C getopt 及 shell getopts

 C

/* 
 * File:   getopt.c
 * Author: Vicky
 *
 * Created on 2012年2月3日, 上午10:34
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#ifdef _WIN32
extern int getopt(int, char * const *, const char *);
extern char *optarg;
#define snprintf _snprintf
#else
#include <unistd.h>
#endif

/*
 * 
 */
int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    int ch;
    while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "n:p:")) != EOF) {
        switch (ch) {
            case 'n':
/*
                if (optarg[strlen(optarg) - 1] != '/' &&
                        optarg[strlen(optarg) - 1] != '\\')
                    return 1;
*/
                puts(optarg);
                break;
            case 'p':
                puts(optarg);
                break;
            case '?':
                puts("n name | p pswd !");
                break;
            default:
                puts("no command or unknown!");
                return 1;
        }
    }
    return (EXIT_SUCCESS);
}

注意在windows 下需要：getopt.c

 

/*-
 * See the file LICENSE for redistribution information.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1996, 2011 Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.
 */
/*
 * Copyright (c) 1987, 1993, 1994
 *	The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *
 * $Id$
 */

/*
 * Avoid inclusion of internal header files as this
 * file is used by example code.
 *
 * Unconditional inclusion of stdio and string are
 * OK in this file.  It will work on all platforms
 * for which this file is used
 */
extern char *__db_rpath(const char *);
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int	__db_getopt_reset;	/* global reset for VxWorks. */

int	opterr = 1,		/* if error message should be printed */
	optind = 1,		/* index into parent argv vector */
	optopt,			/* character checked for validity */
	optreset;		/* reset getopt */
char	*optarg;		/* argument associated with option */

#undef	BADCH
#define	BADCH	(int)'?'
#undef	BADARG
#define	BADARG	(int)':'
#undef	EMSG
#define	EMSG	""

/*
 * getopt --
 *	Parse argc/argv argument vector.
 *
 * PUBLIC: #ifndef HAVE_GETOPT
 * PUBLIC: int getopt __P((int, char * const *, const char *));
 * PUBLIC: #endif
 */
int
getopt(nargc, nargv, ostr)
	int nargc;
	char * const *nargv;
	const char *ostr;
{
	static char *progname;
	static char *place = EMSG;		/* option letter processing */
	char *oli;				/* option letter list index */

	/*
	 * VxWorks needs to be able to repeatedly call getopt from multiple
	 * programs within its global name space.
	 */
	if (__db_getopt_reset) {
		__db_getopt_reset = 0;

		opterr = optind = 1;
		optopt = optreset = 0;
		optarg = NULL;
		progname = NULL;
		place = EMSG;
	}
	if (!progname) {
		if ((progname = __db_rpath(*nargv)) == NULL)
			progname = *nargv;
		else
			++progname;
	}

	if (optreset || !*place) {		/* update scanning pointer */
		optreset = 0;
		if (optind >= nargc || *(place = nargv[optind]) != '-') {
			place = EMSG;
			return (EOF);
		}
		if (place[1] && *++place == '-') {	/* found "--" */
			++optind;
			place = EMSG;
			return (EOF);
		}
	}					/* option letter okay? */
	if ((optopt = (int)*place++) == (int)':' ||
	    !(oli = strchr(ostr, optopt))) {
		/*
		 * if the user didn't specify '-' as an option,
		 * assume it means EOF.
		 */
		if (optopt == (int)'-')
			return (EOF);
		if (!*place)
			++optind;
		if (opterr && *ostr != ':')
			(void)fprintf(stderr,
			    "%s: illegal option -- %c\n", progname, optopt);
		return (BADCH);
	}
	if (*++oli != ':') {			/* don't need argument */
		optarg = NULL;
		if (!*place)
			++optind;
	}
	else {					/* need an argument */
		if (*place)			/* no white space */
			optarg = place;
		else if (nargc <= ++optind) {	/* no arg */
			place = EMSG;
			if (*ostr == ':')
				return (BADARG);
			if (opterr)
				(void)fprintf(stderr,
				    "%s: option requires an argument -- %c\n",
				    progname, optopt);
			return (BADCH);
		}
		else				/* white space */
			optarg = nargv[optind];
		place = EMSG;
		++optind;
	}
	return (optopt);			/* dump back option letter */
}

 

 

shell

#!/bin/bash
# 
# File:   getopts.bash
# Author: Vicky.H
#
# Created on 2012-2-3, 10:52:12
#
# ./getopts.bash -s 60 -m 1 -h 1
#

SECS=0
MINTES=0
HOURS=0
DAYS=0
RPOCESS=    # NULL
while getopts :s:m:h:d:p TIMED 2>/dev/null
do
    case $TIMED in
        s) SECS=$OPTARG
            ;;
        m) (( MINTES = $OPTARG * 60 ))
            ;;
        h) (( HOURS = $OPTARG * 3600 ))
            ;;
        d) (( DAYS = $OPTARG * 86400 ))
            ;;
        p) RPOCESS = $OPTARG
            ;;
        \?) usage
            ;;
    esac
done

(( TOTAL_SECONDS = SECS + MINTES + HOURS + DAYS ))

echo $TOTAL_SECONDS