Configure，Makefile.am, Makefile.in, Makefile文件之间关系

1.autoscan (autoconf): 扫描源代码以搜寻普通的可移植性问题，比如检查编译器，库，头文件等，生成文件configure.scan,它是configure.ac的一个雏形。     your source files --> [autoscan*] --> [configure.scan] --> configure.ac 2.aclocal (automake):根据已经安装的宏，用户定义宏和acinclude.m4文件中的宏将configure.ac文件所需要的宏集中定义到文件 aclocal.m4中。aclocal是一个perl 脚本程序，它的定义是：“aclocal - create aclocal.m4 by scanning configure.ac” user input files optional input process output files ================ ============== ======= ============ acinclude.m4 - - - - -. V .-------, configure.ac ------------------------>|aclocal| {user macro files} ->| |------> aclocal.m4 `-------' 3.autoheader(autoconf): 根据configure.ac中的某些宏，比如cpp宏定义，运行m4，声称config.h.in user input files optional input process output files ================ ============== ======= ============ aclocal.m4 - - - - - - - . | V .----------, configure.ac ----------------------->|autoheader|----> autoconfig.h.in `----------' 4.automake: automake将Makefile.am中定义的结构建立Makefile.in，然后configure脚本将生成的Makefile.in文件转换 为Makefile。如果在configure.ac中定义了一些特殊的宏，比如AC_PROG_LIBTOOL，它会调用libtoolize，否则它 会自己产生config.guess和config.sub user input files optional input processes output files ================ ============== ========= ============ .--------, | | - - -> COPYING | | - - -> INSTALL | |------> install-sh | |------> missing |automake|------> mkinstalldirs configure.ac ----------------------->| | Makefile.am ----------------------->| |------> Makefile.in | |------> stamp-h.in .---+ | - - -> config.guess | | | - - -> config.sub | `------+-' | | - - - -> config.guess |libtoolize| - - - -> config.sub | |--------> ltmain.sh | |--------> ltconfig `----------' 5.autoconf:将configure.ac中的宏展开，生成configure脚本。这个过程可能要用到aclocal.m4中定义的宏。 user input files optional input processes output files ================ ============== ========= ============ aclocal.m4 ,autoconfig.h.in - - - - - - -. V .--------, configure.ac ----------------------->|autoconf|------> configure 6. ./configure的过程 .-------------> [config.cache] configure* --------------------------+-------------> config.log | [config.h.in] -. v .--> [autoconfig.h] +-------> config.status* -+ Makefile.in ---' `--> Makefile 7. make过程 [autoconfig.h] -. +--> make* ---> 程序 Makefile ---' .---------, config.site - - ->| | config.cache - - ->|configure| - - -> config.cache | +-, `-+-------' | | |----> config.status config.h.in ------->|config- |----> config.h Makefile.in ------->| .status|----> Makefile | |----> stamp-h | +--, .-+ | | | `------+--' | ltmain.sh ------->|ltconfig|-------> libtool | | | `-+------' | |config.guess| | config.sub | `------------'   .--------, Makefile ------>| | config.h ------>| make | {project sources} ---------------->| |--------> {project targets} .-+ +--, | `--------' | | libtool | | missing | | install-sh | |mkinstalldirs| `-------------' 实例： 在/hello/目录下创建一个hello.c文件，并编译运行它： #cd /hello/ (1) 编写源文件hello.c： #include<stdio.h>  int main(int argc, char** argv) { printf("Hello, GNU!n"); return 0; } [litao@vm0000131 hello]$ ll total 4 -rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao 68 Aug 12 12:02 hello.c 一、autoscan [litao@vm0000131 hello]$ autoscan autom4te: configure.ac: no such file or directory autoscan: /usr/bin/autom4te failed with exit status: 1 [litao@vm0000131 hello]$ ll total 8 -rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao   0 Aug 12 12:03 autoscan.log -rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao 457 Aug 12 12:03 configure.scan -rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao  68 Aug 12 12:02 hello.c 已经生成了configure.scan，autoscan.log文件 将configure.scan 修改为 configure.in，最后修改的内容如下： [litao@vm0000131 hello]$ mv configure.scan configure.in     [litao@vm0000131 hello]$ vim configure.in  #                                               -*- Autoconf -*- # Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script. AC_PREREQ(2.59) AC_INIT(FULL-PACKAGE-NAME, VERSION, BUG-REPORT-ADDRESS) AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([hello.c]) #AC_CONFIG_HEADER([config.h]) AM_INIT_AUTOMAKE(hello, 1.0) # Checks for programs. AC_PROG_CC # Checks for libraries. # Checks for header files. # Checks for typedefs, structures, and compiler characteristics. # Checks for library functions. AC_OUTPUT(Makefile) 二、acloacl [litao@vm0000131 hello]$ aclocal  生成 aclocal.m4 和 autom4te.cache (生成aclocal.m4的过程中涉及到configure.in) [litao@vm0000131 hello]$ ll total 44 -rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao 31120 Aug 12 12:08 aclocal.m4 drwxr-xr-x 2 litao litao  4096 Aug 12 12:08 autom4te.cache -rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao     0 Aug 12 12:03 autoscan.log -rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao   496 Aug 12 12:08 configure.in -rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao    68 Aug 12 12:02 hello.c 三、antoconf [litao@vm0000131 hello]$ autoconf 生成 configure (根据 configure.in, 和 aclocal.m4) [litao@vm0000131 hello]$ ll total 168 -rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao  31120 Aug 12 12:08 aclocal.m4 drwxr-xr-x 2 litao litao   4096 Aug 12 12:11 autom4te.cache -rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao      0 Aug 12 12:03 autoscan.log -rwxrwxr-x 1 litao litao 122297 Aug 12 12:11 configure -rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao    496 Aug 12 12:08 configure.in -rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao     68 Aug 12 12:02 hello.c 四、编写Makefile.am： AUTOMAKE_OPTIONS= foreign bin_PROGRAMS= hello hello_SOURCES= hello.c 五、automake 生成 Makefile.in， depcomp， install-sh， 和 missing (根据 Makefile.am, 和 aclocal.m4) [litao@vm0000131 hello]$ automake configure.in: required file `./install-sh' not found configure.in: required file `./missing' not found Makefile.am: required file `./depcomp' not found [litao@vm0000131 hello]$ automake --add-missing configure.in: installing `./install-sh' configure.in: installing `./missing' Makefile.am: installing `./depcomp' [litao@vm0000131 hello]$ ll total 192 -rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao  31120 Aug 12 12:08 aclocal.m4 drwxr-xr-x 2 litao litao   4096 Aug 12 12:14 autom4te.cache -rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao      0 Aug 12 12:03 autoscan.log -rwxrwxr-x 1 litao litao 122297 Aug 12 12:11 configure -rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao    496 Aug 12 12:08 configure.in lrwxrwxrwx 1 litao litao     31 Aug 12 12:16 depcomp -> /usr/share/automake-1.9/depcomp -rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao     68 Aug 12 12:02 hello.c lrwxrwxrwx 1 litao litao     34 Aug 12 12:16 install-sh -> /usr/share/automake-1.9/install-sh -rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao     69 Aug 12 12:15 Makefile.am -rw-rw-r-- 1 litao litao  16561 Aug 12 12:16 Makefile.in lrwxrwxrwx 1 litao litao     31 Aug 12 12:16 missing -> /usr/share/automake-1.9/missing 六、configure 生成 Makefile， config.log， 和 config.status

from:http://blog.csdn.net/dolphin98629/article/details/4815835