HQL

1、属性查询

        1.1、单个属性查询

		List<String> l=session.createQuery("select e.ename from Emp e").list();
		for (String ename : l) {
			System.out.println(ename);//每条记录都是一个字段对应的数据类型
		}

        1.2、多个属性查询

		List l = session.createQuery("select e.empno,e.ename from Emp e")
				.list();
		Iterator it = l.iterator();
		while (it.hasNext()) {
			Object[]obj=(Object[])it.next();
			System.out.println("empno:"+obj[0]+"   ename:"+obj[1]);
		}
每条记录对应的都是Ocject[]数组,每个Object数组中依次保存所获取的属性数据。

         1.3、动态构造对象实例,前提要有相应的构造函数

		Query q = session.createQuery("select new Emp(e.empno,e.ename) from Emp e");
		List<Emp> l = q.list();
		for (Emp emp : l) {
			System.out.println(emp.getEmpno() + "  " + emp.getEname());
		}

          1.4、存放在一个 List 对象中

		Query q=session.createQuery("select new list(e.empno,e.ename) from Emp e");
		Iterator it=q.list().iterator();
		while(it.hasNext()){
			List obj=(List)it.next();
			System.out.println("emono:"+obj.get(0)+"   ename:"+obj.get(1));
		}

          1.5、Map

		Query q = session.createQuery("select new map(count(*) as count,max(sal) as max,min(sal) as min,avg(sal) as avg,sum(sal) as sum) from Emp");
		Iterator it = q.list().iterator();
		Map obj = (Map) it.next();
		System.out.println(obj);
该查询返回了一个 Map 的对象,内容是别名与被选择的值组成的名-值映射

2、参数绑定

        2.1、命名参数和?占位符

		Query q = session.createQuery(" from Emp where empno=? and deptno=:deptno");
		q.setInteger(0, 7369);//占位符(?)参数
		q.setInteger("deptno", 20);//命名参数
		List<Emp> l = q.list();
		for (Emp emp : l) {
			System.out.println(emp.getEname());
		}

		Emp e=(Emp)session.createQuery("from Emp as e where e=?").setEntity(0, new Emp(7369)).uniqueResult();

        2.2、封装参数(对象属性必须与命名参数名一致)

public class QueryProperties {
	private Integer id;
	private String name;
	public Integer getId() {
		return id;
	}
	public void setId(Integer id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	public QueryProperties() {
		super();
		// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
	}
	public QueryProperties(Integer id, String name) {
		super();
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
	}
}
实现:

		Query q = session.createQuery(" from Emp where empno>:id and ename like:name ");
		QueryProperties qp=new QueryProperties(100,"M%");
		q.setProperties(qp);//对象封装参数
		List<Emp> l = q.list();
		for (Emp emp : l) {
			System.out.println(emp.getEname());
		}
3、聚合函数

		Query q=session.createQuery("select count(*),max(sal),min(sal),avg(sal),sum(sal) from Emp");
		Iterator it=q.list().iterator();
		while(it.hasNext()){
			Object[]obj=(Object[])it.next();
			System.out.println("count:"+obj[0]+"   max:"+obj[1]+"  min:"+obj[2]+"  avg:"+obj[3]+"  sum:"+obj[4]);
		}

4、order by、group by

		Query q=session.createQuery("from Emp e order by empno desc");
		List<Emp> list=q.list();
		for (Emp emp : list) {
			System.out.println(emp.getEmpno());
		}

		Query q=session.createQuery("select e.job from Emp e group by e.job");
		List list=q.list();
		Iterator it=list.iterator();
		while(it.hasNext()){
			System.out.println(it.next());
		}

5、分页

Hibernate提供:

		int pageSize = 3;
		int pageIndex = 2;
		Query q = session.createQuery("from Emp order by empno");
		System.out.println(q.list().size());
		ScrollableResults scroll = q.scroll();
		scroll.last();
		int count = scroll.getRowNumber() + 1;// 总记录数
		int totalpages = (count % pageSize == 0) ? (count / pageSize) : (count
				/ pageSize + 1);
		q.setFirstResult(pageSize * (pageIndex - 1));
		q.setMaxResults(pageSize);
		List<Emp> l = q.list();
		for (Emp emp : l) {
			System.out.println(emp.getEmpno());
		}

int count = list.size();//总记录数


6、HQL查询性能优化

6.1、避免使用or操作,使用in替代;避免使用not、like的特殊形式、having子句、distinct6.2、所以在以下情况下失效:

