Lucene从入门到熟悉(二)检索

检索

IndexSearcher ：检索操作的核心组件，用于对 IndexWriter 创建的索引执行，只读的检索操作，工作模式为接收 Query 对象而返回 ScoreDoc对象。
Term ：检索的基本单元，标示检索的字段名称和检索对象的值，如Term( “title”, “lucene” )。即表示在 title 字段中搜寻关键词 lucene 。
Query ：表示查询的抽象类，由相应的 Term 来标识。
TermQuery ：最基本的查询类型，用于匹配含有指定值字段的文档。
TopDocs:保存查询结果的类。
ScoreDoc(Hits)：用来装载搜索结果文档队列指针的数组容器。

样例代码：

package com.lucene.test.T02;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Document;
import org.apache.lucene.index.Term;
import org.apache.lucene.search.IndexSearcher;
import org.apache.lucene.search.ScoreDoc;
import org.apache.lucene.search.TermQuery;
import org.apache.lucene.search.TopDocs;
import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;

public class TestSearcher {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		Analyzer analyzer = new StandardAnalyzer();
		String indexDir = "d:/temp/luceneindex";
		Directory dir = FSDirectory.getDirectory(indexDir);
		IndexSearcher searcher = new IndexSearcher(dir);
		ScoreDoc[] hits = null;
		Term term = new Term("address", "beijing");// 查找address为nanjing的列
		TermQuery query = new TermQuery(term);
		TopDocs topDocs = searcher.search(query, 10); // 通过searcher查找,10代表查出前10条，如果不够10天则全查出

		hits = topDocs.scoreDocs;

		for (int i = 0; i < hits.length; i++) {
			Document doc = searcher.doc(hits[i].doc);
			System.out.print(hits[i].score + " ");
			System.out.print(doc.get("id") + " ");
			System.out.print(doc.get("name") + " ");
			System.out.print(doc.get("address") + " ");
			System.out.println(doc.get("birthday") + " ");
		}

		searcher.close();
		dir.close();
	}
}

输出结果：

1.287682 2 lisi beijing 19860105 
1.287682 4 zhaoliu beijing 19550719 

注意：使用前一章建立索引的例子建索引，且要注意当Term term = new Term("address", "beijing");查询address列，前一章的document.add(new Field("address",address[i], Field.Store.YES, Field.Index.NO));没有保存索引，这样是查不到结果的，要改成 Field.Index.ANALYZED。

RangSearch查找一定范围的值

package com.lucene.test.T02;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Document;
import org.apache.lucene.index.Term;
import org.apache.lucene.search.IndexSearcher;
import org.apache.lucene.search.RangeQuery;
import org.apache.lucene.search.ScoreDoc;
import org.apache.lucene.search.TopDocs;
import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;

public class TestRangSearch {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		Analyzer analyzer = new StandardAnalyzer();
		String indexDir = "d:/temp/luceneindex";
		Directory dir = FSDirectory.getDirectory(indexDir);
		IndexSearcher searcher = new IndexSearcher(dir);

		ScoreDoc[] hits = null;
		Term beginTerm = new Term("birthday", "19860105");
		Term endTerm = new Term("birthday", "19880101");

		RangeQuery query = new RangeQuery(beginTerm, endTerm, true);// RangQuery可以查找到某个范围的值

		TopDocs topDocs = searcher.search(query, 2);

		hits = topDocs.scoreDocs;
		for (int i = 0; i < hits.length; i++) {
			Document doc = searcher.doc(hits[i].doc);
			System.out.print(hits[i].score + " ");
			System.out.print(doc.get("id") + " ");
			System.out.print(doc.get("name") + " ");
			System.out.print(doc.get("address") + " ");
			System.out.println(doc.get("birthday") + " ");
		}
		searcher.close();
		dir.close();
	}
}

输出：

1.1972358 1 zhangsan shanghai 19880101 
1.1972358 2 lisi beijing 19860105 

PrefixQuery 以XX开头的查询

package com.lucene.test.T02;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Document;
import org.apache.lucene.index.Term;
import org.apache.lucene.search.IndexSearcher;
import org.apache.lucene.search.PrefixQuery;
import org.apache.lucene.search.ScoreDoc;
import org.apache.lucene.search.TopDocs;
import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;

public class TestPrefixQuery {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		Analyzer analyzer = new StandardAnalyzer();
		String indexDir = "d:/temp/luceneindex";
		Directory dir = FSDirectory.getDirectory(indexDir);
		IndexSearcher searcher = new IndexSearcher(dir);

