Warez FAQ中英对照版
Warez FAQ中英对照版
Warez FAQ中英对照版
虽然这个FAQ有点旧~~大部分资料还是准确的....
个人觉得论坛上很多问题是对warez的宗旨误解曲解而造成~~请着重看红色的部分
~~
希望对大家以及论坛的运作上有帮助....
原文@hxxp://www.imaginers.com/iw/FAQ/definitions.html
中文翻译: BMan@ROR
原文来自网路，不代表本论坛立场
请大家指出错漏的地方
0-Day - Latest software releases.
0-Day - 最新的已破解或注册的完全版软件,取意在软件发布当天就已破解或可以
注册使用。
0-Sec - Same as above, although the period of time between ripping a
game or application and it
appearing on a warez site is even shorter.
0-Sec - 这个意思是说。一个 release gourp 在某一个/几个 site (affill
site)上发布(pre)一个他们的软件，在几秒内这个新的发布就被 trader 传到了其
它 topsite 上，0sec 指散播的速度。
Ace File - The first file in a series of compressed archives (the one
you double click on to
decompress all the files at once).
Ace档 - Winace压缩的的档。 program://www.winace.com
Active List - Similar to a mailing list, but uses ICQ to send instant
messages to subscribers.
活动列表 - ICQ上类似新闻列表的功能，而已群体通知注册的成员。
Alpha - Software receives this label when it is in the very early stages
of development. Usually
full of bugs, so don't touch it with a barge pole.
阿尔法版 - 软件开发初期的的版本，很多虫。
Anti-Leech - A system which uses cgi scripts to prevent people
stealing links and then taking the
credit for uploading the files.
一个CGI脚本系统，用来防止别人盗连并“据为己有”。http站流行时的产物。
(ROR论坛不
接受linkz的原因的主证之一)
Appz - Short for applications. For example Flash 5 or GoLie 5.5.
Appz - 应用软件的缩写。
ASF File - The worst quality movie file format (still pretty good
though), much smaller in size than
dat or mpg.
ASF档 - M$的烂东西。
Banner Site - Password and username restricted FTP site. To get the
correct login details you
must click on several banners.
横幅网站 - 需要按广告索取密码的ftp网站。
Beta - Refers to an almost finished piece of software that is released
to the public for bug testing.
贝塔版 - 开发将要完毕，让公众测试的版本。
BSA - An acronym for Business Software Alliance, an organisation who are
responsible for
enforcing anti-piracy litigation. Similar groups in charge of
controlling software "theft" include the
SIIA, SPA and ELSPA.
BSA - 商业软件联盟的简称。同类组织有SIIA, SPA以及ELSPA。
BSOD - Many people read about BSODs on bulletin boards and think that
they're being insulted,
but there is no need to get paranoid. It is actually an acronym for
"Blue Screen Of Death". These
can occur for a multitude of reasons (old Bill likes to keep us
guessing!) and are the bane of PC
user's lives.
BSOD - 死亡蓝屏的简称。
Bulletin Board - A virtual meeting place on the web similar to a chat
room except that it isn't in real
time. One person leaves a message then others come along, read it and
add a reply. Each new
discussion is called a new topic or thread and has it's own link.
Whenever a new topic is created
the older topics are pushed one place downwards in the list. When
someone replies to an older
topic it is brought back to the top of the list.
电子公告栏 - 论坛(forum)发展起来之前的交流方式之一。现在各大院校仍在使用
中。
C?? File - File extension that indicates that a file is part of an .
ace or .rar series of compressed files.
C??档 - Winace或WinRAR压缩档的副档名。
Cgi Scripts - These are referrers which are used in url￡r. When you
click on a link with
a ?cgi reference you are directed to a sponsor￡r website or an
anti-leech protected file.
公共网关接口脚本 - http网站使用的一种程序。
Cookie - A tiny text file (usually less than 1kb), which is stored on
your hard drive when you visit
a web site. These are used to remember who you are so that you can
access members only areas
on the site without having to type in a password every time or to retain
your personalised settings
so that they are available the next time you visit.
“饼干”- 用来记录网站使用者的资料的细小文档。
Courier - Someone who is involved in the logistics of delivering new
releases directly from the
release groups themselves to FTP sites.
传送者 - Courier = Trader，在 IRC/FTP 里面盯着别的 group 最新的 release
，再抢着把这些 release
传到其它 topsite 去。这些人很辛苦的，当然用脚本来做的是另一回事。
Crack - A tiny executable file that is used to transform a shareware
program into the full version.
Also used to remove any copy protection from the main executable of
games (this will already
have been done in "ripped" warez games).
破解 - 移除软件拷贝保护。
CRC Error - These can occur when you try to decompress a file that has
become corrupt during
the downloading process, usually as a result of too much resuming.
CRC错误 - 压缩档下载因各种原因而造成错误，解压时就会看到CRC错误的讯息。
Credits - The amount of data you are permitted to download from a
ratio site. The more credits
you have the more software you are allowed to download.
信用 - 一般用在 FTP 上而不是网站上，论坛上的积分只是个类似的概念但不等于
credit。credit 的
换算完全自动
DAP - A quick way of referring to "Download Accelerator Plus", a free
download manager that
claims to speed up file transfers by up to three hundred per cent. It
works by making multiple
connections to the same file and is paid for by revolving advertising
banners.Also supports
resume. **EDITOR'S PICK**
DAP - 下载软件Download Accelerator Plus的简称。
DAT File - File format used for movies, identical in quality and size to
mpg as far as I can tell.
DAT档 - mpg电影档，常见于VCD中。
DC - The lazy way of referring to the Dreamcast, Sega's latest console
incarnation.
DC - 世嘉游戏机Dreamcast的简称。
Decompression - Unpacking many files that have been stored in a single
archive.
解压 - 把压缩了的档解开。
Distro - A concise means of referring to a distribution FTP site.
These are huge storage areas
which act as a springboard for the transfer of new releases. Their
whereabouts are never public
disclosed to aid their survival rate. You can think of them as the
initial source from which warez
emanates.
分发中心 - 不公开的ftp，用来向pub上面发布的资源。
Direct Downloads - Links to actual files rather than other warez sites
or pages. These are usually
gathered together from many different sites and put on one page for your
convenience.
直接下载 - 指从别的站搜索来的连接，在自己的网页上贴出。不管初衷是什么，
被视为盗连的一种。
DivX - Movies ripped from a DVD using the DivX video codecs. Can be
played back using Media
Player.
