iOS开发的一个问题集

from :http://ios.wpjam.com/

iOS开发的一个问题集

1. stringWithFormat 用法:

 

     [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Hight: %d°%@   Low: %d°%@", [Temp],@"C",[lTemp],@"C"];

 

NSString to NSData:

NSString* str= @"kilonet";

NSData* data=[str dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];

 

2. NSDate 用法:

NSDate  *today;

    NSDate *tomorrow;
today = [NSDate date];
tomorrow = [NSDate dateWithTimeInterval:(i*24*60*60) sinceDate:today]; //可能有更好的

 

Date format用法:

-(NSString *) getDay:(NSDate *) d {

    NSString *s ;
NSDateFormatter *format = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
[format setDateFormat:@"YYYY/MM/dd hh:mm:ss"];
s = [format stringFromDate:d];
[format release];
return s;
}

 

各地时区获取:

代码

    NSDate *nowDate = [NSDate new];
NSDateFormatter *formatter    =  [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
[formatter    setDateFormat:@"yyyy/MM/dd HH:mm:ss"];
//    根据时区名字获取当前时间,如果该时区不存在,默认获取系统当前时区的时间
//    NSTimeZone* timeZone = [NSTimeZone timeZoneWithName:@"Europe/Andorra"];
//    [formatter setTimeZone:timeZone];
//获取所有的时区名字
NSArray *array = [NSTimeZone knownTimeZoneNames];
//    NSLog(@"array:%@",array);
//for循环
//    for(int i=0;i<[array count];i++)
//    {
//        NSTimeZone* timeZone = [NSTimeZone timeZoneWithName:[array objectAtIndex:i]];
//        [formatter setTimeZone:timeZone];
//        NSString *locationTime = [formatter stringFromDate:nowDate];
//        NSLog(@"时区名字:%@   : 时区当前时间: %@",[array objectAtIndex:i],locationTime);
//        //NSLog(@"timezone name is:%@",[array objectAtIndex:i]);
//    }
//快速枚举法
for(NSString *timeZoneName in array){
[formatter setTimeZone:[NSTimeZone timeZoneWithName:timeZoneName]];
NSLog(@"%@,%@",timeZoneName,[formatter stringFromDate:nowDate]);
}

[formatter release];
[nowDate release];

 

获取毫秒时间:

代码

NSDateFormatter *dateFormatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
[dateFormatter setDateStyle:NSDateFormatterMediumStyle];
[dateFormatter setTimeStyle:NSDateFormatterShortStyle];
//[dateFormatter setDateFormat:@"hh:mm:ss"]
[dateFormatter setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.SSS"];
NSLog(@"Date%@", [dateFormatter stringFromDate:[NSDate date]]);
[dateFormatter release];

 

 

3. NSCalendar用法:

-(NSString *) getWeek:(NSDate *) d {

NSCalendar *calendar = [[NSCalendar alloc] initWithCalendarIdentifier:NSGregorianCalendar];
unsigned units = NSYearCalendarUnit | NSMonthCalendarUnit |  NSDayCalendarUnit | NSWeekdayCalendarUnit;
NSDateComponents *components = [calendar components:units fromDate:d];
[calendar release];

switch ([components weekday]) {
case 2:
return @"Monday";
break;
case 3:
return @"Tuesday";
break;
case 4:
return @"Wednesday";
break;
case 5:
return @"Thursday";
break;
case 6:
return  @"Friday";
break;
case 7:
return  @"Saturday";
break;
case 1:
return @"Sunday";
break;
default:
return @"No Week";
break;
}

// 用components,我们可以读取其他更多的数据。

}

 

4. 用Get方式读取网络数据:

// 将网络数读取为字符串
- (NSString *) getDataByURL:(NSString *) url {
return [[NSString alloc] initWithData:[NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:[url stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]]] encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
}

//读取网络图片
- (UIImage *) getImageByURL:(NSString *) url {
return [[UIImage alloc] initWithData:[NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:[NSURL URLWithString:[url stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding]]]];
}

 

 

5. 多线程NSThread用法 :

[NSThread detachNewThreadSelector:@selector(scheduleTask) toTarget:self withObject:nil];

