在.net中,可以添加Web 引用来添加WebService,但是这种方法的缺陷是当WebService内的方法一变动,引用的系统这边就必须更新引用,重新编译,再发布,是不是很麻烦?也未可预知?
那么就使用动态调用WebService吧!
第1种,具体步骤:
1. 从目标 URL 下载 WSDL 数据。
2. 使用 ServiceDescription 创建和格式化 WSDL 文档文件。
3. 使用 ServiceDescriptionImporter 创建客户端代理类。
4. 使用 CodeDom 动态创建客户端代理类程序集。
5. 利用反射调用相关 WebService 方法。
代码如下:
/// <summary> /// 在.Net环境 下,最常用的方法就是采用代理类来调用WebService,可以通过改变代理类的Url属性来实现动态调用, /// 但当xmlns改变时就会出错,似乎要重新 绑定Webservice并重新编译后才能再次运行。 /// 此法子是一种动态编译并动态调用WebService的方式,这种方法效率低,而且需要有较高 的权限,否则编译失败。 /// 此法子的缺陷。。。。。都是泪啊。。。多线程下运行第二次就报错:无法从命名空间“****”导入绑定“SyncToContractDataCenterSoap” /// </summary> public class WebServiceHelper2 { #region InvokeWebService //动态调用web服务 public object InvokeWebService(string url, string methodname, object[] args) { return InvokeWebService(url, null, methodname, args); } public object InvokeWebService(string url, string classname, string methodname, object[] args) { string @namespace = "TransactionDataSync.Common"; if ((classname == null) || (classname == "")) { classname = GetWsClassName(url); } try { //获取WSDL WebClient wc = new WebClient(); Stream stream = wc.OpenRead(url + "?wsdl"); ServiceDescription sd = ServiceDescription.Read(stream); ServiceDescriptionImporter sdi = new ServiceDescriptionImporter(); sdi.AddServiceDescription(sd, "", ""); CodeNamespace cn = new CodeNamespace(@namespace); //生成客户端代理类代码 CodeCompileUnit ccu = new CodeCompileUnit(); ccu.Namespaces.Add(cn); sdi.Import(cn, ccu); // CSharpCodeProvider csc = new CSharpCodeProvider(); // ICodeCompiler icc = csc.CreateCompiler(); CodeDomProvider provider = CodeDomProvider.CreateProvider("CSharp"); //设定编译参数 CompilerParameters cplist = new CompilerParameters(); cplist.GenerateExecutable = false; cplist.GenerateInMemory = true; cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.dll"); cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.XML.dll"); cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Web.Services.dll"); cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Data.dll"); //编译代理类 CompilerResults cr = provider.CompileAssemblyFromDom(cplist, ccu); // CompilerResults cr = icc.CompileAssemblyFromDom(cplist, ccu); if (true == cr.Errors.HasErrors) { System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder(); foreach (System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerError ce in cr.Errors) { sb.Append(ce.ToString()); sb.Append(System.Environment.NewLine); } throw new Exception(sb.ToString()); } //生成代理实例,并调用方法 System.Reflection.Assembly assembly = cr.CompiledAssembly; Type t = assembly.GetType(@namespace + "." + classname, true, true); object obj = Activator.CreateInstance(t); System.Reflection.MethodInfo mi = t.GetMethod(methodname); return mi.Invoke(obj, args); } catch (Exception ex) { Logger.Error(string.Format("{0} {1} {2} {3}", url, methodname, ex.Message, ex.StackTrace)); throw new Exception(ex.InnerException.Message, new Exception(ex.InnerException.StackTrace)); } } public object CreateWebServiceInstance(string url, string packageName, out Type t) { return CreateWebServiceInstance(url, null,packageName, out t); } public object CreateWebServiceInstance(string url, string classname,string packageName,out Type t) { string @namespace = "TransactionDataSync.Common."