DivX - 从DVD上抽出，用DivX 视频编解码制作的电影。
DIZ File - Short for description. Very brief text file found in warez
archives stating the title of
the software, the number of files that makes up the set and the group
who released it.
DiZ档 - DIZ是英文描述的简写。顾名思义，用来记录介绍发布品的相关资料。
Download (or DL) - Copying files from a web server or FTP site to your
computer using a modem.
下载 - 这个就自己去体会吧.....
Emulator - An application that simulates another computer system or
console using your PC.
模拟器 - 一个用来在个人电脑上模拟其它系统或硬件功能的软件。
FAQ - Stands for Frequently Asked Questions.
FAQ - 常问问题的简写。
FAW - Abbreviation for "Files Anywhere", a popular, free web storage
service.
FAW - Files Anywhere的简写，一个过气的网络硬碟站。网站://www.
filesanywhere.com/
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) - The method used to transfer files from
one computer to another
using a modem.
文件传送协议 - 是Internet上跨越任何平台(platform) 传输文件的标准TCP/IP协
议
Flaming - A general net term for "verbally" attacking someone. This
can be done via email,
bulletin board, chat room or any medium which involves communication
across the web.
"燎" - 用语言来攻击别人,论坛上的口水战发展成人身攻击。
Freedrive - Virtual hard drive storage area on the web. Free to join and
anything and everything
can be uploaded or downloaded.
Freedrive - 曾经完全免费的网路硬碟。 网站://www.freedrive.com/
Freeware - Unrestricted software that is downloaded from the net and
is completely free to use.
Often paid for using advertising.
免费软件 - 完全免费的软件，不是广告软件列入flashget.
FTP Client / Browser - A program used to access, upload and download
data from FTP sites.
Ftp客户端/流览器 - 用来进入FTP上传下载的软件。
Fxp - The art of transferring data from one Ftp site to another using
the connection speed of the
slower of the two computers.
FXP - 在两ftp服务器之间直接传送资料。
Gamez - Pretty self-explanatory this one.
Gamez - 破解或注册了的完全版游戏。
Getright - One of the best download managers available.
Getright - 下载管理软件。
Gold - A piece of software is said to have gone gold when the final
version is complete and it is
ready to ship to the public.
金版 - 就是准备发售的最终开发版软件。
Gozilla - Another excellent download manager.
Gozilla - 另一个下载管理软件。
Hacking - Gaining access to a remote computer without the
authorisation to do so. Usually for the
purposes of stealing confidential information or the malicious
destruction of data.
黑(骇) - hacking的原意同破坏无关，只是一种“玩”。现在这个词是贬义，用来
描述非法进入别人系
统做非法的事。
Hammering - Repeatedly trying to access an FTP site using an FTP
client or download manager.
撞击 - 重复快速地尝试登入一个ftp. 很多ftp都设置了对hammer的人自动ban.
HTTP - Stands for "Hypertext Transfer Protocol". The method you use to
view a web page.
Always comes before the address of a website in your Url bar.
HTTP - 超文本传输协议，网页传输的协议。
ICQ - Derives from the term "I Seek You" and is used for real time chat and transferring files over the internet.
ICQ - I Seek You的简写，一个国外非常受欢迎的网上传呼器。
IP Address - A series of numbers separated by dots used to identify your computer on the Internet.
IP址 - 网路协议地址, 网路上用来代表网站地址的一串数字。
IRC - Stands for "Instant Relay Chat". Used for real time chat and transferring files over the Internet.
IRC - Instant Relay Chat的缩写, 可以用来实时聊天和传送资料。
大家来ROR IRC支持#music
ISO - An exact copy of an original CD, all the multimedia bits and pieces are uncut and therefore
they are extremely large and awkward to download.
ISO - ISO有多重意思。Warez里指的是CD的影像。
Java - Html scripts used to add functionality to or bring web pages alive. These include animation
(such as the title graphic on my main page), menus, chat rooms, buttons, pop ups and so on.
Java - 网路上常用的程序语言。
Key Generator - A tiny executable program that is capable of creating a serial number from a
specified username. These are specific to particular applications or utilities, so a serial number
created with one key generator will only work for the program for which the key generator was
developed.
注册机 - 生成注册码的小程式。
Lamer - An annoying and overused general derogatory term used to insult/put down anyone and
everything.
Lamer - 烂人，没用的人。常用来指那些不知道规矩或明知故犯的人。
Leeching - Downloading files without giving anything back in return or copying other people￡r links.
"吸血”--只会下载不会回馈的行为
Mirror - An exact copy of a web site that is stored on a different server. Using multiple locations
for warez样sites allows the site to be accessed using a different address if the main site is deleted.
镜子-置放在不同服务器上同样内容的东西，主要目的是为了防止一个地点被(deleters or site op)删除后
仍然有地方下载
Modchip - Very common website sponsor found on warez sites. They don￡s mind their
banners being used on illegal software sites because their products are one of the ￥Crey
areas?of the law. Modchips are small pieces of electronic circuitry which allow copied games to be
played on your Playstation. If a Playstation has been fitted with a Modchip it is said to have
been "chipped".
俗称 ”直读芯片“ 通常原装的 PS/PS2,XBOX 游戏机只能读取正版的游戏碟MODCHIP 就是加装、改装
在游戏机主板上，让游戏机跳过正版碟那个检测， 直接玩D版游戏(多谢marquee同学提供精彩解说)
MP3 File - Compressed music file format. Average track size is between 3 and 4 meg compared to
40-ish meg in wav format.
mp3档 - 要知道什么是mp3档？请来ROR IRC的#music
MPG File - The best quality and largest movie file format.
MPG档 - 电影档的一种。
Multi Web Space Faker - A tool used to create lots of free web space accounts simultaneously.
多网站免费空间账号生成器 - 又一个网路泡沫时代的warez界利器。
Name Zero - An organisation that offers free website domain names. The main drawbacks are
that you have to put up with a very bulky banner residing at the bottom of your page and the fact
that you never actually own your chosen address.
Name Zero - 曾几何时是免费的域名提供者。网站://www.namezero.com/
NFO File - Short for info or information. Basic text file containing all the important details relating
to a particular release, such as number of files, release date, copy protection system, installation
instructions etc.