-(void) scheduleTask {
//create a pool
NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];

//release the pool;
[pool release];
}

//如果有参数,则这么使用:
[NSThread detachNewThreadSelector:@selector(scheduleTask:) toTarget:self withObject:[NSDate date]];

-(void) scheduleTask:(NSDate *) mdate {
//create a pool
NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];

//release the pool;
[pool release];
}

//注意selector里有冒号。

//在线程里运行主线程里的方法

    [self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(moveToMain) withObject:nil waitUntilDone:FALSE];

 

 

6. 定时器NSTimer用法:

代码

  // 一个可以自动关闭的Alert窗口

UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:nil
message:[@"一个可以自动关闭的Alert窗口"
delegate:nil
cancelButtonTitle:nil //NSLocalizedString(@"OK", @"OK")   //取消任何按钮
otherButtonTitles:nil];
//[alert setBounds:CGRectMake(alert.bounds.origin.x, alert.bounds.origin.y, alert.bounds.size.width, alert.bounds.size.height+30.0)];
[alert show];

UIActivityIndicatorView *indicator = [[UIActivityIndicatorView alloc] initWithActivityIndicatorStyle:UIActivityIndicatorViewStyleWhiteLarge];

// Adjust the indicator so it is up a few pixels from the bottom of the alert
indicator.center = CGPointMake(alert.bounds.size.width/2,  alert.bounds.size.height-40.0);
[indicator startAnimating];
[alert insertSubview:indicator atIndex:0];
[indicator release];

[NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:3.0f
target:self
selector:@selector(dismissAlert:)
userInfo:[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:alert, @"alert", @"testing ", @"key" ,nil]  //如果不用传递参数,那么可以将此项设置为nil.
repeats:NO];

NSLog(@"release alert");
[alert release];

-(void) dismissAlert:(NSTimer *)timer{

NSLog(@"release timer");
NSLog([[timer userInfo]  objectForKey:@"key"]);

UIAlertView *alert = [[timer userInfo]  objectForKey:@"alert"];
[alert dismissWithClickedButtonIndex:0 animated:YES];

}

定时器停止使用:

        [timer invalidate];
timer = nil;

 

 

 

7. 用户缺省值NSUserDefaults读取:

    //得到用户缺省值
NSUserDefaults *defs = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];

//在缺省值中找到AppleLanguages, 返回值是一个数组
NSArray* languages = [defs objectForKey:@"AppleLanguages"];
NSLog(@"all language语言 is %@", languages);

//在得到的数组中的第一个项就是用户的首选语言了
NSLog(@"首选语言 is %@",[languages objectAtIndex:0]);

//get the language & country code
NSLocale *currentLocale = [NSLocale currentLocale];

NSLog(@"Language Code is %@", [currentLocale objectForKey:NSLocaleLanguageCode]);
NSLog(@"Country Code is %@", [currentLocale objectForKey:NSLocaleCountryCode]);

 

 

8. View之间切换的动态效果设置:

    SettingsController *settings = [[SettingsController alloc]initWithNibName:@"SettingsView" bundle:nil];
settings.modalTransitionStyle = UIModalTransitionStyleFlipHorizontal;  //水平翻转
[self presentModalViewController:settings animated:YES];
[settings release];

 

 

9.NSScrollView 滑动用法:

-(void) scrollViewDidScroll:(UIScrollView *)scrollView{
NSLog(@"正在滑动中...");
}

//用户直接滑动NSScrollView,可以看到滑动条
-(void) scrollViewDidEndDecelerating:(UIScrollView *)scrollView {

}

// 通过其他控件触发NSScrollView滑动,看不到滑动条
- (void) scrollViewDidEndScrollingAnimation:(UIScrollView *)scrollView {

}

 

10. 读取全局的Delegate:

KiloNetAppDelegate *appdelegate = (KiloNetAppDelegate *)[[UIApplication sharedApplication] delegate];

 

11.键盘处理系列

//set the UIKeyboard to switch to a different text field when you press return

//switch textField to the name of your textfield
[textField becomeFirstResponder];

 

12. 半透明层的实现:

半透明层

+(void)showWaiting:(UIView *)parent {
int width = 32, height = 32;

