近100个C语言基础算法案例（初级篇）
下面这些C语言基础算法案例都是经过测试和验证过了的，欢迎各位使用。
本文是该系列的第一篇，都是一些相对初级的算法，很适合刚开始学C语言的同学。
1、C语言打印一条语句
源代码：
/* C Program to print a sentence. */
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("C Programming"); /* printf() prints the content inside quotation */
return 0;
}
输出：
C Programming
2、C语言打印用户输入的一个整数
源代码：
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int num;
printf("Enter a integer: ");
scanf("%d", &num); /* Storing a integer entered by user in variable num */
printf("You entered: %d",num);
return 0;
}
输出：
Enter a integer: 25 You entered: 25
3、C语言实现两个整数相加
源代码：
/*C programming source code to add and display the sum of two integers entered by user */
#include <stdio.h>
int main( )
{
int num1, num2, sum;
printf("Enter two integers: ");
scanf("%d %d", &num1, &num2); /* Stores the two integer entered by user in variable num1 and num2 */
sum = num1 + num2; /* Performs addition and stores it in variable sum */
printf("Sum: %d", sum); /* Displays sum */
return 0;
}
输出：
Enter two integers: 12 11 Sum: 23
4、C语言实现两个小数相乘
源代码：
/*C program to multiply and display the product of two floating point numbers entered by user. */
#include <stdio.h>
int main( )
{
float num1, num2, product;
printf("Enter two numbers: ");
scanf("%f %f", &num1, &num2); /* Stores the two floating point numbers entered by user in variable num1 and num2 respectively */
product = num1 * num2; /* Performs multiplication and stores it */
printf("Product: %f", product);
return 0;
}
输出：
Enter two numbers: 2.4 1.1 Product: 2.640000
5、C语言查找字符的ASCII值
源代码：
/* Source code to find ASCII value of a character entered by user */
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char c;
printf("Enter a character: ");
scanf("%c", &c); /* Takes a character from user */
printf("ASCII value of %c = %d", c, c);
return 0;
}
输出：
Enter a character: G ASCII value of G = 71
6、C语言根据用户输入的整数做商和余数
源代码：
/* C Program to compute remainder and quotient */
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int dividend, divisor, quotient, remainder;
printf("Enter dividend: ");
scanf("%d", ÷nd);
printf("Enter divisor: ");
scanf("%d", &divisor);
quotient = dividend / divisor; /* Computes quotient */
remainder = dividend % divisor; /* Computes remainder */
printf("Quotient = %d\n", quotient);
printf("Remainder = %d", remainder);
return 0;
}
输出：
Enter dividend: 25 Enter divisor: 4 Quotient = 6 Remainder = 1
7、C语言获取整型、单精度浮点型、双精度浮点型和字符型的长度
基本语法是：
temp = sizeof(operand); /* Here, temp is a variable of type integer, i.e, sizeof() operator returns integer value. */
源代码：
/* This program computes the size of variable using sizeof operator. */
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a;
float b;
double c;
char d;
printf("Size of int: %d bytes\n", sizeof(a));
printf("Size of float: %d bytes\n", sizeof(b));
printf("Size of double: %d bytes\n", sizeof(c));
printf("Size of char: %d byte\n", sizeof(d));
return 0;
}
输出：
Size of int: 4 bytes Size of float: 4 bytes Size of double: 8 bytes Size of char: 1 byte
注：可能会由于系统的不同出来的结果也不尽相同。
8、C语言获取关键字long的长度范围
源代码：
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a;
long int b; /* int is optional. */
long long int c; /* int is optional. */
printf("Size of int = %d bytes\n", sizeof(a));
printf("Size of long int = %ld bytes\n", sizeof(b));
printf("Size of long long int = %ld bytes", sizeof(c));
return 0;
}
输出：
Size of int = 4 bytes Size of long int = 4 bytes Size of long long int = 8 bytes
9、C语言交换数值
源代码：
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
float a, b, temp;
printf("Enter value of a: ");
scanf("%f",&a);
printf("Enter value of b: ");
scanf("%f", &b);
temp = a; /* Value of a is stored in variable temp */
a = b; /* Value of b is stored in variable a */
b = temp; /* Value of temp(which contains initial value of a) is stored in variable b*/
printf("\nAfter swapping, value of a = %.2f\n", a);
printf("After swapping, value of b = %.2f", b);
return 0;
}
输出：
Enter value of a: 1.20 Enter value of b: 2.45 After swapping, value of a = 2.45 After swapping, value of b = 1.2
10、C语言检查数值是奇数还是偶数
源代码：
/*C program to check whether a number entered by user is even or odd. */
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int num;
printf("Enter an integer you want to check: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
if((num % 2) == 0) /* Checking whether remainder is 0 or not. */
printf("%d is even.", num);
else
printf("%d is odd.", num);
return 0;
}
输出1：
Enter an integer you want to check: 25 25 is odd.