NFO档 - nfo是information的缩写,里面带有所有相关重要的讯息，例如破解使用方法，注册码。
Nuked - A release is said to be nuked if it is completely unplayable. Usually when this happens
another group re-releases the particular game, although fixes do sometimes follow on to rescue
the game from trash can.
Nuked - 因为发布作品存在问题而被“灭"掉，别的小组就可以重新发布同一个东西。
不好的不符合规则的 release，不一定是破解不成功。size 太大，两个版本发布时间小于 14 天，非英语
release，bookware 都可能被 nuke。各个 site 的规矩不尽相同。
OEM - An acronym for Original Equipment Manufacturer. OEM software products are repackaged
versions of the full retail product. They are often re-branded to suit the needs of the particular
vender and are much more reasonable priced because they lack excessive packaging and a hard
copy of the manual.
OEM - 其实，OEM与现代工业社会有着密切的关系。一些著名的品牌商品制造商，常常因为自己的
厂房不能达到大批量生产的要求，又或者需要某些特定的零件，因此向其他厂商求助。 这些伸出援
手的厂商就被称为OEM(Original Equipment Manufacturer，原始设备生产商)。如将之引申到IT领域
的话，则表示那些进行代工的生产商。例如CPU风扇，Intel或AMD公司本身并不生产，它们通常会
找像日本三洋公司这样的专业电机制造企业作风扇OEM生产。(节载自某个网站)
OST - Not strictly a warez term this one, but one that you are likely to come across while
searching for MP3 music. It stands for original soundtrack (movie music).
OST - 原声大碟. ROR IRC的#Music与音乐版经常提供精彩的原声大碟。
Patch - We all know games and applications aren't perfect. When they are released we would
hope that they have been thoroughly tested for bugs and incompatibility problems, but you
can guarantee that many of these will still slip through the quality control net. Once
the program is released to the general public, the bug reports start to flood in. A patch
is a downloadable executive file which takes these reports into account and attempts to
incorporate all the fixes for these known problems. A patch can resolve incompatibility
problems, prevent crashes or improve the performance of a piece of software.
补丁 - 补什么？当然是捕虫也。M$的软件虫多，别家的软件游戏的虫也不少，有虫就要找杀虫
圣手帕伽先生，包你...
有时候有人也叫那些让软件变完全版的小程式为patch.
Piracy - The replication and distribution of videos or computer software.
盗版 - 字典上说是未经授权而使用或复制他人作品。
Pop-ups - Irritating browser windows that open automatically when you visit a warez site. Usually
contain voting portals or porn sites.
突然出现的广告 - 大家都烦这个，就不多说了。 btw，Netcaptor挡popups的功能不错。
Port - A port is a term used when referring to FTP sites and is an essential extension of the
address used to access them. If the port number of an FTP site isn't specified the default setting of
21 will automatically be used.
端口 - 除了前门后门，一个服务器上还有不少其它的门，每一扇门就是一个端口。
Pron - A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away someone posted a request for porn on a bulletin
board, only, because of a typing error what he ended up asking for was "pron". Since then this
has become a bit of a running joke and so it is now deliberately misspelt.
Pron - 据说当年某位人兄问朋友要诱人的pp,谁知道打成乒乓。结果大球没有却得了两个白色的小
球。没啦，那是我编的，只是打错字把xorn打成xron而已。
Proxy - A third party server which acts as an anonymous go between whenever you request a
web page or contact a remote server. The message from your computer is first sent through the
proxy server before being relayed to the final destination so that it appears as though the request
has come from the IP address of the proxy server rather than you. Used when you wish to
maintain your privacy on the net or speed up your connection (much more detailed info on this
subject in the "more tips" section).
代理 - 代理服务器是介于浏览器和Web服务器之间的一台服务器，有了它之后，浏览器不是直
接到Web服务器去取回网页而是向代理服务器发出请求，Request信号会先送到代理服务器，由代理
服务器来取回浏览器所需要的信息并传送给你的浏览器。而且，大部分代理服务器都具有缓冲的功
能，就好象一个大的Cache，它有很大的存储空间，它不断将新取得数据储存到它本机的存储器上，
如果浏览器所请求的数据在它本机的存储器上已经存在而且是最新的，那么它就不重新从Web服务
器取数据，而直接将存储器上的数据传送给用户的浏览器，这样就能显著提高浏览速度和效率（速
度会随着代理服务器地理位置的不同以及网络传输情况而改变），而且国外的网络大部分都是没有
限制访问网站或者所限制的不同，所以我们有很大的机会通过代理服务器去访问那些原本不能够去
的网站。更重要的是：Proxy Server (代理服务器)是 Internet链路级网关所提供的一种重要的安全功
能，它的工作主要在开放系统互联 (OSI) 模型的对话层。 (节选自某中文网站)
Psx - A quick way of referring to the Sony Playstation.
PSX - Sony Playstation的简写。
Pub - A free for all FTP site where anonymous access is permitted.
公众ftp - 一个对所有人都开放的匿名服务器.(所有人是指pub主人选择开放的对象)
Pub Scanner - Someone who scours the net for anonymous access FTP sites which permit the
creation and deletion of files. These are then exploited by uploading software for others to share.
扫pub者 - 就是用软件扫瞄匿名FTP服务器的人。扫瞄在大多数国家都是不合法的，要是你不知道在
做什么，不要去乱扫。
Pub Stealer - Someone who posts the IP address of a public FTP site which they themselves have
not built. Some pub stealers justify this by claiming that the elitism of private FXP groups
discriminates against those people who do not have access, yet others simply post other people's
work to try to claim the credit for themselves. Either way though, pub stealers are despised by the
FXP groups and praised by those who would otherwise not have access to them.
Pub贼 - 顾名思义，不是自己的pub(不拥有也没出力建立)却拿出来”分享“了。是被人唾弃的人种(?)。
Rar File - The first file in a series of compressed archives (the one you double click on to
decompress all the files at once). Usually decompressed using a program called Winrar.
RAR档 - Winrar压缩出来的档。
Release Groups - A group of people who are involved in cracking and / or ripping software and
then repackaging it into easily downloadable segments.
发布小组 - 一些因为兴趣而聚在一起的小组，warez的原提供者。
Ratio - Two numbers separated by a semi-colon. Indicates how much data you must upload to an
FTP site before you are permitted to download anything.
比率 - 平常以X：Y的形式书写，代表你需要上传多少东西才能下载。
Reg File - Tiny file that adds essential configuration details into the registry.