CGRect frame = [parent frame]; //[[UIScreen mainScreen] applicationFrame];
int x = frame.size.width;
int y = frame.size.height;

frame = CGRectMake((x - width) / 2, (y - height) / 2, width, height);
UIActivityIndicatorView* progressInd = [[UIActivityIndicatorView alloc] initWithFrame:frame];
[progressInd startAnimating];
progressInd.activityIndicatorViewStyle = UIActivityIndicatorViewStyleWhiteLarge;

//    frame = CGRectMake((x - 140)/2, (y - height) / 2 + height, 140, 30);
//    UILabel *waitingLable = [[UILabel alloc] initWithFrame:frame];
//    waitingLable.text = @"Proccesing...";
//    waitingLable.textColor = [UIColor whiteColor];
//    waitingLable.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:15];
//    waitingLable.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];

frame = [parent frame];
UIView *theView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:frame];
theView.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];
theView.alpha = 0.8;

[theView addSubview:progressInd];
//  [theView addSubview:waitingLable];

[progressInd release];
//    [waitingLable release];

[theView setTag:9999];
[parent addSubview:theView];
[theView release];
}

+(void)hideWaiting:(UIView *)parent {
[[parent viewWithTag:9999] removeFromSuperview];
}

 

13. 设置View的圆角:

// 首先应用  #import <QuartzCore/QuartzCore.h>

view.layer.cornerRadius = 10;
view.layer.masksToBounds = YES;

 

14. UIWebView显示本地图片(目前有点问题,无法正确显示图片):

代码

    NSString *imagePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] resourcePath];
imagePath = [imagePath stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@"/" withString:@"//"];
imagePath = [imagePath stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString:@" " withString:@"%20"];

NSLog(@"fileurl=%@",[NSString stringWithFormat:@"file:/%@//",imagePath]);

//[self loadData:[html dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding] MIMEType:@"text/html" textEncodingName:@"UTF-8" baseURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"file:/%@//",imagePath]] ];
[self loadHTMLString:html baseURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"file:/%@//",imagePath]   ]];

NSString *path = [[NSBundle mainBundle] bundlePath];

    NSURL *baseURL = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:path];
[UIWebView loadHTMLString:html baseURL:baseURL];
//这段代码可以正确显示图片。

1. 随机数:

srandom(time(NULL)); //随机数种子

id d = random(); // 随机数

 

2. 视频播放:

    MPMoviePlayerController *moviePlayer;
moviePlayer = [[MPMoviePlayerController alloc]
initWithContentURL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"Movie" ofType:@"m4v"]]];
//初始化视频播放器对象,并传入被播放文件的地址
moviePlayer.movieControlMode = MPMovieControlModeDefault;
[moviePlayer play];
//此处有内存溢出

 

3.  启动界面显示:

iPhone软件启动后的第一屏图片是非常重要的往往就是loading载入中的意思。设置它说来也简单,但是却无比重要

只需要在resource里面将你希望设置的图片更名为Default.png,这个图片就可以成为iPhone载入的缺省图片

 

4. iPhone的系统目录:

//得到Document目录:
NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];

//得到temp临时目录:
NSString *tempPath = NSTemporaryDirectory();

//得到目录上的文件地址:
NSString *文件地址 = [目录地址 stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"文件名.扩展名"];

 

5. 状态栏显示Indicator:

 

[UIApplication sharedApplication].networkActivityIndicatorVisible = YES;

 

6.app Icon显示数字:

 

- (void)applicationDidEnterBackground:(UIApplication *)application{
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] setApplicationIconBadgeNumber:5];
}

 

7.sqlite保存地址:

 

 

代码

    NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
NSString *thePath = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
NSString *filePath = [thePath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"kilonet1.sqlite"];

NSString *dbPath = [[[NSBundle mainBundle] resourcePath]
stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"kilonet2.sqlite"];

 

8.Application退出:exit(0);

9. AlertView,ActionSheet的cancelButton点击事件:

代码

-(void) actionSheet :(UIActionSheet *) actionSheet didDismissWithButtonIndex:(NSInteger) buttonIndex {
NSLog(@"cancel actionSheet........");
//当用户按下cancel按钮
if( buttonIndex == [actionSheet cancelButtonIndex]) {
exit(0);
}
//    //当用户按下destructive按钮
//    if( buttonIndex == [actionSheet destructiveButtonIndex]) {
//        // DoSomething here.
//    }
}

