【LeetCode题意分析&解答】37. Sudoku Solver

Write a program to solve a Sudoku puzzle by filling the empty cells.

Empty cells are indicated by the character '.'.

You may assume that there will be only one unique solution.

A sudoku puzzle...

 

...and its solution numbers marked in red.

题意分析:

  本题是要解决一个数独问题。输入一个部分数独,将空白的格子填上正确的数字,只需要找到一个正确的解即可。

解答:

  关于数独的规则,在上一篇文章里面有讲【LeetCode题意分析&解答】36. Valid Sudoku,这里不再赘述。

  填入的数字是在1~9之间,我们先将当前节点置为某个要填入的数,并判断是否符合数独的规则。如果符合则继续循环,如果不符合则退回来填入其他的数。如果按照这个思路去做,就是一个典型的深度优先搜索的回溯算法。

AC代码:

class Solution(object):
    def solveSudoku(self, board):
        def backtracing():
            for i in xrange(9):
                for j in xrange(9):
                    if board[i][j] != '.':
                        continue
                    for v in [str(c) for c in xrange(1, 10)]:
                        # judge if against to the rule
                        if v in board[i] or v in [board[k][j] for k in xrange(9)] or v in \
                                [board[i / 3 * 3 + m][j / 3 * 3 + n] for m in xrange(3) for n in xrange(3)]:
                            continue
                        board[i][j] = v
                        if backtracing():
                            return True
                        else:
                            board[i][j] = '.'
                    return False
            return True
        backtracing()

 

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