Reg档 - 可以导入资料进注册表的的小档。
Resume - The ability to stop and start downloading / uploading a file whenever you choose
without having to start from the beginning again.
续传 - 就是断线后可以载断的地方继续上传或下载，而不是重新开始整个过程。
Rip - Software that has had all the non-essential gubbins removed to reduce its size. Videos and
music are always the first casualties.
精简版 - 拿掉(rip)不必要部分(比如游戏的视频同音乐用户手册)的软件或游戏。
Raped - A release is branded with this term if it has been damaged beyond repair during the
ripping process.
“强奸” - 就是发布作品时对那个东西做了无法修补的损坏。
RM File - Shorthand for Real Media, a file format used to encode video sequences, which can only
be played back using the "Real Player". Video clips produced using this format are not of the
highest quality, but do have the advantage of a small file size.
RM档 - Realplayer的多媒体档。
ROM - Games which are designed for other platforms, but are played on the PC using an
emulator.
ROM - 在模拟器上使用的软件游戏。
Serial - A valid username and password that is saved as a basic text file and is used to register a
shareware program and therefore remove all the restrictions.
注册码 - 让软件成为完全版的一组数字或字串。
Shareware - Try before you buy software downloaded from the net.
共享软件 - 让你在购买之前试用的软件。
Spam - Unsolicited junk e-mail. Supposedly stands for "Stupid Person's Annoying Message".
Spam - 大量的垃圾电子邮件(不止只是指广告邮件)。
Sponsor - To make some money webmasters can place adverts on their sites. Each time you click
on these adverts or banners they get paid a few cents for bringing potential customers to the
sponsors website.
赞助者 - 以前网站是靠广告。现在不少论坛也用这个词来打动会员出资...........
Surfer Friendly (SF) - Surfer friendly sites supposedly have no blind links, pop-ups or porn
banners. Don't be fooled by this label though as some sites will tell you fibs to get you to visit
them.
Surfer Friendly - 标榜自己网站没有popups没有色情广告的。
Sys Op - The person who has the responsibility for running the computer from which an FTP site
has been established. When warez is uploaded to public FTP sites and then suddenly
goes "Missing In Action" you can often lay the blame at the door of the Sys Op who has an
obligation to make sure his/her server stays within the boundaries of the law (i.e. warez free).
Sys Op - 系统管理者, 多用来指FTP的管理者。
Top List - Chart which lists in rank order the best warez sites. Worked out on the basis of votes.
排行榜 - 靠网站参观者投票而得出的排行，大多数时候都是垃圾网站。
Trading - Swapping warez, file for file via FTP, ICQ etc. Not usually approved of by the real warez
community who believe that warez should be freely distributed. To put it simply, it is not
the "warez way".
交易 - 不是交流，是牟利性质(金钱)的交换。就是你给一样东西我才会给你一样东西。这样的行为是
完全与warez的精神背道而驰，为人所不耻。
庄子同学言：
你可以把这种 trade 当做现实生活中的 trade，只不过不用金钱来衡量，credits 在这里表示你对这
个 site 的付出多少，论坛上的积分也是同一个意思。说什么“网络上的东西都应该是 free 的，积
分/credits 违背了 warez 原则” 的人都是那些想不劳而获的人。一个完全 free 的没有规则的游戏不可
能存活到现在。 以上翻译是针对现有现像而发，于原文不同。
Trainer - A small, executable program which sits in your taskbar while you play a game. Hotkeys
are associated with cheat commands so that when they are pressed you are given extra ammo,
weapons, lives or the ability to toggle between invincible/mortal modes etc etc.
训练器 - 用来玩游戏时做弊的小程序。
Trojans - Nasty virus like attachments which can be merged with executable files. These are tiny
so are unlikely to arouse suspicion. When run they allow a hacker to access your computer and
wreak havoc. Can occasionally be found in warez files.
木马 - 木马屠城听过了吧，当你电脑中了木马病毒，你就准备.....
UBB - Shorthand for Ultimate Bulletin Board, currently the most popular script used for creating
warez bulletin boards.
UBB - Ultimate Bulletine Board的简写, ROR以前就一帮汉化UBB的人搞起来的。
UBB Hacks - This term falsely gives the impression that something destructive or malicious is
involved, but when you hear people talking about a hack in the context of bulletin boards they are
simply referring to code which helps to improve the functionality of a board. For example
a "thread hack" would effect the way in which individual threads look and operate.
UBB hacks - 修改ubb功能的短小代码。
Undeletable Pub - An anonymous access, public FTP site where the permission attributes are set
to allow uploads and downloads, but do not permit deletion.
无法删除的pub - 只让上传下载无法权除的匿名公众ftp
Unzip - Unpacking or decompressing many files that have been stored in a single archive.
Technically only used when talking about zip files.
解压 - 用软件解开压缩包。
Upload - Copying files from your computer to a web server or FTP site using a modem.
上传 - 从你的电脑通过网路复制资料到一个网站或ftp上。
URL - Stands for "Uniform Resource Locator". The web site address you type into your browser.
网址 - 在Internet的WWW服务程序上用于指定信息位置的表示方法
VCD - Stands for Video Compact Disc. Basically these are huge movie files which can be viewed
with the latest version of Media Player.
视频CD - 这个大家都熟悉了。
Voting - Members of the warez scene are very keen to reach the number one slot of top lists such
as Voodoo, Top 60 etc. and will therefore encourage you to vote for their site to improve their
position and get the credit they deserve (or not as the case may be!).
投票 - 排行榜相关的行为。
Warez - Full version software that is uploaded to the internet and is available for free download.
Warez - 上传到网路上让其它人免费下载的完全版软件。(现在那些直接间接收费站传播的还叫warez吗?)
Warez Board - Bulletin board used by the warez community to share links and discuss anything related to warez.
Warez论坛 - 以Warez为主题的论坛。
Winace - Another utility used for decompressing all the common archive formats. Not great in my
opinion. See below for a better one.
Winace - 一种压缩软件。 网站://www.winace.com
Winrar - Utility used for decompressing .rar files and much more. **EDITOR'S PICK**
Winrar - 一种非常受欢迎的压缩软件。 网站://www.rarlab.com
Winzip - An essential tool used to decompress warez files.
Winzip - 比较普遍的一种压缩软件。 网站://www.winzip.com
Zip - A common compression format used to store warez.
