整合之道--Spring4整合Hibernate5
Spring与Hiberante整合
通过Hibernate的学习，我们知道，hibernate主要在hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件中
接下来我们看一下hibernate的一个配置文件
hibernate配置文件
hibernate.cfg.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 指定连接数据库所用的驱动 -->
<property name="connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<!-- 指定连接数据库的url，其中hibernate是本应用连接的数据库名 -->
<property name="connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/hibernate_test</property>
<!-- 指定连接数据库的用户名 -->
<property name="connection.username">root</property>
<!-- 指定连接数据库的密码 -->
<property name="connection.password">cheng</property>
<!-- 指定连接池里最大连接数 -->
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_size">20</property>
<!-- 指定连接池里最小连接数 -->
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.min_size">1</property>
<!-- 指定连接池里连接的超时时长 -->
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.timeout">5000</property>
<!-- 指定连接池里最大缓存多少个Statement对象 -->
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.max_statements">100</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.idle_test_period">3000</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.acquire_increment">2</property>
<property name="hibernate.c3p0.validate">true</property>
<!-- 指定数据库方言 -->
<property name="dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5InnoDBDialect</property>
<!-- 根据需要自动创建数据表 -->
<property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property><!--①-->
<!-- 显示Hibernate持久化操作所生成的SQL -->
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<!-- 将SQL脚本进行格式化后再输出 -->
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<!-- 避免这个错误信息Disabling contextual LOB creation as createClob() method threw error :java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException -->
<property name="hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults">false</property>
<!-- 罗列所有持久化类的类名 -->
<mapping class="com.wechat.entity.po.User"/>
<mapping class="com.wechat.entity.po.Person"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
配置文件的作用
hibernate.cfg.xml文件的主要作用就是配置了一个session-factory
在session-factory中主要通过property配置一些数据库的连接信息，我们知道，Spring通常会将这种数据库连接用dataSource来表示，这样一来，hibernate.cfg.xml文件中的所有跟数据库连接的都可以干掉了，直接用spring的dataSource，而dataSource也可以用c3p0、dbcp等。
在session-factory中通过property除了配置一些数据库的连接信息之外，还有一些hibernate的配置，比如方言、自动创建表机制、格式化sql等，这些信息也需要配置起来。
还有最关键的一个持久化类所在路径的配置
当不采用spring整合的时候，我们使用hibernate时主要是用hibernate从sessionFactory中去的session，然后用session来操作持久化对象，而sessionFactory来自于配置文件。像下面这样：
StandardServiceRegistry registry = null;
SessionFactory sessionFactory = null;
Session session = null;
Transaction transaction = null;
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
@Before
public void init() {
registry = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder()
.configure() // configures settings from hibernate.cfg.xml
.build();
sessionFactory = new MetadataSources( registry ).buildMetadata().buildSessionFactory();
session = sessionFactory.openSession();
//开始事务
transaction = session.getTransaction();
transaction.begin();
}
@Test
public void testSaveUser() {
User user = new User();
user.setUsername("张学友");
user.setPassword("jacky");
user.setRegistDate(sdf.format(new Date()));
File file = new File("D:"+File.separator+"ubuntu.png");
String fileName = file.getName();
String prefix=fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".")+1);
System.out.println(prefix);
InputStream input = null;
try {
input = new FileInputStream(file);
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Blob image = null;
try {
image = Hibernate.getLobCreator(session).createBlob(input,input.available());
} catch (IOException e) {
// TODO Auto-generated catch block
e.printStackTrace();
}
user.setUserPic(image);
session.save(user);
}
@After
public void destroy(){
transaction.commit();
session.close();
sessionFactory.close();
StandardServiceRegistryBuilder.destroy( registry );
}Spring对hibernate的整合就是将上述三点通过spring配置起来，而hibernate最关键的sessionFactroy就是spring的一个bean
这些理解了整合就简单了，
SessionFactoryBean
spring的sessionFactroy像下面这样配置：
<!-- 加载配置文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" file-encoding="utf-8" ignore-unresolvable="true" />
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="packagesToScan">
<list>
<!-- 可以加多个包 -->
<value>com.wechat.entity.po</value>
</list>
</property>
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">${hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.temp.use_jdbc_metadata_defaults">false</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>通过bean的配置可以看出该bean就是hibernate的sessionFactroy
因为它指向了org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean
在这个bean中主要配置了上面说的三点：
- 数据源dataSource
- hibernate的配置，包括方言，输出sql等
- 持久化类的位置，通过包进行扫描
下面给出数据源dataSource的配置
dataSource
<!-- 配置数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource" destroy-method="close" p:driverClass="${jdbc.driverClassName}" p:jdbcUrl="${jdbc.url}" p:user="${jdbc.username}" p:password="${jdbc.password}" p:testConnectionOnCheckout="${jdbc.c3p0.testConnectionOnCheckout}" p:testConnectionOnCheckin="${jdbc.c3p0.testConnectionOnCheckin}" p:idleConnectionTestPeriod="${jdbc.c3p0.idleConnectionTestPeriod}" p:initialPoolSize="${jdbc.c3p0.initialPoolSize}" p:minPoolSize="${jdbc.c3p0.minPoolSize}" p:maxPoolSize="${jdbc.c3p0.maxPoolSize}" p:maxIdleTime="${jdbc.c3p0.maxIdleTime}" />还有数据库的连接信息
jdbc.properties
#-----------------------------------------------------
# 数据库配置
#-----------------------------------------------------
#服务器地址
host=127.0.0.1
jdbc.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://${host}:3306/hibernate_test
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=cheng
#-----------------------------------------------------
# 适用于c3p0的配置
#-----------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------
# c3p0反空闲设置，防止8小时失效问题28800
#-----------------------------------------------------
#idleConnectionTestPeriod要小于MySQL的wait_timeout
jdbc.c3p0.testConnectionOnCheckout=false
jdbc.c3p0.testConnectionOnCheckin=true
jdbc.c3p0.idleConnectionTestPeriod=3600
#-----------------------------------------------------
# c3p0连接池配置
#-----------------------------------------------------
#initialPoolSize, minPoolSize, maxPoolSize define the number of Connections that will be pooled.
