openjpeg:jpeg2000(j2k)图像内存解压缩(解码)

我的上一篇博客《openjpeg:jpeg2000(j2k)图像内存压缩编码》详细讲述了调用openjpeg实现jpeg2000(j2k)图像的内存压缩过程。本文讲述如何调用openjpeg来将jpeg2000格式的内存图像数据解码。

因为有了《jpeg2000(j2k)图像编码解码:c++实现openjpeg内存流接口(memory stream)》实现的内存流接口，解压缩过程相对就比较简单了。

以下是jpeg2000内存解码的实现代码

代码中用到的opj_stream_interface,opj_stream_mem_input都在《jpeg2000(j2k)图像编码解码:c++实现openjpeg内存流接口(memory stream)》一文中实现。raii_var,raii对象在更早的《C++11实现模板化(通用化)RAII机制》文中实现。
info_callback,warning_callback,error_callback这三个用于解码过程中错误处理的函数在也在《openjpeg:jpeg2000(j2k)图像内存压缩编码》中有实现

// 表达式判断为true抛出invalid_argument异常
#define throw_if(expression,msg) \
    if(expression)\
        throw std::invalid_argument(std::string(__FILE__).append(" line:" + __LINE__).append(msg));
// 表达式判断为true抛出指定的except异常 
#define throw_except_if(except,expression,msg) \
    if(expression)\
        throw except(std::string(__FILE__).append(" line:" + __LINE__).append(msg));
#define throw_except_if_null(except,p) throw_except_if(except,nullptr==p,#p" is null")
#define throw_if_null(p) throw_if(nullptr==p,#p" is null")

/* 从流对象(opj_stream_interface)中根据parameters提供的解码参数解码jpeg2000图像 * 返回 opj_image_t,出错则抛出opj_exception异常 */
opj_image_t* load_j2k(opj_stream_interface& src, opj_dparameters_t& parameters) {
    opj_image_t* image = nullptr; /* Handle to a image */
    opj_codec_t* l_codec = nullptr; /* Handle to a decompressor */
    // 创建stream对象
    auto l_stream = opj_stream_create_default_si(src); /* Stream */
    auto decompress_ok = false;
    // RAII资源对象，对象析构时自动释放资源
    gdface::raii guard([&]() {
        /* close and free the byte stream */
        opj_stream_destroy(l_stream);
        /* free remaining compression structures */
        opj_destroy_codec(l_codec);
        if (!decompress_ok) {
            opj_image_destroy(image);
            image = nullptr;
        }
    });
    /* decode the JPEG2000 stream */
    /* ---------------------- */
    switch (parameters.decod_format) {
    case OPJ_CODEC_J2K: /* JPEG-2000 codestream */
    case OPJ_CODEC_JP2: /* JPEG 2000 compressed image data */
    case OPJ_CODEC_JPT: /* JPEG 2000, JPIP */
    {
        /* Get a decoder handle */
        l_codec = opj_create_decompress((OPJ_CODEC_FORMAT) parameters.decod_format);
        break;
    }
    default:
        throw opj_exception(string(__FILE__).append(" line:" + __LINE__).append("invalid decod_format"));
    }
    /* 设信息/警告/错误处理函数 */
    opj_set_info_handler(l_codec, info_callback, 00);
    opj_set_warning_handler(l_codec, warning_callback, 00);
    opj_set_error_handler(l_codec, error_callback, 00);
    /* 根据opj_dparameters_t参数对象设置解码器的解码参数 */
    if (!opj_setup_decoder(l_codec, &parameters)) {
        throw opj_exception("ERROR -> opj_compress: failed to setup the decoder");
    }
    /* 读取图像格式头的基本信息*/
    if (!opj_read_header(l_stream, l_codec, &image)) {
        throw opj_exception("ERROR -> opj_decompress: failed to read the header");
    }
    if (!parameters.nb_tile_to_decode) {
        /* Optional if you want decode the entire image */
        if (!opj_set_decode_area(l_codec, image, (OPJ_INT32) (parameters.DA_x0), (OPJ_INT32) (parameters.DA_y0),
                (OPJ_INT32) (parameters.DA_x1), (OPJ_INT32) (parameters.DA_y1)))
            throw opj_exception("ERROR -> opj_decompress: failed to set the decoded area");

        /* Get the decoded image */
        if (!(opj_decode(l_codec, l_stream, image) && opj_end_decompress(l_codec, l_stream)))
            throw opj_exception("ERROR -> opj_decompress: failed to decode image!");
    } else {
        if (!opj_get_decoded_tile(l_codec, l_stream, image, parameters.tile_index))
            throw opj_exception("ERROR -> opj_decompress: failed to decode tile!");
#ifndef NDEBUG
        printf("tile %d is decoded!\n", parameters.tile_index);
#endif
    }
    decompress_ok = true;
    return image;
}
/* 从流对象(opj_stream_interface)中解码指定格式(format)的jpeg2000图像 * 返回 opj_image_t,出错则抛出opj_exception异常 */
opj_image_t* load_j2k(opj_stream_interface& src, OPJ_CODEC_FORMAT format) {
    opj_dparameters_t parameters;
    /* set decoding parameters to default values */
    opj_set_default_decoder_parameters(&parameters);
    parameters.decod_format = format;
    return load_j2k(src, parameters);
}