Zip档 - 压缩档。
Warez FAQ中英对照版
虽然这个FAQ有点旧~~大部分资料还是准确的....
个人觉得论坛上很多问题是对warez的宗旨误解曲解而造成~~请着重看红色的部分
~~
希望对大家以及论坛的运作上有帮助....
原文@hxxp://www.imaginers.com/iw/FAQ/definitions.html
中文翻译: BMan@ROR
原文来自网路，不代表本论坛立场
请大家指出错漏的地方
0-Day - Latest software releases.
0-Day - 最新的已破解或注册的完全版软件,取意在软件发布当天就已破解或可以
注册使用。
0-Sec - Same as above, although the period of time between ripping a
game or application and it
appearing on a warez site is even shorter.
0-Sec - 这个意思是说。一个 release gourp 在某一个/几个 site (affill
site)上发布(pre)一个他们的软件，在几秒内这个新的发布就被 trader 传到了其
它 topsite 上，0sec 指散播的速度。
Ace File - The first file in a series of compressed archives (the one
you double click on to
decompress all the files at once).
Ace档 - Winace压缩的的档。 program://www.winace.com
Active List - Similar to a mailing list, but uses ICQ to send instant
messages to subscribers.
活动列表 - ICQ上类似新闻列表的功能，而已群体通知注册的成员。
Alpha - Software receives this label when it is in the very early stages
of development. Usually
full of bugs, so don't touch it with a barge pole.
阿尔法版 - 软件开发初期的的版本，很多虫。
Anti-Leech - A system which uses cgi scripts to prevent people
stealing links and then taking the
credit for uploading the files.
一个CGI脚本系统，用来防止别人盗连并“据为己有”。http站流行时的产物。
(ROR论坛不
接受linkz的原因的主证之一)
Appz - Short for applications. For example Flash 5 or GoLie 5.5.
Appz - 应用软件的缩写。
ASF File - The worst quality movie file format (still pretty good
though), much smaller in size than
dat or mpg.
ASF档 - M$的烂东西。
Banner Site - Password and username restricted FTP site. To get the
correct login details you
must click on several banners.
横幅网站 - 需要按广告索取密码的ftp网站。
Beta - Refers to an almost finished piece of software that is released
to the public for bug testing.
贝塔版 - 开发将要完毕，让公众测试的版本。
BSA - An acronym for Business Software Alliance, an organisation who are
responsible for
enforcing anti-piracy litigation. Similar groups in charge of
controlling software "theft" include the
SIIA, SPA and ELSPA.
BSA - 商业软件联盟的简称。同类组织有SIIA, SPA以及ELSPA。
BSOD - Many people read about BSODs on bulletin boards and think that
they're being insulted,
but there is no need to get paranoid. It is actually an acronym for
"Blue Screen Of Death". These
can occur for a multitude of reasons (old Bill likes to keep us
guessing!) and are the bane of PC
user's lives.
BSOD - 死亡蓝屏的简称。
Bulletin Board - A virtual meeting place on the web similar to a chat
room except that it isn't in real
time. One person leaves a message then others come along, read it and
add a reply. Each new
discussion is called a new topic or thread and has it's own link.
Whenever a new topic is created
the older topics are pushed one place downwards in the list. When
someone replies to an older
topic it is brought back to the top of the list.
电子公告栏 - 论坛(forum)发展起来之前的交流方式之一。现在各大院校仍在使用
中。
C?? File - File extension that indicates that a file is part of an .
ace or .rar series of compressed files.
C??档 - Winace或WinRAR压缩档的副档名。
Cgi Scripts - These are referrers which are used in url￡r. When you
click on a link with
a ?cgi reference you are directed to a sponsor￡r website or an
anti-leech protected file.
公共网关接口脚本 - http网站使用的一种程序。
Cookie - A tiny text file (usually less than 1kb), which is stored on
your hard drive when you visit
a web site. These are used to remember who you are so that you can
access members only areas
on the site without having to type in a password every time or to retain
your personalised settings
so that they are available the next time you visit.
“饼干”- 用来记录网站使用者的资料的细小文档。
Courier - Someone who is involved in the logistics of delivering new
releases directly from the
release groups themselves to FTP sites.
传送者 - Courier = Trader，在 IRC/FTP 里面盯着别的 group 最新的 release
，再抢着把这些 release
传到其它 topsite 去。这些人很辛苦的，当然用脚本来做的是另一回事。
Crack - A tiny executable file that is used to transform a shareware
program into the full version.
Also used to remove any copy protection from the main executable of
games (this will already
have been done in "ripped" warez games).
破解 - 移除软件拷贝保护。
CRC Error - These can occur when you try to decompress a file that has
become corrupt during
the downloading process, usually as a result of too much resuming.
CRC错误 - 压缩档下载因各种原因而造成错误，解压时就会看到CRC错误的讯息。
Credits - The amount of data you are permitted to download from a
ratio site. The more credits
you have the more software you are allowed to download.
信用 - 一般用在 FTP 上而不是网站上，论坛上的积分只是个类似的概念但不等于
credit。credit 的
换算完全自动
DAP - A quick way of referring to "Download Accelerator Plus", a free
download manager that
claims to speed up file transfers by up to three hundred per cent. It
works by making multiple
connections to the same file and is paid for by revolving advertising
banners.Also supports
resume. **EDITOR'S PICK**
DAP - 下载软件Download Accelerator Plus的简称。
DAT File - File format used for movies, identical in quality and size to
mpg as far as I can tell.
DAT档 - mpg电影档，常见于VCD中。
DC - The lazy way of referring to the Dreamcast, Sega's latest console
incarnation.
DC - 世嘉游戏机Dreamcast的简称。
Decompression - Unpacking many files that have been stored in a single
archive.
解压 - 把压缩了的档解开。
Distro - A concise means of referring to a distribution FTP site.
These are huge storage areas
which act as a springboard for the transfer of new releases. Their
whereabouts are never public
disclosed to aid their survival rate. You can think of them as the
initial source from which warez
emanates.
分发中心 - 不公开的ftp，用来向pub上面发布的资源。
Direct Downloads - Links to actual files rather than other warez sites
or pages. These are usually
gathered together from many different sites and put on one page for your
convenience.
直接下载 - 指从别的站搜索来的连接，在自己的网页上贴出。不管初衷是什么，
被视为盗连的一种。
DivX - Movies ripped from a DVD using the DivX video codecs. Can be
played back using Media
Player.
