14天学会安卓开发(第十天)Android网络与通讯

14天学会安卓开发   作者:神秘的N (英文名  corder_raine) 联系方式:369428455(反馈) 交流群 :284552167(示例,原文档下载)

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目录             

第十天.Android网络与通信... 100

10.1  Android网络通讯介绍... 100

10.1.1 网络通讯技术... 100

10.2  Java.net 101

10.2.2主Activity. 101

10.2.3 直接获取数据... 102

10.2.4 以Get方式上传参数... 103

10.2.5 以Post方式上传参数... 103

10.3  ApacheHttpClient 105

10.3.1 使用HttpClient:主Activity. 105

10.3.2 HttpClient:HttpGet 106

10.3.3 HttpClient:HttpPost 107

10.4  装载并显示Web网页... 108

10.4.1 用线程刷新网页显示... 108

10.4.2 装载网页并显示... 109

10.5  Socket编程复习... 110

第十天.Android网络与通信
10.1 Android网络通讯介绍
    10.1.1 网络通讯技术

Ø   Java.net

Ø   Apache HttpClient

Ø   Socket技术

Ø   装载网页

Ø   WiFi技术

Ø   Bluetooth蓝牙

10.2 Java.net
10.2.2主Activity

public class Activity01 extendsActivity{
       publicvoid onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
              super .onCreate(savedInstanceState);
              setContentView(R.layout.main)
              Buttonbutton_http = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button_HTTP);
              /*监听button的事件信息 */
              button_http.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {
                     publicvoid onClick(View v){
                     /*新建一个Intent对象 */
                     Intentintent = new Intent();
                     /*指定intent要启动的类 */
                     intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity02.class);
                     /*启动一个新的Activity*/
                     startActivity(intent);
                     /*关闭当前的Activity*/
                     Activity01. this .finish();
                     }
              });

**   Activity02是直接获取数据的demo!

Button button_Get = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Get);
              /*监听button的事件信息 */
              button_Get.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {
                     publicvoid onClick(View v)
                     {
                            /*新建一个Intent对象 */
                            Intentintent = new Intent();
                            /*指定intent要启动的类 */
                            intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity03.class);
                            /*启动一个新的Activity*/
                            startActivity(intent);
                            /*关闭当前的Activity*/
                            Activity01. this .finish();
                     }
              });

**   Activity03是以Get方式上传参数的demo!

Button button_Post = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Post);
              /*监听button的事件信息 */
              button_Post.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {
                     publicvoid onClick(View v)
                     {
                            /*新建一个Intent对象 */
                            Intentintent = new Intent();
                            /*指定intent要启动的类 */
                            intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity04.class);
                            /*启动一个新的Activity*/
                            startActivity(intent);
                            /*关闭当前的Activity*/
                            Activity01. this .finish();
                     }
              });
       }
} //结束Activity1类

**   Activity04是以Post方式上传参数的demo!

10.2.3 直接获取数据

//http地址
String httpUrl = "http://serverip:8080/AndroidAppServer/index.jsp" ;
//获得的数据
String resultData = "" ; URLurl = null ;
//构造一个URL对象
url = new URL(httpUrl);
       //使用HttpURLConnection打开连接
HttpURLConnection urlConn =(HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
//得到读取的内容(流)
InputStreamReader in = newInputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream());
// 为输出创建BufferedReader
BufferedReader buffer = newBufferedReader(in);
String inputLine = null ;
//使用循环来读取获得的数据
while (((inputLine = buffer.readLine())!= null )){
       resultData+= inputLine + "" ;
}

**   研究HttpURLConnectionDemo工程(Activity02.java)

**  serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1  

10.2.4 以Get方式上传参数

String httpUrl = "http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp?par=abcdefg" ;
       URLurl = new URL(httpUrl);
       //使用HttpURLConnection打开连接
       HttpURLConnectionurlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
       //得到读取的内容(流)
       InputStreamReaderin = new InputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream());
       //为输出创建BufferedReader
       BufferedReaderbuffer = new BufferedReader(in);
       StringinputLine = null ;
       //使用循环来读取获得的数据
       while (((inputLine = buffer.readLine()) != null )){ resultData += inputLine + "" ; }
       //关闭InputStreamReader
       in.close();
       //关闭http连接
       urlConn.disconnect();

**   研究HttpURLConnectionDemo工程(Activity03.java)

**  serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1

10.2.5 以Post方式上传参数

String httpUrl = "http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp" ;
URL url = new URL(httpUrl);
HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
//因为这个是post请求,设立需要设置为true
urlConn.setDoOutput( true );urlConn.setDoInput( true );
urlConn.setRequestMethod( "POST" );          // 设置以POST方式
urlConn.setUseCaches( false );                   // Post 请求不能使用缓存
urlConn.setInstanceFollowRedirects( true );
urlConn.setRequestProperty( "Content-Type" , "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" );
urlConn.connect();
DataOutputStream out = newDataOutputStream(urlConn.getOutputStream());
String content = "par=" +URLEncoder.encode( "ABCDEFG" , "gb2312" ); //要上传的参数
out.writeBytes(content);                   //将要上传的内容写入流中
out.flush();        out.close();
//获取数据
BufferedReader reader = newBufferedReader( new InputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream()));
String inputLine = null ;
while (((inputLine = reader.readLine())!= null )){resultData += inputLine + "" ;}
       reader.close();urlConn.disconnect();

