configparse python

http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_6a8a7dec0101dbk1.html


一、ConfigParser简介
ConfigParser 是用来读取配置文件的包。配置文件的格式如下:中括号“[ ]”内包含的为section。section 下面为类似于key-value 的配置内容。
1: [db]

2: db_host = 127.0.0.1

3: db_port = 22

4: db_user = root

5: db_pass = rootroot

6:

7: [concurrent]

8: thread = 10

9: processor = 20

中括号“[ ]”内包含的为section。紧接着section 为类似于key-value 的options 的配置内容。

二、ConfigParser 初始工作
使用ConfigParser 首选需要初始化实例,并读取配置文件:
1: cf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser()

2: cf.read("配置文件名")


三、ConfigParser 常用方法
1. 获取所有sections。也就是将配置文件中所有“[ ]”读取到列表中:
1: s = cf.sections()

2: print 'section:', s

将输出(以下将均以简介中配置文件为例):
1: section: ['db', 'concurrent']

2. 获取指定section 的options。即将配置文件某个section 内key 读取到列表中:
1: o = cf.options("db")

2: print 'options:', o

将输出:
1: options: ['db_host', 'db_port', 'db_user', 'db_pass']

3. 获取指定section 的配置信息。
1: v = cf.items("db")

2: print 'db:', v

将输出:
1: db: [('db_host', '127.0.0.1'), ('db_port', '22'), ('db_user', 'root'), ('db_pass', 'rootroot')]

4. 按照类型读取指定section 的option 信息。
同样的还有getfloat、getboolean。
1: #可以按照类型读取出来

2: db_host = cf.get("db", "db_host")

3: db_port = cf.getint("db", "db_port")

4: db_user = cf.get("db", "db_user")

5: db_pass = cf.get("db", "db_pass")

6:

7: # 返回的是整型的

8: threads = cf.getint("concurrent", "thread")

9: processors = cf.getint("concurrent", "processor")

10:

11: print "db_host:", db_host

12: print "db_port:", db_port

13: print "db_user:", db_user

14: print "db_pass:", db_pass

15: print "thread:", threads

16: print "processor:", processors

将输出:
1: db_host: 127.0.0.1

2: db_port: 22

3: db_user: root

4: db_pass: rootroot

5: thread: 10

6: processor: 20

5. 设置某个option 的值。(记得最后要写回)
1: cf.set("db", "db_pass", "zhaowei")

2: cf.write(open("test.conf", "w"))

6.添加一个section。(同样要写回)
1: cf.add_section('liuqing')

2: cf.set('liuqing', 'int', '15')

3: cf.set('liuqing', 'bool', 'true')

4: cf.set('liuqing', 'float', '3.1415')

5: cf.set('liuqing', 'baz', 'fun')

6: cf.set('liuqing', 'bar', 'Python')

7: cf.set('liuqing', 'foo', '%(bar)s is %(baz)s!')

8: cf.write(open("test.conf", "w"))

7. 移除section 或者option 。(只要进行了修改就要写回的哦)
1: cf.remove_option('liuqing','int')

2: cf.remove_section('liuqing')

3: cf.write(open("test.conf", "w"))

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