DivX - 从DVD上抽出，用DivX 视频编解码制作的电影。
DIZ File - Short for description. Very brief text file found in warez
archives stating the title of
the software, the number of files that makes up the set and the group
who released it.
DiZ档 - DIZ是英文描述的简写。顾名思义，用来记录介绍发布品的相关资料。
Download (or DL) - Copying files from a web server or FTP site to your
computer using a modem.
下载 - 这个就自己去体会吧.....
Emulator - An application that simulates another computer system or
console using your PC.
模拟器 - 一个用来在个人电脑上模拟其它系统或硬件功能的软件。
FAQ - Stands for Frequently Asked Questions.
FAQ - 常问问题的简写。
FAW - Abbreviation for "Files Anywhere", a popular, free web storage
service.
FAW - Files Anywhere的简写，一个过气的网络硬碟站。网站://www.
filesanywhere.com/
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) - The method used to transfer files from
one computer to another
using a modem.
文件传送协议 - 是Internet上跨越任何平台(platform) 传输文件的标准TCP/IP协
议
Flaming - A general net term for "verbally" attacking someone. This
can be done via email,
bulletin board, chat room or any medium which involves communication
across the web.
"燎" - 用语言来攻击别人,论坛上的口水战发展成人身攻击。
Freedrive - Virtual hard drive storage area on the web. Free to join and
anything and everything
can be uploaded or downloaded.
Freedrive - 曾经完全免费的网路硬碟。 网站://www.freedrive.com/
Freeware - Unrestricted software that is downloaded from the net and
is completely free to use.
Often paid for using advertising.
免费软件 - 完全免费的软件，不是广告软件列入flashget.
FTP Client / Browser - A program used to access, upload and download
data from FTP sites.
Ftp客户端/流览器 - 用来进入FTP上传下载的软件。
Fxp - The art of transferring data from one Ftp site to another using
the connection speed of the
slower of the two computers.
FXP - 在两ftp服务器之间直接传送资料。
Gamez - Pretty self-explanatory this one.
Gamez - 破解或注册了的完全版游戏。
Getright - One of the best download managers available.
Getright - 下载管理软件。
Gold - A piece of software is said to have gone gold when the final
version is complete and it is
ready to ship to the public.
金版 - 就是准备发售的最终开发版软件。
Gozilla - Another excellent download manager.
Gozilla - 另一个下载管理软件。
Hacking - Gaining access to a remote computer without the
authorisation to do so. Usually for the
purposes of stealing confidential information or the malicious
destruction of data.
黑(骇) - hacking的原意同破坏无关，只是一种“玩”。现在这个词是贬义，用来
描述非法进入别人系
统做非法的事。
Hammering - Repeatedly trying to access an FTP site using an FTP
client or download manager.
撞击 - 重复快速地尝试登入一个ftp. 很多ftp都设置了对hammer的人自动ban.
HTTP - Stands for "Hypertext Transfer Protocol". The method you use to
view a web page.
Always comes before the address of a website in your Url bar.
HTTP - 超文本传输协议，网页传输的协议。
ICQ - Derives from the term "I Seek You" and is used for real time chat and transferring files over the internet.
ICQ - I Seek You的简写，一个国外非常受欢迎的网上传呼器。
IP Address - A series of numbers separated by dots used to identify your computer on the Internet.
IP址 - 网路协议地址, 网路上用来代表网站地址的一串数字。
IRC - Stands for "Instant Relay Chat". Used for real time chat and transferring files over the Internet.
IRC - Instant Relay Chat的缩写, 可以用来实时聊天和传送资料。
大家来ROR IRC支持#music
ISO - An exact copy of an original CD, all the multimedia bits and pieces are uncut and therefore
they are extremely large and awkward to download.
ISO - ISO有多重意思。Warez里指的是CD的影像。
Java - Html scripts used to add functionality to or bring web pages alive. These include animation
(such as the title graphic on my main page), menus, chat rooms, buttons, pop ups and so on.
Java - 网路上常用的程序语言。
Key Generator - A tiny executable program that is capable of creating a serial number from a
specified username. These are specific to particular applications or utilities, so a serial number
created with one key generator will only work for the program for which the key generator was
developed.
注册机 - 生成注册码的小程式。
Lamer - An annoying and overused general derogatory term used to insult/put down anyone and
everything.
Lamer - 烂人，没用的人。常用来指那些不知道规矩或明知故犯的人。
Leeching - Downloading files without giving anything back in return or copying other people￡r links.
"吸血”--只会下载不会回馈的行为
Mirror - An exact copy of a web site that is stored on a different server. Using multiple locations
for warez样sites allows the site to be accessed using a different address if the main site is deleted.
镜子-置放在不同服务器上同样内容的东西，主要目的是为了防止一个地点被(deleters or site op)删除后
仍然有地方下载
Modchip - Very common website sponsor found on warez sites. They don￡s mind their
banners being used on illegal software sites because their products are one of the ￥Crey
areas?of the law. Modchips are small pieces of electronic circuitry which allow copied games to be
played on your Playstation. If a Playstation has been fitted with a Modchip it is said to have
been "chipped".
俗称 ”直读芯片“ 通常原装的 PS/PS2,XBOX 游戏机只能读取正版的游戏碟MODCHIP 就是加装、改装
在游戏机主板上，让游戏机跳过正版碟那个检测， 直接玩D版游戏(多谢marquee同学提供精彩解说)
MP3 File - Compressed music file format. Average track size is between 3 and 4 meg compared to
40-ish meg in wav format.
mp3档 - 要知道什么是mp3档？请来ROR IRC的#music
MPG File - The best quality and largest movie file format.
MPG档 - 电影档的一种。
Multi Web Space Faker - A tool used to create lots of free web space accounts simultaneously.
多网站免费空间账号生成器 - 又一个网路泡沫时代的warez界利器。
Name Zero - An organisation that offers free website domain names. The main drawbacks are
that you have to put up with a very bulky banner residing at the bottom of your page and the fact
that you never actually own your chosen address.
Name Zero - 曾几何时是免费的域名提供者。网站://www.namezero.com/
NFO File - Short for info or information. Basic text file containing all the important details relating
to a particular release, such as number of files, release date, copy protection system, installation
instructions etc.
