RedHat Linux 安装 PostgreSQL 8.4.2

下载并解包
$ tar zxvf postgresql-8.2.4.tar.gz
$ cd postgresql-8.2.4
配置
$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pgsql-8.2.4
   ...
   config.status: linking ./src/makefiles/Makefile.linux to src/Makefile.port
编译
$ make
   ...
   All of PostgreSQL successfully made. Ready to install.
测试
$ make check
   ...
   =======================
    All 103 tests passed.
   =======================
安装(root)
# su -
# groupadd postgresql
# useradd -g postgresql postgresql
# cd <安装目录>
# make install
   ...
   PostgreSQL installation complete.
# cd /usr/local
# ln -s pgsql-8.2.4 pgsql
# mkdir /usr/local/pgsql/data
# cd /usr/local/pgsql
# chown postgresql.postgresql data
初始化数据库目录(postgresql)
# su - postgresql
$ cd /usr/local/pgsql/bin
设置locale为C，并且template1编码为UNICODE，使数据库支持中文
$ ./initdb --locale=C -E UNICODE -D ../data/
   ...
   Success. You can now start the database server using:
     ./postgres -D ../data
   or
     ./pg_ctl -D ../data -l logfile start
配置环境变量及日志文件(root)
$ (^d)
# vi /etc/profile
     PATH=/usr/local/pgsql/bin:$PATH
     PGDATA=/usr/local/pgsql/data
使环境变量生效(或重启操作系统)
# export PGDATA=/usr/local/pgsql/data
# touch /var/log/pgsql.log
# chown postgresql.postgresql /var/log/pgsql.log
修改配置文件(postgresql)
$ su - postgresql
$ cd /usr/local/pgsql/data
修改配置使监听生效，取消以下两行的注释
$ vi postgresql.conf
     listen_addresses = '*' # what IP address(es) to listen on;
     port = 5432             # (change requires restart)

启动数据库(postgresql)
$ cd /usr/local/pgsql/bin
$ ./postmaster -D /usr/local/pgsql/data > /var/log/pgsql.log 2>&1 &
$ cat /var/log/psql.log
   LOG:   checkpoint record is at 0/42C424
   LOG:   redo record is at 0/42C424; undo record is at 0/0; shutdown TRUE
   LOG:   next transaction ID: 0/593; next OID: 10820
   LOG:   next MultiXactId: 1; next MultiXactOffset: 0
   LOG:   database system is ready
创建数据库dm
$ ./createdb dm
   CREATE DATABASE
创建用户
$ ./createuser -A -D -E -P dm
   Enter password for new role: 123456
   Enter it again: 123456
   Shall the new role be allowed to create more new roles? (y/n) y
   CREATE ROLE
使用psql
$ ./psql -d dm -U dm
   Welcome to psql 8.2.4, the PostgreSQL interactive terminal.
   Type:   \copyright for distribution terms
        \h for help with SQL commands
        \? for help with psql commands
        \g or terminate with semicolon to execute query
        \q to quit

   dm=> \q

*在psql中若需要使用中文，先发送：
dm=> set client_encoding to 'gbk';

配置数据库自启动脚本(root)
$ (^d)
# cd /etc/rc.d/init.d
# cp (安装目录)/postgresql-8.2.4/contrib/start-script/linux postgresql
# chmod +x postgresql
# vi postgresql
     prefix=/usr/local/pgsql
     PGDATA="/usr/local/pgsql/data"
     PGUSER=postgresql
     PGLOG="/var/log/pgsql.log"
# chkconfig --add postgresql
重启数据库
# /etc/rc.d/init.d/postgresql restart
=== 配置完成 ===