**   研究HttpURLConnectionDemo工程(Activity03.java)

**  serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1               

main.xml

< LinearLayout
        xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
        android:orientation = "vertical"
        android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
        android:layout_height = "fill_parent" >
        < TextView
                android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
                android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
                android:text = "通过下面的按钮进行不同方式的连接" />
        < Button
                android:id = "@+id/Button_HTTP"
                android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
                android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
                android:text = "直接获取数据" />
        < Button
                android:id = "@+id/Button_Get"
                android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
                android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
                android:text = "以GET方式传递数据" />
        < Button
                android:id = "@+id/Button_Post"
                android:layout_width = "fill_parent"
                android:layout_height = "wrap_content"
                android:text = "以POST方式传递数据" />
</ LinearLayout >

AndroidManifest.xml

< manifest xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package = "com.lxt008"
      android:versionCode = "1"
      android:versionName = "1.0" >
    < application android:icon = "@drawable/icon" android:label = "@string/app_name" >
        < activity android:name = ".Activity01"
                  android:label = "@string/app_name" >
            < intent-filter >
                < action android:name = "android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                < category android:name = "android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </ intent-filter >
        </ activity >
                < activity android:name = "Activity02" ></ activity >
                < activity android:name = "Activity03" ></ activity >
                < activity android:name = "Activity04" ></ activity >
    </ application >
        < uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.INTERNET" />
    < uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion=“7" />
</ manifest >

10.3 ApacheHttpClient   
   10.3.1 使用HttpClient:主Activity

Button button_Get = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Get);
button_Get.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {
       publicvoid onClick(View v){
              Intentintent = new Intent(); /* 新建一个Intent对象 */
              /*指定intent要启动的类 */
              intent.setClass(Activity01.this,Activity02.class);
              startActivity(intent);/* 启动一个新的Activity*/                      Activity01.this.finish();/* 关闭当前的Activity*/ }
              });

Button button_Post = (Button)findViewById(R.id.Button_Post);
button_Post.setOnClickListener(newButton.OnClickListener() {
       publicvoid onClick(View v){
              Intentintent = new Intent();
              /*指定intent要启动的类 */
              intent.setClass(Activity01. this ,Activity03. class );
              startActivity(intent);                                      Activity01. this .finish();}
              });
       }

**   研究ApacheHttpClientDemo工程(Activity01.java)

**  serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1

10.3.2 HttpClient:HttpGet

String httpUrl = "http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp?par=HttpClient_android_Get" ;
//HttpGet连接对象
HttpGet httpRequest = newHttpGet(httpUrl);
//取得HttpClient对象
HttpClient httpclient = newDefaultHttpClient();
//请求HttpClient，取得HttpResponse
HttpResponse httpResponse = httpclient.execute(httpRequest);
//请求成功
if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode()== HttpStatus.SC_OK){
       //取得返回的字符串
       StringstrResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());
       mTextView.setText(strResult);
}
else {
       mTextView.setText( "请求错误!" );
[align=left]}

**   研究ApacheHttpClientDemo工程(Activity02.java)

**  serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1

10.3.3 HttpClient:HttpPost

String httpUrl = "http://192.168.1.110:8080/httpget.jsp" ;
//HttpPost连接对象
HttpPost httpRequest = newHttpPost(httpUrl);
//使用NameValuePair来保存要传递的Post参数
List params = newArrayList();
//添加要传递的参数
params.add(newBasicNameValuePair( "par" , "HttpClient_android_Post" ));
//设置字符集
HttpEntity httpentity = newUrlEncodedFormEntity(params, "gb2312" );
//请求httpRequest
httpRequest.setEntity(httpentity);
//取得默认的HttpClient
HttpClient httpclient = newDefaultHttpClient();
//取得HttpResponse
HttpResponse httpResponse =httpclient.execute(httpRequest);
if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == HttpStatus.SC_OK){
       StringstrResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity());}

**   研究ApacheHttpClientDemo工程(Activity03.java)

**  serverip要换成真实IP,不能用localhost或127.0.0.1

10.4 装载并显示Web网页
  10.4.1 用线程刷新网页显示

public void onCreate(BundlesavedInstanceState){ new Thread(mRunnable).start(); //开启线程 }
       //刷新网页显示
       privatevoid refresh(){
              URLurl = new URL( "http://192.168.1.110:8080/date.jsp" );
              HttpURLConnectionurlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
              InputStreamReaderin = new InputStreamReader(urlConn.getInputStream());
              BufferedReaderbuffer = new BufferedReader(in);
              StringinputLine = null ;
              //使用循环来读取获得的数据 //关闭InputStreamReader// 设置显示取得的内容 }
}

private Runnable mRunnable = newRunnable()  {
       publicvoid run()  {
             while ( true ) {         Thread.sleep( 5 * 1000 );
                 //发送消息
                 mHandler.sendMessage(mHandler.obtainMessage());  };
         Handler mHandler = new Handler() {
           public void handleMessage(Message msg)  {
             super .handleMessage(msg);
             refresh();
           } };

**   研究HttpURLConnectionRefresh工程

10.4.2 装载网页并显示

WebView webView = (WebView)findViewById(R.id.webview);
String html = "Hello lxt008!!!" ;
//装载页面,你可以换成URL地址。
webView.loadDataWithBaseURL( "Demo" ,html, "text/html" , "utf-8" , null );
//设置支持JS
webView.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled( true );
//设置浏览器客户端
webView.setWebChromeClient(newWebChromeClient());

10.5 Socket编程复习

Ø     以前课程中学过Socket编程。

Ø   研究SocketDemo以复习巩固Socket在Android中的使用。

示例下载