NFO档 - nfo是information的缩写,里面带有所有相关重要的讯息，例如破解使用方法，注册码。
Nuked - A release is said to be nuked if it is completely unplayable. Usually when this happens
another group re-releases the particular game, although fixes do sometimes follow on to rescue
the game from trash can.
Nuked - 因为发布作品存在问题而被“灭"掉，别的小组就可以重新发布同一个东西。
不好的不符合规则的 release，不一定是破解不成功。size 太大，两个版本发布时间小于 14 天，非英语
release，bookware 都可能被 nuke。各个 site 的规矩不尽相同。
OEM - An acronym for Original Equipment Manufacturer. OEM software products are repackaged
versions of the full retail product. They are often re-branded to suit the needs of the particular
vender and are much more reasonable priced because they lack excessive packaging and a hard
copy of the manual.
OEM - 其实，OEM与现代工业社会有着密切的关系。一些著名的品牌商品制造商，常常因为自己的
厂房不能达到大批量生产的要求，又或者需要某些特定的零件，因此向其他厂商求助。 这些伸出援
手的厂商就被称为OEM(Original Equipment Manufacturer，原始设备生产商)。如将之引申到IT领域
的话，则表示那些进行代工的生产商。例如CPU风扇，Intel或AMD公司本身并不生产，它们通常会
找像日本三洋公司这样的专业电机制造企业作风扇OEM生产。(节载自某个网站)
OST - Not strictly a warez term this one, but one that you are likely to come across while
searching for MP3 music. It stands for original soundtrack (movie music).
OST - 原声大碟. ROR IRC的#Music与音乐版经常提供精彩的原声大碟。
Patch - We all know games and applications aren't perfect. When they are released we would
hope that they have been thoroughly tested for bugs and incompatibility problems, but you
can guarantee that many of these will still slip through the quality control net. Once
the program is released to the general public, the bug reports start to flood in. A patch
is a downloadable executive file which takes these reports into account and attempts to
incorporate all the fixes for these known problems. A patch can resolve incompatibility
problems, prevent crashes or improve the performance of a piece of software.
补丁 - 补什么？当然是捕虫也。M$的软件虫多，别家的软件游戏的虫也不少，有虫就要找杀虫
圣手帕伽先生，包你...
有时候有人也叫那些让软件变完全版的小程式为patch.
Piracy - The replication and distribution of videos or computer software.
盗版 - 字典上说是未经授权而使用或复制他人作品。
Pop-ups - Irritating browser windows that open automatically when you visit a warez site. Usually
contain voting portals or porn sites.
突然出现的广告 - 大家都烦这个，就不多说了。 btw，Netcaptor挡popups的功能不错。
Port - A port is a term used when referring to FTP sites and is an essential extension of the
address used to access them. If the port number of an FTP site isn't specified the default setting of
21 will automatically be used.
端口 - 除了前门后门，一个服务器上还有不少其它的门，每一扇门就是一个端口。
Pron - A long time ago in a galaxy far, far away someone posted a request for porn on a bulletin
board, only, because of a typing error what he ended up asking for was "pron". Since then this
has become a bit of a running joke and so it is now deliberately misspelt.
Pron - 据说当年某位人兄问朋友要诱人的pp,谁知道打成乒乓。结果大球没有却得了两个白色的小
球。没啦，那是我编的，只是打错字把xorn打成xron而已。
Proxy - A third party server which acts as an anonymous go between whenever you request a
web page or contact a remote server. The message from your computer is first sent through the
proxy server before being relayed to the final destination so that it appears as though the request
has come from the IP address of the proxy server rather than you. Used when you wish to
maintain your privacy on the net or speed up your connection (much more detailed info on this
subject in the "more tips" section).
代理 - 代理服务器是介于浏览器和Web服务器之间的一台服务器，有了它之后，浏览器不是直
接到Web服务器去取回网页而是向代理服务器发出请求，Request信号会先送到代理服务器，由代理
服务器来取回浏览器所需要的信息并传送给你的浏览器。而且，大部分代理服务器都具有缓冲的功
能，就好象一个大的Cache，它有很大的存储空间，它不断将新取得数据储存到它本机的存储器上，
如果浏览器所请求的数据在它本机的存储器上已经存在而且是最新的，那么它就不重新从Web服务
器取数据，而直接将存储器上的数据传送给用户的浏览器，这样就能显著提高浏览速度和效率（速
度会随着代理服务器地理位置的不同以及网络传输情况而改变），而且国外的网络大部分都是没有
限制访问网站或者所限制的不同，所以我们有很大的机会通过代理服务器去访问那些原本不能够去
的网站。更重要的是：Proxy Server (代理服务器)是 Internet链路级网关所提供的一种重要的安全功
能，它的工作主要在开放系统互联 (OSI) 模型的对话层。 (节选自某中文网站)
Psx - A quick way of referring to the Sony Playstation.
PSX - Sony Playstation的简写。
Pub - A free for all FTP site where anonymous access is permitted.
公众ftp - 一个对所有人都开放的匿名服务器.(所有人是指pub主人选择开放的对象)
Pub Scanner - Someone who scours the net for anonymous access FTP sites which permit the
creation and deletion of files. These are then exploited by uploading software for others to share.
扫pub者 - 就是用软件扫瞄匿名FTP服务器的人。扫瞄在大多数国家都是不合法的，要是你不知道在
做什么，不要去乱扫。
Pub Stealer - Someone who posts the IP address of a public FTP site which they themselves have
not built. Some pub stealers justify this by claiming that the elitism of private FXP groups
discriminates against those people who do not have access, yet others simply post other people's
work to try to claim the credit for themselves. Either way though, pub stealers are despised by the
FXP groups and praised by those who would otherwise not have access to them.
Pub贼 - 顾名思义，不是自己的pub(不拥有也没出力建立)却拿出来”分享“了。是被人唾弃的人种(?)。
Rar File - The first file in a series of compressed archives (the one you double click on to
decompress all the files at once). Usually decompressed using a program called Winrar.
RAR档 - Winrar压缩出来的档。
Release Groups - A group of people who are involved in cracking and / or ripping software and
then repackaging it into easily downloadable segments.
发布小组 - 一些因为兴趣而聚在一起的小组，warez的原提供者。
Ratio - Two numbers separated by a semi-colon. Indicates how much data you must upload to an
FTP site before you are permitted to download anything.
比率 - 平常以X：Y的形式书写，代表你需要上传多少东西才能下载。
Reg File - Tiny file that adds essential configuration details into the registry.
