用两种方式,一是利用ffmpeg提供的可执行文件进行提取,另外就是用ffmpeg的sdk,进行开发。我下面说一下如何使用ffmpeg sdk进行提取(假设把提取的关键帧保存成bmp,源文件名是sample.mpg):
首先获取文件中的视频流:
- av_register_all();
- if(av_open_input_file(&pFormatCtx, filename, NULL, 0, NULL)!=0)
- printf("error!\n");
- if(av_find_stream_info(pFormatCtx)<0)
- printf("error!\n");
- videoStream=-1;
- for(i=0; i<pFormatCtx->nb_streams; i++)
- if(pFormatCtx->streams[i]->codec->codec_type==CODEC_TYPE_VIDEO)
- {
- videoStream=i;
- break;
- }
- if(videoStream==-1)
- printf("error!\n");// Didn't find a video stream
- // 得到视频流编码上下文的指针
- pCodecCtx=pFormatCtx->streams[videoStream]->codec;
- 然后选择解码器进行解码:
- AVCodec *pCodec;
- // 寻找视频流的解码器
- pCodec=avcodec_find_decoder(pCodecCtx->codec_id);
- if(pCodec==NULL)
- printf("error!\n");// 找不到解码器
- // 打开解码器
- if(avcodec_open(pCodecCtx, pCodec)<0)
- printf("error!\n"); // 打不开解码器
- 现在开始,进入解码和提取关键帧的过程:
- pFrame=avcodec_alloc_frame();
- pFrameRGB = avcodec_alloc_frame();
- numBytes=avpicture_get_size(PIX_FMT_BGR24, pCodecCtx->width,pCodecCtx->height);
- buffer=new uint8_t[numBytes];
- avpicture_fill((AVPicture *)pFrameRGB, buffer, PIX_FMT_RGB24,pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height);
- pSWSCtx = sws_getContext(pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height, pCodecCtx->pix_fmt, pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height, PIX_FMT_RGB24, SWS_BICUBIC, NULL, NULL, NULL);
- i=0;
- while(av_read_frame(pFormatCtx,&packet)>=0)
- {
- if(packet.stream_index==videoStream)
- {
- avcodec_decode_video(pCodecCtx, pFrame, &frameFinished,packet.data, packet.size);
- if(frameFinished)
- {
- if(pFrame->key_frame==1) // 这就是关键帧
- {
- sws_scale(pSWSCtx, pFrame->data, pFrame->linesize,0, pCodecCtx->height, pFrameRGB->data, pFrameRGB->linesize);
- // 保存到磁盘
- char pic[200];
- sprintf(pic,"pic%d.bmp",i);
- i++;
- av_create_bmp(pic,pFrameRGB->data[0],pCodecCtx->width,pCodecCtx->height,24);
- }
- }
- }
- av_free_packet(&packet);
- }
- 最后,释放资源和句
- // 释放 RGB 图象
- av_free(pFrameRGB);
- // 释放YUV 帧
- av_free(pFrame);
- sws_freeContext(pSWSCtx);
- // 关闭解码器(codec)
- avcodec_close(pCodecCtx);
- // 关闭视频文件
- av_close_input_file(pFormatCtx);
ffmpeg SDK就支持,以下代码是ffmpeg官方小组提供的
- int main()
- {
- SwsContext *pSWSCtx;
- AVFormatContext *pFormatCtx;
- const char *filename="sample.mpg";
- int i,videoStream,y_size;
- AVCodecContext *pCodecCtx;
- AVFrame *pFrame;
- AVFrame *pFrameRGB;
- int numBytes,frameFinished;
- uint8_t *buffer;
- static AVPacket packet;
- av_register_all();
- if(av_open_input_file(&pFormatCtx, filename, NULL, 0, NULL)!=0)
- printf("error!\n");
- if(av_find_stream_info(pFormatCtx)<0)
- printf("error!\n");
- dump_format(pFormatCtx, 0, filename, false);
- videoStream=-1;
- for(i=0; i<pFormatCtx->nb_streams; i++)
- if(pFormatCtx->streams[i]->codec->codec_type==CODEC_TYPE_VIDEO)
- {
- videoStream=i;
- break;
- }
- if(videoStream==-1)
- printf("error!\n");// Didn't find a video stream
- pCodecCtx=pFormatCtx->streams[videoStream]->codec;
- AVCodec *pCodec;
- pCodec=avcodec_find_decoder(pCodecCtx->codec_id);
- if(pCodec==NULL)
- printf("error!\n");
- if(avcodec_open(pCodecCtx, pCodec)<0)
- printf("error!\n");
- pFrame=avcodec_alloc_frame();
- pFrameRGB = avcodec_alloc_frame();
- numBytes=avpicture_get_size(PIX_FMT_BGR24, pCodecCtx->width,pCodecCtx->height);
- buffer=new uint8_t[numBytes];
- avpicture_fill((AVPicture *)pFrameRGB, buffer, PIX_FMT_RGB24,pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height);
- pSWSCtx = sws_getContext(pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height, pCodecCtx->pix_fmt, pCodecCtx->width, pCodecCtx->height, PIX_FMT_RGB24, SWS_BICUBIC, NULL, NULL, NULL);
- i=0;
- while(av_read_frame(pFormatCtx,&packet)>=0)
- {
- if(packet.stream_index==videoStream)
- {
- avcodec_decode_video(pCodecCtx, pFrame, &frameFinished,packet.data, packet.size);
- if(frameFinished)
- {
- if(pFrame->key_frame==1)//这里取到关键帧数据
- {
- sws_scale(pSWSCtx, pFrame->data, pFrame->linesize,0, pCodecCtx->height, pFrameRGB->data, pFrameRGB->linesize);
- i++;
- }
- }
- }
- av_free_packet(&packet);
- }
- av_free(pFrameRGB);
- av_free(pFrame);
- sws_freeContext(pSWSCtx);
- avcodec_close(pCodecCtx);
- av_close_input_file(pFormatCtx);
- return 0;
- }