apache 2.4.1版本linux CentOS 6.0源代码安装完整过程

‍‍一:安装前检查工作准备
1：make gcc检查是否安装
#rpm    -q    make
#rpm    -q    gcc
如果已经安装会有提示
1)运行:rpm -qa |grep -E "gcc|make"
gcc-4.4.7-16.el6.i686
gcc-c++-4.4.7-16.el6.i686
libgcc-4.4.7-16.el6.i686
make-3.81-20.el6.i686
automake-1.11.1-4.el6.noarch
如果安装会提示上面的信息,如果没有安装编译工具则在对解压后的源代码包执行./configure命令时会报错：

‍2)检查apach是否安装，如果安装需先删除掉,要卸载的话首先查看服务是否开启：
运行 netstat –tnl 查看端口是否开启，先停服务再卸载。

3)如果是用 rpm方式安装的，则先查找已经安装的包：
#rpm    -qa|grep httpd
#rpm    -qa|grep mysql
#rpm    -qa|grep php
#rpm   –e 包名--nodeps //考虑到包与包之间的依赖关系，有时要强制卸载

3)如果是使用源代码包安装方式，则停掉服务后直接删除安装目录。我们可以查看各个软件的
安装路径：
#whereis    mysql
#whereis    httpd
#whereis    php
然后用删除命令删除#rm –rf文件目录名

二、软件包准备
1.apr
wget http://mirrors.noc.im/apache//apr/apr-1.5.2.tar.gz
2.apr-util
wget http://mirrors.noc.im/apache//apr/apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz
3.pcre
wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.37.tar.bz2
4:libtool-2.4.2.tar.gz版本过低可能会出现错误，安装最新的版本
wget http://ftpmirror.gnu.org/libtool/libtool-2.4.2.tar.gz

三软件包安装
1) apr安装
cd /usr/local/src/进去下载的源码包目录
tar zxvf apr-1.5.2.tar.gz
cd apr-1.5.2
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr
make && make install

2) libtool-2.4.2.tar.gz
tar zxvf liblibtool-2.4.2.tar.gz
cd lib-2.4.2
./configigure
make && make install

3) apr-util
tar zxvf apr-util-1.5.4.tar.gz
cd apr-util
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr
make && make install

4) 安装pcre
tar zxvf pcre-8.37
cd pcre-pcre-8.37
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre
make && make install

四、编译安装httpd-2.4.1.tar.gz
cd httpd-2.4.1

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/http2 \
--enable-modules=all \
--enable-rewrite \
--enable-mods-shared=all \
--enable-so \
--with-mpm=prefork \
--enable-cache \
--with-apr=/usr/local/apr \
--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util \
--enable-rewrite \
--with-pcre=/usr/local/pcre

6:添加服务选项
chkconfig --add httpd
chkconfig --level 35 httpd on

7:服务apach服务到/etc/init.d/httpd
cp /usr/local/http2/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/httpd

service httpd start 启动apach服务

8:常见安装问题

1）环境变量和动态库问题

PATH和LD_LIBRARY_PATH本质都是变量，所谓变量的意思就是由别人赋值产生的，直觉往往会让我们添加和减少这个变量本身的某些路 径，实际上这是不正确的。正确的做法是我们要去修改赋予这个变量数值的那些配置文件，加一条路径或者减一条。说到底变量只关乎显示，不关乎其用于显示的内 容。

PATH:  可执行程序的查找路径

查看当前环境变量:

echo $PATH

 设置: 

方法一： export PATH=PATH:/XXX 但是登出后就失效

方法二：修改~/.bashrc或~/.bash_profile或系统级别的/etc/profile

                  1. 在其中添加例如export PATH=/opt/ActivePython-2.7/bin:$PATH

                  2. source .bashrc  (Source命令也称为“点命令”，也就是一个点符号（.）。source命令通常用于重新执行 刚修改的初始化文件，使之立即生效，而不必注销并重新登录)

 

 

LD_LIBRARY_PATH: 动态库的查找路径

设置：

方法一： export  LD_LIBRARY_PATH=LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/XXX 但是登出后就失效

方法二：  修改~/.bashrc或~/.bash_profile或系统级别的/etc/profile

                  1. 在其中添加例如export PATH=/opt/ActiveP/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

                  2. source .bashrc  (Source命令也称为“点命令”，也就是一个点符号（.）。

source命令通常用于重新执行刚修改的初始化文件，使之立即生效，而不必注销并重新登录)

方法三：这个没有修改LD_LIBRARY_PATH但是效果是一样的实现动态库的查找， 

                1. /etc/ld.so.conf下面加一行/usr/local/mysql/lib

                2. 保存过后ldconfig一下（ldconfig 命令的用途,主要是在默认搜寻目录(/lib和/usr/lib)以及动态库配置文件/etc/ld.so.conf内所列的目录下,搜索出可共享的动态 链接库(格式如前介绍,lib*.so*),进而创建出动态装入程序(ld.so)所需的连接和缓存文件.缓存文件默认为/etc /ld.so.cache,此文件保存已排好序的动态链接库名字列表.）