Reg档 - 可以导入资料进注册表的的小档。
Resume - The ability to stop and start downloading / uploading a file whenever you choose
without having to start from the beginning again.
续传 - 就是断线后可以载断的地方继续上传或下载，而不是重新开始整个过程。
Rip - Software that has had all the non-essential gubbins removed to reduce its size. Videos and
music are always the first casualties.
精简版 - 拿掉(rip)不必要部分(比如游戏的视频同音乐用户手册)的软件或游戏。
Raped - A release is branded with this term if it has been damaged beyond repair during the
ripping process.
“强奸” - 就是发布作品时对那个东西做了无法修补的损坏。
RM File - Shorthand for Real Media, a file format used to encode video sequences, which can only
be played back using the "Real Player". Video clips produced using this format are not of the
highest quality, but do have the advantage of a small file size.
RM档 - Realplayer的多媒体档。
ROM - Games which are designed for other platforms, but are played on the PC using an
emulator.
ROM - 在模拟器上使用的软件游戏。
Serial - A valid username and password that is saved as a basic text file and is used to register a
shareware program and therefore remove all the restrictions.
注册码 - 让软件成为完全版的一组数字或字串。
Shareware - Try before you buy software downloaded from the net.
共享软件 - 让你在购买之前试用的软件。
Spam - Unsolicited junk e-mail. Supposedly stands for "Stupid Person's Annoying Message".
Spam - 大量的垃圾电子邮件(不止只是指广告邮件)。
Sponsor - To make some money webmasters can place adverts on their sites. Each time you click
on these adverts or banners they get paid a few cents for bringing potential customers to the
sponsors website.
赞助者 - 以前网站是靠广告。现在不少论坛也用这个词来打动会员出资...........
Surfer Friendly (SF) - Surfer friendly sites supposedly have no blind links, pop-ups or porn
banners. Don't be fooled by this label though as some sites will tell you fibs to get you to visit
them.
Surfer Friendly - 标榜自己网站没有popups没有色情广告的。
Sys Op - The person who has the responsibility for running the computer from which an FTP site
has been established. When warez is uploaded to public FTP sites and then suddenly
goes "Missing In Action" you can often lay the blame at the door of the Sys Op who has an
obligation to make sure his/her server stays within the boundaries of the law (i.e. warez free).
Sys Op - 系统管理者, 多用来指FTP的管理者。
Top List - Chart which lists in rank order the best warez sites. Worked out on the basis of votes.
排行榜 - 靠网站参观者投票而得出的排行，大多数时候都是垃圾网站。
Trading - Swapping warez, file for file via FTP, ICQ etc. Not usually approved of by the real warez
community who believe that warez should be freely distributed. To put it simply, it is not
the "warez way".
交易 - 不是交流，是牟利性质(金钱)的交换。就是你给一样东西我才会给你一样东西。这样的行为是
完全与warez的精神背道而驰，为人所不耻。
庄子同学言：
你可以把这种 trade 当做现实生活中的 trade，只不过不用金钱来衡量，credits 在这里表示你对这
个 site 的付出多少，论坛上的积分也是同一个意思。说什么“网络上的东西都应该是 free 的，积
分/credits 违背了 warez 原则” 的人都是那些想不劳而获的人。一个完全 free 的没有规则的游戏不可
能存活到现在。 以上翻译是针对现有现像而发，于原文不同。
Trainer - A small, executable program which sits in your taskbar while you play a game. Hotkeys
are associated with cheat commands so that when they are pressed you are given extra ammo,
weapons, lives or the ability to toggle between invincible/mortal modes etc etc.
训练器 - 用来玩游戏时做弊的小程序。
Trojans - Nasty virus like attachments which can be merged with executable files. These are tiny
so are unlikely to arouse suspicion. When run they allow a hacker to access your computer and
wreak havoc. Can occasionally be found in warez files.
木马 - 木马屠城听过了吧，当你电脑中了木马病毒，你就准备.....
UBB - Shorthand for Ultimate Bulletin Board, currently the most popular script used for creating
warez bulletin boards.
UBB - Ultimate Bulletine Board的简写, ROR以前就一帮汉化UBB的人搞起来的。
UBB Hacks - This term falsely gives the impression that something destructive or malicious is
involved, but when you hear people talking about a hack in the context of bulletin boards they are
simply referring to code which helps to improve the functionality of a board. For example
a "thread hack" would effect the way in which individual threads look and operate.
UBB hacks - 修改ubb功能的短小代码。
Undeletable Pub - An anonymous access, public FTP site where the permission attributes are set
to allow uploads and downloads, but do not permit deletion.
无法删除的pub - 只让上传下载无法权除的匿名公众ftp
Unzip - Unpacking or decompressing many files that have been stored in a single archive.
Technically only used when talking about zip files.
解压 - 用软件解开压缩包。
Upload - Copying files from your computer to a web server or FTP site using a modem.
上传 - 从你的电脑通过网路复制资料到一个网站或ftp上。
URL - Stands for "Uniform Resource Locator". The web site address you type into your browser.
网址 - 在Internet的WWW服务程序上用于指定信息位置的表示方法
VCD - Stands for Video Compact Disc. Basically these are huge movie files which can be viewed
with the latest version of Media Player.
视频CD - 这个大家都熟悉了。
Voting - Members of the warez scene are very keen to reach the number one slot of top lists such
as Voodoo, Top 60 etc. and will therefore encourage you to vote for their site to improve their
position and get the credit they deserve (or not as the case may be!).
投票 - 排行榜相关的行为。
Warez - Full version software that is uploaded to the internet and is available for free download.
Warez - 上传到网路上让其它人免费下载的完全版软件。(现在那些直接间接收费站传播的还叫warez吗?)
Warez Board - Bulletin board used by the warez community to share links and discuss anything related to warez.
Warez论坛 - 以Warez为主题的论坛。
Winace - Another utility used for decompressing all the common archive formats. Not great in my
opinion. See below for a better one.
Winace - 一种压缩软件。 网站://www.winace.com
Winrar - Utility used for decompressing .rar files and much more. **EDITOR'S PICK**
Winrar - 一种非常受欢迎的压缩软件。 网站://www.rarlab.com
Winzip - An essential tool used to decompress warez files.
Winzip - 比较普遍的一种压缩软件。 网站://www.winzip.com
Zip - A common compression format used to store warez.
Zip档 - 压缩档。