+packageName; if ((classname == null) || (classname == "")) { classname = GetWsClassName(url); } Stream stream = null; try { //获取WSDL WebClient wc = new WebClient(); stream = wc.OpenRead(url + "?WSDL"); ServiceDescription sd = ServiceDescription.Read(stream); ServiceDescriptionImporter sdi = new ServiceDescriptionImporter(); sdi.AddServiceDescription(sd, "", ""); CodeNamespace cn = new CodeNamespace(@namespace); //生成客户端代理类代码 CodeCompileUnit ccu = new CodeCompileUnit(); ccu.Namespaces.Add(cn); sdi.Import(cn, ccu); // CSharpCodeProvider csc = new CSharpCodeProvider(); // ICodeCompiler icc = csc.CreateCompiler(); CodeDomProvider provider = CodeDomProvider.CreateProvider("CSharp"); //设定编译参数 CompilerParameters cplist = new CompilerParameters(); cplist.GenerateExecutable = false; cplist.GenerateInMemory = true; cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.dll"); cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.XML.dll"); cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Web.Services.dll"); cplist.ReferencedAssemblies.Add("System.Data.dll"); //编译代理类 CompilerResults cr = provider.CompileAssemblyFromDom(cplist, ccu); // CompilerResults cr = icc.CompileAssemblyFromDom(cplist, ccu); if (true == cr.Errors.HasErrors) { System.Text.StringBuilder sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder(); foreach (System.CodeDom.Compiler.CompilerError ce in cr.Errors) { sb.Append(ce.ToString()); sb.Append(System.Environment.NewLine); } throw new Exception(sb.ToString()); } //生成代理实例 System.Reflection.Assembly assembly = cr.CompiledAssembly; t = assembly.GetType(@namespace + "." + classname, true, true); object obj = Activator.CreateInstance(t); return obj; } catch (Exception ex) { Logger.Error(string.Format("{0} {1} {2}", url, ex.Message, ex.StackTrace)); if(stream!=null) { stream.Close(); stream.Dispose(); } throw ex; } } public object InvokeMethod(object obj, Type t, string methodname, object[] args) { try { System.Reflection.MethodInfo mi = t.GetMethod(methodname); return mi.Invoke(obj, args); } catch(Exception ex) { Logger.Error(string.Format("{0} {1} {2}", methodname, ex.Message, ex.StackTrace)); throw ex; } } private string GetWsClassName(string wsUrl) { string[] parts = wsUrl.Split('/'); string[] pps = parts[parts.Length - 1].Split('.'); return pps[0]; } #endregion
调用时的代码:
object instance = WebServiceHelper2.CreateWebServiceInstance(addr.Url,name, out t); DataSet dsContract = WebServiceHelper2.InvokeMethod(instance, t, "GetContractData", new object[]{authorizationCode}) as DataSet;
缺陷:
using System; using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Data; using System.IO; using System.Linq; using System.Net; using System.Text; using System.Xml; using System.Xml.Serialization; namespace TransactionDataSync.Common { /// <summary> /// 利用WebRequest/WebResponse进行WebService调用的类 /// </summary> /// <remarks> /// 作成者:cyf /// </remarks> public class WebServiceCaller { //缓存xmlNamespace,避免重复调用GetNamespace private static Hashtable XML_NAMESPACE = new Hashtable(); /// <summary> /// 通过SOAP协议动态调用webservice /// </summary> /// <param name="url"> webservice地址</param> /// <param name="methodName"> 调用方法名</param> /// <param name="pars"> 参数表</param> /// <returns> 结果集xml</returns> public static XmlDocument QuerySoapWebService(String url, String methodName, Hashtable pars) { if (XML_NAMESPACE.ContainsKey(url)) { // 名字空间在缓存中存在时,读取缓存,然后执行调用 return QuerySoapWebService(url, methodName, pars, XML_NAMESPACE[url].ToString()); } else { // 名字空间不存在时直接从wsdl的请求中读取名字空间,然后执行调用 return QuerySoapWebService(url, methodName, pars, GetNamespace(url)); } } /// <summary> /// 通过SOAP协议动态调用webservice /// </summary> /// <param