         ①对字段使用函数;

         ②对字段进行计算,如price+10;

         ③某些情况下的like操作;

         ④某些情况下使用not,如not(price>1800);

         ⑤在where中使用or时,有一个字段没有索引,那么其它字段的索引将不起作用;

7、连接查询

7.1、内连接:inner join

		Query q=session.createQuery("from Emp e inner join e.dept d with  d.deptno=10");
		List l=q.list();
		Iterator it=l.iterator();
		while(it.hasNext()){
			Object[]obj=(Object[])it.next();
			Emp e=(Emp)obj[0];
			System.out.println(e.getEname());
			Dept d=(Dept)obj[1];
			System.out.println(d.getEmps());
		}
		Query q2=session.createQuery("from Emp e inner join fetch e.dept d");
		List l2=q2.list();
		Iterator it2=l2.iterator();
		while(it2.hasNext()){
			Emp e=(Emp)it2.next();
			System.out.println(e.getDept());
		}

fetch关键字表明右表对象读取后立即填充到对应的左表对象中。如果忽略fetch关键字,得到的结果集中每行数据都是一个Object数组。通过with可以提供获得额外的join条件

7.2、外连接

         7.2.1、右外连接

		Query q=session.createQuery("from Emp e right join e.dept d");
		List l=q.list();
		Iterator it=l.iterator();
		while(it.hasNext()){
			Object[]obj=(Object[])it.next();
			Emp e=(Emp)obj[0];
			System.out.println(e.getEname());
			Dept d=(Dept)obj[1];
			System.out.println(d.getEmps());
		}
		Query q2=session.createQuery("from Emp e right join fetch e.dept d");
		List l2=q2.list();
		Iterator it2=l2.iterator();
		while(it2.hasNext()){
			Emp e=(Emp)it2.next();
			System.out.println(e.getDept());
		}
        7.2.2、左外连接

                      from Emp e left join fetch e.dept d

8、命名查询

首先在class同级节点上配置

<query name="test">
    <![CDATA[
    	from org.han.entity.Emp e where e.ename like:name
    ]]>
</query>
通过Query q=session.getNamedQuery("test");方法获得该查询语句

		Query q = session.getNamedQuery("test");
		q.setString("name", "M%");
		List<Emp> l = q.list();
		for (Emp emp : l) {
			System.out.println(emp.getEname());
		}

9、本地SQL查询

9.1查询

		SQLQuery sq = session
				.createSQLQuery(
						"select {e.*},{d.*} from emp e,dept d where e.deptno=d.deptno")
				.addEntity("e", Emp.class).addEntity("d", Dept.class);
		List<Emp> l = sq.list();
		Iterator it = l.iterator();
		while (it.hasNext()) {
			Object[] obj = (Object[]) it.next();
			Emp e = (Emp) obj[0];
			Dept d = (Dept) obj[1];
			System.out.println("雇员:" + e.getEname() + "  部门:" + d.getDeptno());
		}

9.2命名查询


XML配置

<sql-query name="sqlquery">
	<![CDATA[select {e.*},{d.*} from emp e,dept d where e.deptno=d.deptno and mod(e.empno,?)=0]]>
	<return alias="e" class="org.han.entity.Emp"></return>
	<return alias="d" class="org.han.entity.Dept"></return>
</sql-query>
<return>是指定别名和实体类的联系,其中alias属性用于指定别名,class用于指定实体类

		Query q = session.getNamedQuery("sqlquery");
		q.setInteger(0, 3);
		List<Emp> l = q.list();
		Iterator it = l.iterator();
		while (it.hasNext()) {
			Object[] obj = (Object[]) it.next();
			Emp e = (Emp) obj[0];
			Dept d = (Dept) obj[1];
			System.out.println("雇员:" + e.getEname() + "  部门:" + d.getDeptno());
		}

10、过滤集合

集合过滤器(filter)是一种用于一个持久化集合或者数组的特殊的查询。查询字符串中可以使用 "this" 来引用集合中的当前元素。

		List<Dept> l=session.createQuery("from Dept").list();
		Collection<Emp> coll=session.createFilter(l.get(1).getEmps(), "").setMaxResults(3).setFirstResult(3).list();
		for (Emp dept : coll) {
			System.out.println(dept.getEmpno());
		}


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