输出2：
Enter an integer you want to check: 12 12 is even.
也可以用条件运算符解决：
/* C program to check whether an integer is odd or even using conditional operator */
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int num;
printf("Enter an integer you want to check: ");
scanf("%d", &num);
((num%2) == 0) ? printf("%d is even.", num) : printf("%d is odd.", num);
return 0;
}
11、C语言检查是元音还是辅音
源代码：
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char c;
printf("Enter an alphabet: ");
scanf("%c", &c);
if(c == 'a' || c == 'A' || c == 'e' || c == 'E' || c == 'i' ||
c == 'I' || c == 'o' || c == 'O' || c == 'u' || c == 'U')
printf("%c is a vowel.", c);
else
printf("%c is a consonant.", c);
return 0;
}
输出1：
Enter an alphabet: i i is a vowel.
输出2：
Enter an alphabet: G G is a consonant.
也可以用条件运算符解决
/* C program to check whether a character is vowel or consonant using conditional operator */
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char c;
printf("Enter an alphabet: ");
scanf("%c", &c);
(c == 'a' || c == 'A' || c == 'e' || c == 'E' || c== 'i' || c== 'I' ||
c == 'o' || c == 'O' || c == 'u' || c == 'U') ? printf("%c is a vowel.", c) : printf("%c is a consonant.", c);
return 0;
}
输出结果和上面的程序相同。
12、C语言实现从三个数值中查找最大值
实现1：
/* C program to find largest number using if statement only */
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
float a, b, c;
printf("Enter three numbers: ");
scanf("%f %f %f", &a, &b, &c);
if (a > =b && a >= c)
printf("Largest number = %.2f", a);
if (b >= a && b >= c)
printf("Largest number = %.2f", b);
if (c >= a && c >= b)
printf("Largest number = %.2f", c);
return 0;
}
实现2：
/* C program to find largest number using if...else statement */
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
float a, b, c;
printf("Enter three numbers: ");
scanf("%f %f %f", &a, &b, &c);
if (a >= b)
{
if(a >= c)
printf("Largest number = %.2f", a);
else
printf("Largest number = %.2f", c);
}
else
{
if(b >= c)
printf("Largest number = %.2f", b);
else
printf("Largest number = %.2f", c);
}
return 0;
}
实现3：
/* C Program to find largest number using nested if...else statement */
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
float a, b, c;
printf("Enter three numbers: ");
scanf("%f %f %f", &a, &b, &c);
if(a >= b && a >= c)
printf("Largest number = %.2f", a);
else if(b>=a && b>=c)
printf("Largest number = %.2f", b);
else
printf("Largest number = %.2f", c);
return 0;
}
输出结果相同：
Enter three numbers: 12.2 13.452 10.193 Largest number = 13.45
13、C语言解一元二次方程
源代码：
/* Program to find roots of a quadratic equation when coefficients are entered by user. */
/* Library function sqrt() computes the square root. */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <math.h> /* This is needed to use sqrt() function. */
int main()
{
float a, b, c, determinant, r1,r2, real, imag;
printf("Enter coefficients a, b and c: ");
scanf("%f%f%f",&a,&b,&c);
determinant=b*b-4*a*c;
if (determinant>0)
{
r1 = (-b + sqrt(determinant)) / (2 * a);
r2 = (-b - sqrt(determinant)) / (2 * a);
printf("Roots are: %.2f and %.2f", r1 , r2);
}
else if (determinant == 0)
{
r1 = r2 = -b / (2 * a);
printf("Roots are: %.2f and %.2f", r1, r2);
}
else
{
real= -b/(2*a);
imag = sqrt(-determinant)/(2*a);
printf("Roots are: %.2f+%.2fi and %.2f-%.2fi", real, imag, real, imag);
}
return 0;
}
输出1：
Enter coefficients a, b and c: 2.3 4 5.6 Roots are: -0.87+1.30i and -0.87-1.30i
输出2：
Enter coefficients a, b and c: 4 1 0 Roots are: 0.00 and -0.25
14、C语言检查是否是闰年
源代码：
/* C program to check whether a year is leap year or not using if else statement. */
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int year;
printf("Enter a year: ");
scanf("%d", &year);
if(year%4 == 0)
{
if( year%100 == 0) /* Checking for a century year */
{
if ( year%400 == 0)
printf("%d is a leap year.", year);
else
printf("%d is not a leap year.", year);
}
else
printf("%d is a leap year.", year);
}
else
printf("%d is not a leap year.", year);
return 0;
}
输出1：
Enter year: 2000 2000 is a leap year.