		ScoreDoc[] hits = null;
		
		Term term=new Term("name","zh");//查找以zh开头的
		PrefixQuery query=new PrefixQuery(term);
		
		TopDocs topDocs=searcher.search(query, 10);
		
		hits=topDocs.scoreDocs;
		for(int i=0;i<hits.length;i++){
			Document doc=searcher.doc(hits[i].doc);
		    System.out.print(hits[i].score+" ");
			System.out.print(doc.get("id")+" ");
			System.out.print(doc.get("name")+" ");
			System.out.print(doc.get("address")+" ");
			System.out.println(doc.get("birthday")+" ");
		}
		searcher.close();
		dir.close();
	}
}

输出：

1.1972358 1 zhangsan shanghai 19880101 
1.1972358 4 zhaoliu beijing 19550719 

FuzzyQuery 模糊查询

package com.lucene.test.T02;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Document;
import org.apache.lucene.index.Term;
import org.apache.lucene.search.FuzzyQuery;
import org.apache.lucene.search.IndexSearcher;
import org.apache.lucene.search.ScoreDoc;
import org.apache.lucene.search.TopDocs;
import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;

public class TestFuzzyQuery {
	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		Analyzer analyzer = new StandardAnalyzer();
		String indexDir = "d:/temp/luceneindex";
		Directory dir = FSDirectory.getDirectory(indexDir);
		IndexSearcher searcher = new IndexSearcher(dir);

		ScoreDoc[] hits = null;
		Term term=new Term("name","zhangsan");
		FuzzyQuery query=new FuzzyQuery(term);
		
		TopDocs topDocs=searcher.search(query, 10);
		
		hits=topDocs.scoreDocs;
		for(int i=0;i<hits.length;i++){
			Document doc=searcher.doc(hits[i].doc);
		    System.out.print(hits[i].score+" ");
			System.out.print(doc.get("id")+" ");
			System.out.print(doc.get("name")+" ");
			System.out.print(doc.get("address")+" ");
			System.out.println(doc.get("birthday")+" ");
		}
		searcher.close();
		dir.close();
	}
}

测试时将前一章建立索引的改为String[] names = { "zhangsan", "zhangsun", "zhangson", "zhaoliu" };便于测试，

模糊查询会将 zhangsan  zhangsun  zhangson查出来

输出结果：

1.1614895 1 zhangsan shanghai 19880101 
0.8711171 2 zhangsun beijing 19860105 
0.8711171 3 zhangson guangzhou 19760205 

BooleanQuery 可以将多个查询条件组合

package com.lucene.test.T02;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.apache.lucene.analysis.Analyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.analysis.standard.StandardAnalyzer;
import org.apache.lucene.document.Document;
import org.apache.lucene.index.Term;
import org.apache.lucene.search.BooleanClause;
import org.apache.lucene.search.BooleanQuery;
import org.apache.lucene.search.IndexSearcher;
import org.apache.lucene.search.ScoreDoc;
import org.apache.lucene.search.TermQuery;
import org.apache.lucene.search.TopDocs;
import org.apache.lucene.search.WildcardQuery;
import org.apache.lucene.store.Directory;
import org.apache.lucene.store.FSDirectory;

public class TestBooleanQuery {

	public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
		Analyzer analyzer=new StandardAnalyzer();
		String indexDir = "d:/temp/luceneindex";
		Directory dir=FSDirectory.getDirectory(indexDir);
		IndexSearcher searcher=new IndexSearcher(dir);
		ScoreDoc [] hits=null;
		Term nterm=new Term("name","*g??");
		WildcardQuery wildcardQuery=new WildcardQuery(nterm);
		Term aterm=new Term("address","tianjing");
		TermQuery termQuery=new TermQuery(aterm);
		//booleanQuery 可以将多个query条件组合起来
		BooleanQuery query=new BooleanQuery();
		query.add(wildcardQuery, BooleanClause.Occur.SHOULD);//可以满足
		query.add(termQuery, BooleanClause.Occur.MUST_NOT); //必须
		TopDocs topDocs=searcher.search(query, 10);
		
		hits=topDocs.scoreDocs;
		for(int i=0;i<hits.length;i++){
			Document doc=searcher.doc(hits[i].doc);
//		    System.out.print(hits[i].score+" ");
			System.out.print(doc.get("id")+" ");
			System.out.print(doc.get("name")+" ");
			System.out.print(doc.get("address")+" ");
			System.out.println(doc.get("birthday")+" ");
		}
		searcher.close();
		dir.close();
	}
}