- (void)alertView:(UIAlertView *)alertView willDismissWithButtonIndex:(NSInteger)buttonIndex {
NSLog(@"cancel alertView........");
if (buttonIndex == [alertView cancelButtonIndex]) {
exit(0);
}
}

 

10.给Window设置全局的背景图片:

window.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithPatternImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"coolblack.png"]];

 

11. UITextField文本框显示及对键盘的控制:

iPhone代码片段收集 - yueding920 - 王凯锋的博客代码

#pragma mark -
#pragma mark UITextFieldDelegate
//控制键盘跳转
- (BOOL)textFieldShouldReturn:(UITextField *)textField {

if (textField == _txtAccount) {
if ([_txtAccount.text length]==0) {
return NO;
}
[_txtPassword becomeFirstResponder];
} else if (textField == _txtPassword) {
[_txtPassword resignFirstResponder];
}

return YES;
}

//输入框背景更换
-(BOOL) textFieldShouldBeginEditing:(UITextField *)textField{

[textField setBackground:[UIImage imageNamed:@"ctext_field_02.png"]];

return YES;
}

-(void) textFieldDidEndEditing:(UITextField *)textField{
[textField setBackground:[UIImage imageNamed:@"ctext_field_01.png"]];
}

 

12.UITextField文本框前面空白宽度设置以及后面组合按钮设置:

代码

    //给文本输入框后面加入空白
_txtAccount.rightView = _btnDropDown;
_txtAccount.rightViewMode =  UITextFieldViewModeAlways;

//给文本输入框前面加入空白
CGRect frame = [_txtAccount frame];
frame.size.width = 5;
UIView *leftview = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:frame];
_txtAccount.leftViewMode = UITextFieldViewModeAlways;
_txtAccount.leftView = leftview;

 

13. UIScrollView 设置滑动不超出本身范围:

[fcScrollView setBounces:NO];

14. 遍历View里面所有的Subview:

iPhone代码片段收集 - yueding920 - 王凯锋的博客代码

    NSLog(@"subviews count=%d",[self.view.subviews count]);
if ([self.view.subviews count] > 0) {
for (UIView *curView in self.view.subviews) {
NSLog(@"view.subviews=%@", [NSString stringWithUTF8String:object_getClassName(curView)]);
}
}

 

14. 在drawRect里画文字:

UIFont * f = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:20];

[[UIColor darkGrayColor] set];

NSString * text = @"hi /nKiloNet";

[text drawAtPoint:CGPointMake(center.x,center.y) withFont:f];

 

15. NSArray查找是否存在对象时用indexOfObject,如果不存在则返回为NSNotFound.

 

16. NString与NSArray之间相互转换:

array = [string componentsSeparatedByString:@","];
string = [[array valueForKey:@"description"] componentsJoinedByString:@","];

 

17. TabController随意切换tab bar:

[self.tabBarController setSelectedIndex:tabIndex];

或者 self.tabBarController.selectedIndex = tabIndex;

或者实现下面的delegate来扑捉tab bar的事件:

代码

-(BOOL) tabBarController:(UITabBarController *)tabBarController shouldSelectViewController:(UIViewController *)viewController {

if ([viewController.tabBarItem.title isEqualToString: NSLocalizedString(@"Logout",nil)]) {
[self showLogout];
return NO;
}
return YES;
}

 

 

    18. 自定义View之间切换动画:
代码

- (void) pushController: (UIViewController*) controller
withTransition: (UIViewAnimationTransition) transition
{
[UIView beginAnimations:nil context:NULL];
[self pushViewController:controller animated:NO];
[UIView setAnimationDuration:.5];
[UIView setAnimationBeginsFromCurrentState:YES];
[UIView setAnimationTransition:transition forView:self.view cache:YES];
[UIView commitAnimations];
}

或者:

