码农最怕眼高手低
今天来练习mvc Area技术和bootstrap以及异步表单的C#代码实现。
1.area区域架构对于建立复杂业务逻辑很有帮助,由 AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas()方法遍历路由表,获得所有注册的路由。参见
建立类库Common,下设一个文件夹BookStore
在其中建立model和controller。(注意引用System.Web.Mvc这个dll)
项目结构如图:
其中book.cs为model模型
namespace Common.BookStore { public class Book { public string bookName { get; set; } public double price { get; set; } public string bookType { get; set; } public int num { get; set; } } }
注意controller中不要忘了继承Controller
namespace Common.BookStore { public class BookCurdController:Controller {
//添加页面 public ActionResult BookAdd() { return View(); }
//模拟添加操作页面 public ActionResult _BookAdd(Book bookModel) { bookModel.num += 1; return View(bookModel); } } }
2.建立一个基本mvc程序,我用的mvc4,在根目录下建立Areas文件夹,然后右键-添加-区域,输入我们的BookStore
这样我们添加了一个区域,删除其中的controller和model文件夹。
接着对生成的BookStoreAreaRegistration进行修改
public class BookStoreAreaRegistration : AreaRegistration { public override string AreaName { get {
//此为区域的名称,与我们的区域文件夹同名 return "BookStore"; } } public override void RegisterArea(AreaRegistrationContext context) { context.MapRoute( "BookStore_default", "BookStore/{controller}/{action}/{id}", new { action = "Index", id = UrlParameter.Optional }, //命名空间不可少 new string[] { "Common.BookStore" } ); } }
生成Common类库,在web站点添加对其的引用。
3.现在进行页面部分的制作,我们先添加bootstrap文件,我从ExtJs源码中把bootstrap几个文件扣了出来,添加到web程序中,就像这样
接着,我们添加页面上的引用(或者你把它们放到一个局部视图或者模板视图中也行)
<link href="@Url.Content("~/Content/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css")" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery-1.7.1.js")"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js")"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.js")"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.unobtrusive-ajax.min.js")"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="@Url.Content("~/Content/bootstrap/js/jqBootstrapValidation.js")"></script>
套用一个bootstrap框架
<div class="container-fluid" style="margin-top:30px;"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <div class="form-group"> <label class="control-label col-xs-4" for="bookName">书名:</label> <div class=" col-xs-4"> <input id="bookName" class="form-control" type="text" name="bookName" value="" /> </div> </div> </div>
</div> </div>
在这里说明一下,bootstrap依循网格系统,分为12列,最基础的属性由less构建(所以想改造它,可以直接修改less),其中.col-xs-* 是针对小尺寸设备(<768px)的样式。具体参考
http://www.w3cschool.cc/bootstrap/bootstrap-grid-system.html
在设置完样式之后,我们引入异步代码
@using (Ajax.BeginForm(
//指定action,controller
"_BookAdd", "BookCurd", null, new AjaxOptions() {
//更新还是替换 InsertionMode = InsertionMode.Replace, HttpMethod = "POST", //标记要更新的div,页面部分由jquery.validate.unobtrusive.js完成 UpdateTargetId = "showMsg", //提交成功 OnSuccess = "OnSuccess", //提交失败 OnFailure = "OnFailure", //完成 OnComplete = "OnComplete" }, //这个参数设置form表单的属性 htmlAttributes: new { name = "nbform", id = "nbform", @class = "form-horizontal" })) { ....... }
最后页面如下
@{ Layout = null; } <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" /> <title>图书添加</title> <link href="@Url.Content("~/Content/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.css")" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery-1.7.1.js")"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.min.js")"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.validate.unobtrusive.js")"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="@Url.Content("~/Scripts/jquery.unobtrusive-ajax.min.js")"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="@Url.Content("~/Content/bootstrap/js/jqBootstrapValidation.js")"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> $(function () { $.AddCheckBoxRadioLinster("nbform"); }); function OnSuccess() { alert("提交成功"); } function OnFailure() { alert("提交失败"); } function OnComplete() { } </script> </head> <body> <div class="container-fluid" style="margin-top:30px;"> @using (Ajax.BeginForm("_BookAdd", "BookCurd", null, new AjaxOptions() { InsertionMode = InsertionMode.Replace, HttpMethod = "POST", UpdateTargetId = "showMsg", OnSuccess = "OnSuccess", OnFailure = "OnFailure", OnComplete = "OnComplete" },htmlAttributes: new { name = "nbform", id = "nbform", @class = "form-horizontal" })) { <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <div class="form-group"> <label class="control-label col-xs-4" for="bookName">书名:</label> <div class=" col-xs-4"> <input id="bookName" class="form-control" type="text" name="bookName" value="" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <div class="form-group"> <label class="control-label col-xs-4" for="price">价格:</label> <div class="col-xs-4"> <input id="price" class="form-control" type="text" name="price" maxlength="16" minlength="1" data-validation-minlength-message="价格最少1位!" data-validation-required-message="不能为空!" required /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <div class="form-group"> <label class="control-label col-xs-4" for="bookType">种类:</label> <div class="col-xs-4"> <label class="checkbox-inline" > <input type="checkbox" id="bookTypeCheckbox" name="bookTypeCheckbox" value="电子书"/>电子书 </label> <label class="checkbox-inline" > <input type="checkbox" name="bookTypeCheckbox" value="印刷版"/>印刷版 </label> <input type="hidden" id="bookType" name="bookType" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xs-12"> <div class="form-group"> <label class="control-label col-xs-4" for="num">数量:</label> <div class="col-xs-4"> <input id="num" class="form-control" type="text" name="num" maxlength="16" minlength="0" data-validation-required-message="不能为空!" required /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row" > <div class="col-xs-3 col-md-offset-4"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn=default">提 交</button> </div> </div> } </div> <div class="container" id="showMsg"> </div> </body> </html>
效果如图:
这里还要说明一下,$.AddCheckBoxRadioLinster("nbform");这个是jqBootstrapValidation.js中的函数很好用。我们看一下他的内部实现
$("#" + formId + " input[type='checkbox'],input[type='radio']").each( function () { $(this).change(function() { var name = $(this).attr("name"); var value = ""; $("#" + formId + " input[name='" + name + "']:checked").each(function() { value = value + ";" + $(this).val(); }); var length = $(this).attr("type") == "radio" ? 5 : 8; if (value == "") { $("#" + $(this).attr("name").substr(0, $(this).attr("name").length - length)).val("-1"); } else { $(this).parents(".form-group").first().removeClass("error"); $("#" + $(this).attr("name").substr(0, $(this).attr("name").length - length)).attr("value",length == 5 ? value.substr(1, length) : value + ";"); } }); } );
以字符串拼接的方式来约束字段和处理,它不但可以动态绑定checkbox,radio还可以绑定select下拉框。。。。。。
关于jqBootstrapValidation类似于maxlength 来约束输入的更多用法,参见:
http://reactiveraven.github.io/jqBootstrapValidation/