MongoDB 安装及测试
为了学习先单机安装，尝试一下mongodb的魅力。当前最新版本为3.0，目前我们以2.6.8版本为例，后续再专门了解一下mongodb 3.0。
下载地址：http://www.mongodb.org/downloads
一、下载安装、配置
下载：wget http://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.8.tgz（也可以通过下载源码编译）
解压：tar-zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.8.tgz
重命名：mv mongodb-linux-x86_64-2.6.8 mongodb-2.6.8
创建数据和日志存储文件夹：
cd mongodb-2.6.8
mkdir data
mkdir logs
touch ./logs/mongodb.log
安装目录bin下文件：
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 mongo mongo 23377044 Feb 24 10:21 bsondump -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mongo mongo 11658496 Feb 24 10:21 mongo -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mongo mongo 23565076 Feb 24 10:21 mongod -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mongo mongo 23448820 Feb 24 10:20 mongodump -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mongo mongo 23396212 Feb 24 10:20 mongoexport -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mongo mongo 23441152 Feb 24 10:21 mongofiles -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mongo mongo 23416180 Feb 24 10:20 mongoimport -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mongo mongo 23387380 Feb 24 10:21 mongooplog -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mongo mongo 23194084 Feb 24 10:21 mongoperf -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mongo mongo 23487572 Feb 24 10:20 mongorestore -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mongo mongo 18136944 Feb 24 10:21 mongos -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mongo mongo 23437780 Feb 24 10:21 mongostat -rwxr-xr-x. 1 mongo mongo 23380116 Feb 24 10:21 mongotop
二、启动、关闭
1、正常启动
启动mongodb(如果采用安全认证模式，需要加上--auth选项，--fork以创建子进程的方式运行)：
./bin/mongod --dbpath=/home/mongo/mongodb-2.6.8/data --logpath=/home/mongo/mongodb-2.6.8/logs/mongodb.log --logappend &
默认启动27017端口。
2、以修复模式启动
mongod --repair
以修复模式启动数据库。
3、终止服务器进程
>use admin;
>db.shutdownServer();
终止数据库服务器进程
也可以：ps -ef |grep mongod 通过kill -9 pid 关闭
mongod命令说明：
[mongo@salve-f mongodb-2.6.8]$ ./bin/mongod --help
Options:
General options:
-h [ --help ] show this usage information
--version show version information
-f [ --config ] arg configuration file specifying additional options
-v [ --verbose ] [=arg(=v)] be more verbose (include multiple times for more
verbosity e.g. -vvvvv)
--quiet quieter output
--port arg specify port number - 27017 by default
--bind_ip arg comma separated list of ip addresses to listen on
- all local ips by default
--maxConns arg max number of simultaneous connections - 1000000
by default
--logpath arg log file to send write to instead of stdout - has
to be a file, not directory
--syslog log to system's syslog facility instead of file
or stdout
--syslogFacility arg syslog facility used for monogdb syslog message
--logappend append to logpath instead of over-writing
--timeStampFormat arg Desired format for timestamps in log messages.
One of ctime, iso8601-utc or iso8601-local
--pidfilepath arg full path to pidfile (if not set, no pidfile is
created)
--keyFile arg private key for cluster authentication
--setParameter arg Set a configurable parameter
--httpinterface enable http interface
--clusterAuthMode arg Authentication mode used for cluster
authentication. Alternatives are
(keyFile|sendKeyFile|sendX509|x509)
--nounixsocket disable listening on unix sockets
--unixSocketPrefix arg alternative directory for UNIX domain sockets
(defaults to /tmp)
--fork fork server process
--auth run with security
--noauth run without security
--ipv6 enable IPv6 support (disabled by default)
--jsonp allow JSONP access via http (has security
implications)
--rest turn on simple rest api
--slowms arg (=100) value of slow for profile and console log
--profile arg 0=off 1=slow, 2=all
--cpu periodically show cpu and iowait utilization
--sysinfo print some diagnostic system information
--dbpath arg directory for datafiles - defaults to /data/db
--directoryperdb each database will be stored in a separate
directory
--noIndexBuildRetry don't retry any index builds that were
interrupted by shutdown
--noprealloc disable data file preallocation - will often hurt
performance
--nssize arg (=16) .ns file size (in MB) for new databases
--quota limits each database to a certain number of files
(8 default)
--quotaFiles arg number of files allowed per db, implies --quota
--smallfiles use a smaller default file size
--syncdelay arg (=60) seconds between disk syncs (0=never, but not
recommended)
--upgrade upgrade db if needed
--repair run repair on all dbs
--repairpath arg root directory for repair files - defaults to
dbpath
--noscripting disable scripting engine
--notablescan do not allow table scans
--journal enable journaling
--nojournal disable journaling (journaling is on by default
for 64 bit)
--journalOptions arg journal diagnostic options
--journalCommitInterval arg how often to group/batch commit (ms)
--shutdown kill a running server (for init scripts)
Replication options:
--oplogSize arg size to use (in MB) for replication op log. default is
5% of disk space (i.e. large is good)
Master/slave options (old; use replica sets instead):
--master master mode
--slave slave mode
--source arg when slave: specify master as <server:port>
--only arg when slave: specify a single database to replicate
--slavedelay arg specify delay (in seconds) to be used when applying
master ops to slave
--autoresync automatically resync if slave data is stale
Replica set options:
--replSet arg arg is <setname>[/<optionalseedhostlist>]
--replIndexPrefetch arg specify index prefetching behavior (if secondary)
[none|_id_only|all]
Sharding options:
--configsvr declare this is a config db of a cluster; default port
27019; default dir /data/configdb
--shardsvr declare this is a shard db of a cluster; default port
三、客户端命令测试
使用客户端命令连接mongodb：
> mongo (可以指定IP、端口、及数据库等)
> use test_db; //创建数据库
> db.createCollection("test"); //创建表
> db.test_db.save({"name":"jetty","age":25}); //添加数据
> db.test_db.test.find(); //查询数据
{ "_id" : ObjectId("5503f6e856d0297944b9c8f0"), "name" : "jetty", "age" : 25 }