代码

CATransition *transition = [CATransition animation];
transition.duration = kAnimationDuration;
transition.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseInEaseOut];
transition.type = kCATransitionPush;
transition.subtype = kCATransitionFromTop;
transitioning = YES;
transition.delegate = self;
[self.navigationController.view.layer addAnimation:transition forKey:nil];

self.navigationController.navigationBarHidden = NO;
[self.navigationController pushViewController:tableViewController animated:YES];

 

19. UIWebView加载时白色显示问题解决以及字体统一设置:

uiWebView.opaque = NO;

代码

 

20.计算字符串长度:

CGFloat w = [title sizeWithFont:[UIFont fontWithName:@"Arial"size:18]].width;

 

21. iTunesLink should be your applications link

NSString *iTunesLink = @"http://phobos.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewSoftware?id=xxxxxx&mt=8";

[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:iTunesLink]];

22.时间转换NSString & NSDate:

-(NSDate *)NSStringDateToNSDate:(NSString *)string {

NSDateFormatter *formatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];

[formatter setTimeZone:[NSTimeZonetimeZoneWithAbbreviation:@"UTC"]];

[formatter setDateFormat:@"yyyy-MM-dd"];

NSDate *date = [formatter dateFromString:string];

[formatter release];

return date;

}

NSString *year = [myDate descriptionWithCalendarFormat:@"%Y" timeZone:nil locale:nil];

or
NSDateFormatter *formatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];
[formatter setDateFormat:@"yyyy"];

//Optionally for time zone converstions
[formatter setTimeZone:[NSTimeZone timeZoneWithName:@"..."]];

NSString *stringFromDate = [formatter stringFromDate:myNSDateInstance];

22。 模拟器的文件位置

其中#username#表示当前用户名:
/Users/#username#/Library/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/User/Applications/

 

23.在使用UISearchBar时,将背景色设定为clearColor,或者将translucent设为YES,都不能使背景透明,经过一番研究,发现了一种超级简单和实用的方法:

1
[[searchbar.subviews objectAtIndex:0]removeFromSuperview];

背景完全消除了,只剩下搜索框本身了。

 

24.  图像与缓存 :

UIImageView *wallpaper = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:
[UIImage imageNamed:@"icon.png"]]; // 会缓存图片

 

UIImageView *wallpaper = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:
[UIImage imageWithContentsOfFile:@"icon.png"]]; // 不会缓存图片 

 

25. iphone-常用的对视图图层(layer)的操作

对图层的操作:

(1.给图层添加背景图片:
myView.layer.contents = (id)[UIImage imageNamed:@"view_BG.png"].CGImage;

(2.将图层的边框设置为圆脚
myWebView.layer.cornerRadius = 8;
myWebView.layer.masksToBounds = YES;

(3.给图层添加一个有色边框
myWebView.layer.borderWidth = 5;
myWebView.layer.borderColor = [[UIColor colorWithRed:0.52 green:0.09 blue:0.07 alpha:1] CGColor];

 

26. UIPopoverController 使用

 

-(void) onSetting:(id) sender {

 

SplitBaseController *detail = [[SettingServerController alloc]init];

 

CGRect frame = [(UIView *)sender frame];

frame.origin.y = 0;

UIPopoverController *popwin = [[UIPopoverController alloc]initWithContentViewController:detail];

[popwin setPopoverContentSize:CGSizeMake(400, 300) animated:YES];

popwin.delegate = self;

[popwin presentPopoverFromRect: frame inView:self.viewpermittedArrowDirections:UIPopoverArrowDirectionAny animated:YES];

 

[detail release];

}

 

27.在UINavigationBar中添加左箭头返回按钮

 

在iPhone里面最讨厌的控件之一就是 UINavigationBar了。这个控件样式修改不方便,连添加按钮也特别麻烦。下面的例子是如何手动添加带箭头的按钮:

 

UINavigationItem *item = [navBar.items objectAtIndex:0];

UINavigationItem *back = [[UINavigationItem alloc] initWithTitle:@"Back"];

NSArray *items = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:back,item,nil];

[navBar setItems:items];

 

- (BOOL)navigationBar:(UINavigationBar *)navigationBar

shouldPopItem:(UINavigationItem *)item{

//在此处添加点击back按钮之后的操作代码

return NO;

}

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