#Please ensure that minPoolSize <= maxPoolSize.
#Unreasonable values of initialPoolSize will be ignored, and minPoolSize will be used instead.
jdbc.c3p0.initialPoolSize=10
jdbc.c3p0.minPoolSize=10
jdbc.c3p0.maxPoolSize=100
#maxIdleTime defines how many seconds a Connection should be permitted to go unused before being culled from the pool.
jdbc.c3p0.maxIdleTime=3600
#-----------------------------------------------------
# hibernate连接池配置
#-----------------------------------------------------
hibernate.connection.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
hibernate.connection.url=jdbc:mysql://${host}:3306/${dbName}
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
hibernate.show_sql=true
hibernate.format_sql=true
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=update配置完这些还有spring强大的事务管理
<!-- 配置Hibernate事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置事务异常封装 -->
<bean id="persistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" class="org.springframework.dao.annotation.PersistenceExceptionTranslationPostProcessor" />
<!-- 基于数据源的事务管理器 -->
<!-- <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager" p:dataSource-ref="dataSource" /> -->
<!-- 配合<tx:advice>和<aop:advisor>完成了事务切面的定义 -->
<!-- 使用强大的切点表达式是语言轻松定义目标方法 -->
<aop:config proxy-target-class="true">
<!-- 通过aop定义事务增强切面 -->
<aop:pointcut expression=" execution(* com.wechat.service..*(..))" id="serviceMethod" />
<!-- 引用事务增强 -->
<aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="serviceMethod" />
</aop:config>
<!-- 事务增强 -->
<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager">
<!-- 事务属性定义 -->
<tx:attributes>
<tx:method name="*" />
</tx:attributes>
</tx:advice>好了，这些配置好之后就可以使用在spring中配置的sessionFactroy了
UserDao
package com.wechat.dao;
import java.util.List;
import com.wechat.entity.po.User;
public interface UserDao {
// 得到所有用户
public List<User> getAllUser();
// 检测用户名是否存在
public boolean isExists(String username);
}
实现类
package com.wechat.dao.impl;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.wechat.dao.UserDao;
import com.wechat.entity.po.User;
@Repository
public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {
//注入sessionFactory
@Autowired
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@Override
public List<User> getAllUser() {
List<User> userList = new ArrayList<User>();
String hsql="from User";
Session session = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
Query query = session.createQuery(hsql);
userList = query.list();
return userList;
}
@Override
public boolean isExists(String username) {
Query query = sessionFactory.openSession()
.createQuery("from User u where u.username = :username").setParameter("username", username);
System.out.println(query.list().size());
return query.list().size()>0?true:false;
}
}
UserService
package com.wechat.service.user;
import java.util.List;
import com.wechat.entity.po.User;
public interface UserService {
public List<User> getAllUser();
public boolean isExists(String username);
}
实现类
package com.wechat.service.user.impl;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import com.wechat.dao.UserDao;
import com.wechat.entity.po.User;
import com.wechat.service.user.UserService;
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserDao userDao;
@Override
public List<User> getAllUser() {
return userDao.getAllUser();
}
@Override
@Cacheable(cacheNames="isExists", key="#username")
public boolean isExists(String username) {
return userDao.isExists(username);
}
}
因为事务管理是配置在service层，所以用service来测试
测试
package com.wechat.dao;
import java.util.List;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import com.wechat.entity.po.User;
import com.wechat.service.user.UserService;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(locations = { "classpath:spring/spring-core.xml" })
public class UserServiceTest {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@Test
public void test() {
List<User> userList = userService.getAllUser();
for(User user:userList){
System.out.println(user.getUsername());
}
}
}
输入结果
Hibernate:
select
user0_.userid as userid1_2_,
user0_.password as password2_2_,
user0_.registDate as registDa3_2_,
user0_.userPic as userPic4_2_,
user0_.username as username5_2_
from
user_info user0_
程高伟
张学友
数据库表
好了Spring整合hibernate就写到这里。
项目地址
https://github.com/peer44/testwechat