ouibak -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 8579 Nov 28 2007 relink -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 6119 Aug 22 17:23 repo_mig -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 6119 Aug 22 17:14 repo_mig.ouibak -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 5959 Sep 25 2004 repo_mig.template -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 12712969 Aug 22 17:20 rman -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 rmanO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1668 Jan 12 2004 runclass -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2175 Aug 26 2005 sAgentUtils.pm -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 125172 Aug 22 17:23 sbttest -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 sbttestO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1608096 Feb 5 2008 schema -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 932 Aug 22 17:07 schemasync -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 734505 Aug 22 17:20 sqlldr -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 sqlldrO -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 7169 Aug 22 17:23 sqlplus -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 sqlplusO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 4547 Aug 22 17:17 srvconfig -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 6226 Aug 22 17:17 srvctl -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 12962 Mar 1 2008 srvmspawn -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 474 Aug 22 17:23 sslsetup -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 34679 Aug 22 17:14 sslsetup.ouibak -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1347 Aug 22 17:17 statusnc -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1347 Aug 22 17:07 statusnc.ouibak -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 3261 Jun 7 2005 symfind -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 22443 Mar 11 2008 sysresv -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 3488 Aug 22 17:23 targetdeploy.pl -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 62774 Aug 22 17:20 tg4pwd -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 tg4pwdO -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 138165 Aug 22 17:20 tkprof -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 tkprofO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Oct 22 2005 tnnfg.dbl -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 443502 Aug 22 17:22 tnslsnr -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 tnslsnr0 -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 13445 Aug 22 17:22 tnsping -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 tnsping0 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 45 Sep 25 2001 transx -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2997 Aug 22 17:17 trcasst -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2998 Aug 22 17:07 trcasst.ouibak -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Oct 22 2005 trcldr -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 21586 Aug 22 17:22 trcroute -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 trcroute0 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2060 Aug 22 17:07 trcsess -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 22198 Aug 22 17:23 tstshm -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 tstshmO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 3124 Aug 22 17:17 umu -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 3124 Aug 22 17:07 umu.ouibak -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 101448 Jan 1 2000 unzip -rwxr-x--x. 1 oracle oinstall 6243095 Aug 22 17:22 wrap -rwxr-x---. 1 oracle oinstall 0 Mar 12 2008 wrapO -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1967294 Feb 5 2008 xml -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 2376548 Feb 5 2008 xmlcg -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 39481 Sep 2 2004 xmlwf -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1867426 Feb 5 2008 xsl -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 762 Jan 12 2004 xsql -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 1798277 Feb 5 2008 xvm -rwxr-xr-x. 1 oracle oinstall 84086 Feb 12 2008 zip [root@callcenter bin]# [root@callcenter bin]# [root@callcenter bin]# 可以看出这些命令属于用户oracle。 要运行这个bin下的oracle命令，需要用oracle用户登陆， 然后切换用户 [root@callcenter bin]# [root@callcenter bin]# [root@callcenter bin]# su - oracle [oracle@callcenter ~]$ [oracle@callcenter ~]$ [oracle@callcenter ~]$ 这时会进入这个用户的主目录/home/oracle，这时可以用oracle的命令了 exp xxx/[email protected]:1521/orcl file=devdb.dmp full=y 由于导出是会有很多信息输出，最后完成后我们在屏幕上可能看不全这些输出信息， 所以可以使用重定向把输出信息写入一个文件。 exp xxx/[email protected]:1521/orcl file=devdb.dmp full=y >explog 2>&1 （注意，命令可能需要运行一段时间，在此期间你看不到输出信息，因为被重定向到文件explog中去了，耐心等命令 运行完）运行命令完成后 [oracle@callcenter ~]$ [oracle@callcenter ~]$ pwd /home/oracle [oracle@callcenter ~]$ [oracle@callcenter ~]$ [oracle@callcenter ~]$ [oracle@callcenter ~]$ ls 10201_database_linux_x86_64.cpio Disk1 database devdb.dmp explog [oracle@callcenter ~]$ [oracle@callcenter ~]$ 这次导出日志文件很长，有2000多行，也有一些错误提示信息，这里就只贴出开始和结尾几行： Export: Release 10.2.0.4.0 - Production on Fri Nov 7 14:37:11 2014 Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle. All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Export done in ZHS16GBK character set and AL16UTF16 NCHAR character set server uses AL32UTF8 character set (possible charset conversion) About to export the entire database ... . exporting tablespace definitions . exporting profiles . exporting user definitions . exporting roles . exporting resource costs 省略 EXP-00091: Exporting questionable statistics. . . exporting table TB_ZJ_SETTINGGRADE 23 rows exported EXP-00091: Exporting questionable statistics. EXP-00091: Exporting questionable statistics. EXP-00091: Exporting questionable statistics. . . exporting table X_SEQ 7 rows exported EXP-00091: Exporting questionable statistics. EXP-00091: Exporting questionable statistics. . exporting synonyms . exporting views . exporting referential integrity constraints . exporting stored procedures . exporting operators . exporting indextypes . exporting bitmap, functional and extensible indexes . exporting posttables actions . exporting triggers . exporting materialized views . exporting snapshot logs . exporting job queues . exporting refresh groups and children . exporting dimensions . exporting post-schema procedural objects and actions . exporting user history table . exporting default and system auditing options . exporting statistics Export terminated successfully with warnings.