PyQt4学习笔记-5
1. 对话框
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui
class Example(QtGui.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(Example, self).__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.btn = QtGui.QPushButton('Dialog', self)
self.btn.move(20, 20)
self.btn.clicked.connect(self.showDialog)
self.le = QtGui.QLineEdit(self)
self.le.move(130, 22)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 290, 150)
self.setWindowTitle('Input dialog')
self.show()
def showDialog(self):
text, ok = QtGui.QInputDialog.getText(self, 'Input Dialog',
'Enter your name:')
if ok:
self.le.setText(str(text))
def main():
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
设置了一个名称为 Dialog 的 button，通过connect 将事件触发对应于 showDialog 方法。而使用QInputDialog.getText 建立一个名称为 Input Dialog 的对话框。对话框的提示为 Enter your name。在输入名称之后，setText 将获得的字符返回原来的文本框
2.色彩
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui
class Example(QtGui.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(Example, self).__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
col = QtGui.QColor(0, 0, 0)
self.btn = QtGui.QPushButton('Dialog', self)
self.btn.move(20, 20)
self.btn.clicked.connect(self.showDialog)
self.frm = QtGui.QFrame(self)
self.frm.setStyleSheet("QWidget { background-color: %s }"
% col.name())
self.frm.setGeometry(130, 22, 100, 100)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 250, 180)
self.setWindowTitle('Color dialog')
self.show()
def showDialog(self):
col = QtGui.QColorDialog.getColor()
if col.isValid():
self.frm.setStyleSheet("QWidget { background-color: %s }"
% col.name())
def main():
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
QColor 设置 default color。QCoolorDialog.getColor() 方法打开色彩选择框。如果获得的 color 有效则返回使用
3.字体
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui
class Example(QtGui.QWidget):
def __init__(self):
super(Example, self).__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
vbox = QtGui.QVBoxLayout()
btn = QtGui.QPushButton('Dialog', self)
btn.setSizePolicy(QtGui.QSizePolicy.Fixed,
QtGui.QSizePolicy.Fixed)
btn.move(20, 20)
vbox.addWidget(btn)
btn.clicked.connect(self.showDialog)
self.lbl = QtGui.QLabel('Knowledge only matters', self)
self.lbl.move(130, 20)
vbox.addWidget(self.lbl)
self.setLayout(vbox)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 250, 180)
self.setWindowTitle('Font dialog')
self.show()
def showDialog(self):
font, ok = QtGui.QFontDialog.getFont()
if ok:
self.lbl.setFont(font)
def main():
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
QtGui.QSizePolicy.Fixed
检查字体设置是否 valid，如果否，则不变。QFontDialog.getFont 打开字体设置对话框获得字体
4.文件选取对话框
import sys
from PyQt4 import QtGui
class Example(QtGui.QMainWindow):
def __init__(self):
super(Example, self).__init__()
self.initUI()
def initUI(self):
self.textEdit = QtGui.QTextEdit()
self.setCentralWidget(self.textEdit)
self.statusBar()
openFile = QtGui.QAction(QtGui.QIcon('open.png'), 'Open', self)
openFile.setShortcut('Ctrl+O')
openFile.setStatusTip('Open new File')
openFile.triggered.connect(self.showDialog)
menubar = self.menuBar()
fileMenu = menubar.addMenu('&File')
fileMenu.addAction(openFile)
self.setGeometry(300, 300, 350, 300)
self.setWindowTitle('File dialog')
self.show()
def showDialog(self):
fname = QtGui.QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self, 'Open file',
'/home')
f = open(fname, 'r')
with f:
data = f.read()
self.textEdit.setText(data)
def main():
app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv)
ex = Example()
sys.exit(app.exec_())
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
QFileDialog.getOpenFileName 方法打开文件选择对话框。由于没有设置 filter，所以默认是*，所有的文件。默认的目录是
home 根目录。