输出2：
Enter year: 1900 1900 is not a leap year.
输出3：
Enter year: 2012 2012 is a leap year.
15、C语言检查一个数是正数、负数还是零
源代码：
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
float num;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%f", &num);
if (num <= 0)
{
if (num == 0)
printf("You entered zero.");
else
printf("%.2f is negative.", num);
}
else
printf("%.2f is positive.", num);
return 0;
}
也可以使用if-else语句
/* C programming code to check whether a number is negative or positive or zero using nested if...else statement. */
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
float num;
printf("Enter a number: ");
scanf("%f", &num);
if (num<0) /* Checking whether num is less than 0*/
printf("%.2f is negative.", num);
else if (num>0) /* Checking whether num is greater than zero*/
printf("%.2f is positive.", num);
else
printf("You entered zero.");
return 0;
}
输出1：
Enter a number: 12.3 12.30 is positive.
输出2：
Enter a number: -12.3 -12.30 is negative.
输出3：
Enter a number: 0 You entered zero.
16、C语言检查某字符串是不是字母
源代码：
/* C programming code to check whether a character is alphabet or not. */
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
char c;
printf("Enter a character: ");
scanf("%c",&c);
if( (c >= 'a'&& c <= 'z') || (c >= 'A' && c <= 'Z'))
printf("%c is an alphabet.", c);
else
printf("%c is not an alphabet.", c);
return 0;
}
输出1：
Enter a character: * * is not an alphabet
输出2：
Enter a character: K K is an alphabet
17、C语言计算自然数的和
源代码：
/* This program is solved using while loop. */
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n, count, sum = 0;
printf("Enter an integer: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
count = 1;
while(count <= n) /* while loop terminates if count>n */
{
sum += count; /* sum=sum+count */
++count;
}
printf("Sum = %d", sum);
return 0;
}
也可以使用for循环语句
/* This program is solve using for loop. */
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n, count, sum=0;
printf("Enter an integer: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
for (count = 1; count <= n; ++count) /* for loop terminates if count>n */
{
sum += count; /* sum=sum+count */
}
printf("Sum = %d", sum);
return 0;
}
输出：
Enter an integer: 100 Sum = 5050
也可以通过if-else语句
/* This program displays error message when user enters negative number or 0 and displays the sum of natural numbers if user enters positive number. */
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n, count, sum=0;
printf("Enter an integer: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
if (n <= 0)
printf("Error!!!!");
else
{
for(count = 1; count <= n; ++count) /* for loop terminates if count>n */
{
sum += count; /* sum=sum+count */
}
printf("Sum = %d", sum);
}
return 0;
}
18、C语言计算阶乘
对于任意正数n，阶乘指的是：
factorial = 1*2*3*4....n
如果数值是负数，那么阶乘就不存在。并且我们规定，0的阶乘就是1。
源代码：
/* C program to display factorial of an integer if user enters non-negative integer. */
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
int n, count;
unsigned long long int factorial = 1;
printf("Enter an integer: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
if (n < 0)
printf("Error!!! Factorial of negative number doesn't exist.");
else
{
for (count = 1; count <= n; ++count) /* for loop terminates if count>n */
{
factorial *= count; /* factorial=factorial*count */
}
printf("Factorial = %lu", factorial);
}
return 0;
}
输出1：
Enter an integer: -5 Error!!! Factorial of negative number doesn't exist.
输出2：
Enter an integer: 10 Factorial = 3628800
先介绍到这里，下一篇将分享更多的C语言基础算法，敬请期待。