name="url"> webservice地址</param> /// <param name="methodName"> 调用方法名</param> /// <param name="pars"> 参数表</param> /// <param name="xmlNs"> 名字空间</param> /// <returns> 结果集</returns> private static XmlDocument QuerySoapWebService(String url, String methodName, Hashtable pars, string xmlNs) { XML_NAMESPACE[url] = xmlNs;//加入缓存,提高效率 // 获取请求对象 HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url); // 设置请求head request.Method = "POST"; request.ContentType = "text/xml; charset=utf-8"; request.Headers.Add("SOAPAction", "\"" + xmlNs + (xmlNs.EndsWith("/") ? "" : "/") + methodName + "\""); // 设置请求身份 SetWebRequest(request); // 获取soap协议 byte[] data = EncodeParsToSoap(pars, xmlNs, methodName); // 将soap协议写入请求 WriteRequestData(request, data); XmlDocument returnDoc = new XmlDocument(); XmlDocument returnValueDoc = new XmlDocument(); // 读取服务端响应 returnDoc = ReadXmlResponse(request.GetResponse()); XmlNamespaceManager mgr = new XmlNamespaceManager(returnDoc.NameTable); mgr.AddNamespace("soap", "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"); // 返回结果 string RetXml= returnDoc.SelectSingleNode("//soap:Body/*/*", mgr).InnerXml; returnValueDoc.LoadXml("<root>" + RetXml + "</root>"); AddDelaration(returnValueDoc); /* System.Data.DataSet ds = new System.Data.DataSet(); XmlNodeReader reader = new XmlNodeReader(returnValueDoc); ds.ReadXml(reader);*/ // return returnValueDoc.OuterXml; return returnValueDoc; } /// <summary> /// 获取wsdl中的名字空间 /// </summary> /// <param name="url"> wsdl地址</param> /// <returns> 名字空间</returns> private static string GetNamespace(String url) { // 创建wsdl请求对象,并从中读取名字空间 HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url + "?WSDL"); SetWebRequest(request); WebResponse response = request.GetResponse(); StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8); XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(); doc.LoadXml(sr.ReadToEnd()); sr.Close(); return doc.SelectSingleNode("//@targetNamespace").Value; } /// <summary> /// 加入soapheader节点 /// </summary> /// <param name="doc"> soap文档</param> private static void InitSoapHeader(XmlDocument doc) { // 添加soapheader节点 XmlElement soapHeader = doc.CreateElement("soap", "Header", "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"); //XmlElement soapId = doc.CreateElement("userid"); //soapId.InnerText = ID; //XmlElement soapPwd = doc.CreateElement("userpwd"); //soapPwd.InnerText = PWD; //soapHeader.AppendChild(soapId); //soapHeader.AppendChild(soapPwd); doc.ChildNodes[0].AppendChild(soapHeader); } /// <summary> /// 将以字节数组的形式返回soap协议 /// </summary> /// <param name="pars"> 参数表</param> /// <param name="xmlNs"> 名字空间</param> /// <param name="methodName"> 方法名</param> /// <returns> 字节数组</returns> private static byte[] EncodeParsToSoap(Hashtable pars, String xmlNs, String methodName) { XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(); // 构建soap文档 doc.LoadXml("<soap:Envelope xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance/\" xmlns:xsd=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema\" xmlns:soap=\"http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/\"></soap:Envelope>"); // 加入soapbody节点 InitSoapHeader(doc); // 创建soapbody节点 XmlElement soapBody = doc.CreateElement("soap", "Body", "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"); // 根据要调用的方法创建一个方法节点 XmlElement soapMethod = doc.CreateElement(methodName); soapMethod.SetAttribute("xmlns", xmlNs); // 遍历参数表中的参数键 foreach (string key in pars.Keys) { // 根据参数表中的键值对,生成一个参数节点,并加入方法节点内 XmlElement soapPar = doc.CreateElement(key); soapPar.InnerXml = ObjectToSoapXml(pars[key]); soapMethod.AppendChild(soapPar); } // soapbody节点中加入方法节点 soapBody.AppendChild(soapMethod); // soap文档中加入soapbody节点 doc.DocumentElement.AppendChild(soapBody); // 添加声明 AddDelaration(doc); // 传入的参数有DataSet类型,必须在序列化后的XML中的diffgr:diffgram/NewDataSet节点加xmlns='' 否则无法取到每行的记录。 