上面代码将内存图像解码返回解压后的opj_image_t对象，opj_image_t对象是按颜色通道存储每个像素的数据的，所以需要每像素颜色通道值连续存储，还需要做一些转换下面的代码将opj_image_t转换为image_matrix_param,image_matrix_param中每个像素的各通道连续存储

/* 图像矩阵基本参数 */
typedef struct _image_matrix_param{
        uint32_t        width;                  // 图像宽度
        uint32_t        height;                 // 图像高度
        uint8_t     channels;               // 通道数
        J_COLOR_SPACE color_space; // 图像数据的色彩空间
        uint8_t     align;  // 内存对齐方式 0为不对齐，>0为以2的n次幂对齐
        std::vector <uint8_t> pixels; // 图像数据
}image_matrix_param,*image_matrix_param_ptr;

/* 从opj_image_t 创建 image_matrix_param * 失败则抛出 opj_exception 异常 */
image_matrix_param create_matrix_from_opj_image(opj_image_t* image) {
    throw_if_null(image);
    image_matrix_param matrix;
    throw_if(0 == image->numcomps, "image->numcomps must >0");
    matrix.width = image->comps[0].w;
    matrix.height = image->comps[0].h;
    // 检查参数合法性
    if (image->numcomps > 1)
        for (auto i = image->numcomps - 1; i > 0; --i) {
            throw_except_if(opj_exception,matrix.width != image->comps[i].w || matrix.height != image->comps[i].h||image->comps[i].prec>8||image->comps[i].bpp>8,
                    "each components has different size");
        }

    matrix.channels = (uint8_t) (image->numcomps);
    matrix.color_space = opj_to_jpeglib_color_space(image->color_space);
    matrix.align = 0;
    auto row_stride = get_row_stride(matrix);
    // 为image_matrix_param分配图像存储空间，失败则抛出opj_exception
    try{
        matrix.pixels = std::vector<uint8_t>(row_stride * matrix.channels * matrix.height);
    }catch(exception &e){
        throw opj_exception(string(__FILE__).append(" line:" + __LINE__).append(e.what()));
    }catch(...){
        throw opj_exception(string(__FILE__).append(" line:" + __LINE__).append("fail to constructe std::vector"));
    }
    uint32_t index = 0;
    uint8_t* scanline,*pixel;
    decltype(matrix.height) y;
    decltype(matrix.width) x;
    decltype(matrix.channels) ch;
    for ( y = 0; y < matrix.height; ++y ) {
        scanline = matrix.pixels.data()+ matrix.channels * row_stride * y;
        for ( x = 0; x < matrix.height; ++x ) {
            pixel = scanline+matrix.channels * x;
            for (ch = 0; ch < matrix.channels; ++ch) {
                pixel[ch] = (uint8_t) (image->comps[ch].data[index]);
            }
            ++index;
        }
    }
    return std::move(matrix);
}
/* 从jpeg_data和size指定的内存数据中解码指定格式(format)的jpeg2000图像 * 返回 image_matrix_param对象,出错则抛出opj_exception异常 */
image_matrix_param load_j2k(const uint8_t* jpeg_data, size_t size, OPJ_CODEC_FORMAT format) {
    throw_if_null(jpeg_data)
    throw_if(0 == size, "jpeg_data is empty")
    opj_stream_mem_input src(jpeg_data, size);
    gdface::raii_var<opj_image_t*> raii_image([&]() {
        return load_j2k(src, format);
    }, [](opj_image_t* image) {
        /* free image data */
        opj_image_destroy(image);
    });
    return create_matrix_from_opj_image(*raii_image);
}
/* 从jpeg_data指定的内存数据中解码指定格式(format)的jpeg2000图像 * 返回 image_matrix_param对象,出错则抛出opj_exception异常 */
image_matrix_param load_j2k(const std::vector<uint8_t>&jpeg_data, OPJ_CODEC_FORMAT format){
    return load_j2k(jpeg_data.data(),jpeg_data.size(),format);
}

代码实现参考了openjpeg的源码/src/bin/jp2/opj_decompress.c,部分代码是原样抄来的

调用样例

std::vector<uint8_t> load_binary_file(const char *input_jpg_file){
    std::vector<uint8_t> jpeg_data;
    std::ifstream is (input_jpg_file, std::ifstream::binary);
    if (is) {
        // get length of file:
        is.seekg(0, is.end);
        auto length = is.tellg();
        is.seekg(0, is.beg);

        jpeg_data = std::vector<uint8_t>(length);
        // read data as a block:
        is.read((char*) jpeg_data.data(), jpeg_data.size());
        is.close();
    }
    return std::move(jpeg_data);
}
int main()
{
    try {
        const char *output4_jpg_file = "D:/tmp/sample-1-out4.j2k";
        auto j2k_data=load_binary_file(output4_jpg_file);
        load_j2k(j2k_data,OPJ_CODEC_J2K);
    }catch (exception &e){
        cout<<e.what()<<endl;
    }
    return 0;
}