XmlNode node = doc.DocumentElement.SelectSingleNode("//NewDataSet"); if (node != null) { XmlAttribute attr = doc.CreateAttribute("xmlns"); attr.InnerText = ""; node.Attributes.Append(attr); } // 以字节数组的形式返回soap文档 return Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(doc.OuterXml); } /// <summary> /// 将参数对象中的内容取出 /// </summary> /// <param name="o">参数值对象</param> /// <returns>字符型值对象</returns> private static string ObjectToSoapXml(object o) { XmlSerializer mySerializer = new XmlSerializer(o.GetType()); MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(); mySerializer.Serialize(ms, o); XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(); doc.LoadXml(Encoding.UTF8.GetString(ms.ToArray())); if (doc.DocumentElement != null) { return doc.DocumentElement.InnerXml; } else { return o.ToString(); } } /// <summary> /// 设置请求身份 /// </summary> /// <param name="request"> 请求</param> private static void SetWebRequest(HttpWebRequest request) { request.Credentials = CredentialCache.DefaultCredentials; //request.Timeout = 10000; } /// <summary> /// 将soap协议写入请求 /// </summary> /// <param name="request"> 请求</param> /// <param name="data"> soap协议</param> private static void WriteRequestData(HttpWebRequest request, byte[] data) { request.ContentLength = data.Length; Stream writer = request.GetRequestStream(); writer.Write(data, 0, data.Length); writer.Close(); } /// <summary> /// 将响应对象读取为xml对象 /// </summary> /// <param name="response"> 响应对象</param> /// <returns> xml对象</returns> private static XmlDocument ReadXmlResponse(WebResponse response) { StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(response.GetResponseStream(), Encoding.UTF8); String retXml = sr.ReadToEnd(); sr.Close(); XmlDocument doc = new XmlDocument(); doc.LoadXml(retXml); return doc; } /// <summary> /// 给xml文档添加声明 /// </summary> /// <param name="doc"> xml文档</param> private static void AddDelaration(XmlDocument doc) { XmlDeclaration decl = doc.CreateXmlDeclaration("1.0", "utf-8", null); doc.InsertBefore(decl, doc.DocumentElement); } public static String QuerySoapWebServiceString(String url, String methodName, Hashtable pars) { XmlDocument doc = QuerySoapWebService(url, methodName, pars); return doc.InnerText; } public static DataSet QuerySoapWebServiceDataSet(String url, String methodName, Hashtable pars) { XmlDocument doc = QuerySoapWebService(url, methodName, pars); System.Data.DataSet ds = new System.Data.DataSet(); using (XmlNodeReader reader = new XmlNodeReader(doc)) { ds.ReadXml(reader); } return ds; } } }
Hashtable htParms = new Hashtable(); htParms.Add("authorizationCode", authCode); DataSet dsComm = WebServiceCaller.QuerySoapWebServiceDataSet(url, "GetReceivedCommissionData", htParms);
DataSet dsSelected = new DataSet(); dsSelected.Tables.Add(dtSelected); //需要返回给业务系统的数据集,表示哪些数据已收集 Hashtable htParms = new Hashtable(); htParms.Add("authorizationCode", addr.AuthorizationCode); htParms.Add("dsData", dtSelected); string result = WebServiceCaller.QuerySoapWebServiceString(url, methodName, htParms);//传入的参数是一个String类型和一个DataSet类型