2)依赖包问题

根据提示安装依赖包,常用依赖包yum 安装

1：安装环境准备
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

#Nginx
yum -y install pcre-devel zlib-devel

#Php
yum -y install gd-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel freetype-devel libxml2-devel curl-devel freetype-devel

#Mysql
yum -y install bison gcc gcc-c++ autoconf automake zlib* libxml* ncurses-devel libtool-ltdl-devel* mysql-devel

9:configure --help英文参数

Configuration:
  -h, --help              display this help and exit
      --help=short        display options specific to this package
      --help=recursive    display the short help of all the included packages
  -V, --version           display version information and exit
  -q, --quiet, --silent   do not print `checking ...' messages
      --cache-file=FILE   cache test results in FILE [disabled]
  -C, --config-cache      alias for `--cache-file=config.cache'
  -n, --no-create         do not create output files
      --srcdir=DIR        find the sources in DIR [configure dir or `..']

Installation directories:
  --prefix=PREFIX         install architecture-independent files in PREFIX
                          [/usr/local/apache2]
  --exec-prefix=EPREFIX   install architecture-dependent files in EPREFIX
                          [PREFIX]

By default, `make install' will install all the files in
`/usr/local/apache2/bin', `/usr/local/apache2/lib' etc.  You can specify
an installation prefix other than `/usr/local/apache2' using `--prefix',
for instance `--prefix=$HOME'.

For better control, use the options below.

Fine tuning of the installation directories:
  --bindir=DIR            user executables [EPREFIX/bin]
  --sbindir=DIR           system admin executables [EPREFIX/sbin]
  --libexecdir=DIR        program executables [EPREFIX/libexec]
  --sysconfdir=DIR        read-only single-machine data [PREFIX/etc]
  --sharedstatedir=DIR    modifiable architecture-independent data [PREFIX/com]
  --localstatedir=DIR     modifiable single-machine data [PREFIX/var]
  --libdir=DIR            object code libraries [EPREFIX/lib]
  --includedir=DIR        C header files [PREFIX/include]
  --oldincludedir=DIR     C header files for non-gcc [/usr/include]
  --datarootdir=DIR       read-only arch.-independent data root [PREFIX/share]
  --datadir=DIR           read-only architecture-independent data [DATAROOTDIR]
  --infodir=DIR           info documentation [DATAROOTDIR/info]
  --localedir=DIR         locale-dependent data [DATAROOTDIR/locale]
  --mandir=DIR            man documentation [DATAROOTDIR/man]
  --docdir=DIR            documentation root [DATAROOTDIR/doc/PACKAGE]
  --htmldir=DIR           html documentation [DOCDIR]
  --dvidir=DIR            dvi documentation [DOCDIR]
  --pdfdir=DIR            pdf documentation [DOCDIR]
  --psdir=DIR             ps documentation [DOCDIR]

System types:
  --build=BUILD     configure for building on BUILD [guessed]
  --host=HOST       cross-compile to build programs to run on HOST [BUILD]
  --target=TARGET   configure for building compilers for TARGET [HOST]

Optional Features:
  --disable-option-checking  ignore unrecognized --enable/--with options
  --disable-FEATURE       do not include FEATURE (same as --enable-FEATURE=no)
  --enable-FEATURE[=ARG]  include FEATURE [ARG=yes]
  --enable-layout=LAYOUT
  --enable-dtrace         Enable DTrace probes
  --enable-hook-probes    Enable APR hook probes
  --enable-exception-hook Enable fatal exception hook
  --enable-load-all-modules
                          Load all modules
  --enable-maintainer-mode
                          Turn on debugging and compile time warnings and load
                          all compiled modules
  --enable-debugger-mode  Turn on debugging and compile time warnings and turn
                          off optimization
  --enable-pie            Build httpd as a Position Independent Executable
  --enable-modules=MODULE-LIST
                          Space-separated list of modules to enable | "all" |
                          "most" | "few" | "none" | "reallyall"
  --enable-mods-shared=MODULE-LIST
                          Space-separated list of shared modules to enable |
                          "all" | "most" | "few" | "reallyall"
  --enable-mods-static=MODULE-LIST
                          Space-separated list of static modules to enable |
                          "all" | "most" | "few" | "reallyall"
  --disable-authn-file    file-based authentication control
  --enable-authn-dbm      DBM-based authentication control
  --enable-authn-anon     anonymous user authentication control
  --enable-authn-dbd      SQL-based authentication control
  --enable-authn-socache  Cached authentication control
  --disable-authn-core    core authentication module
  --disable-authz-host    host-based authorization control
  --disable-authz-groupfile
                          'require group' authorization control
  --disable-authz-user    'require user' authorization control
  --enable-authz-dbm      DBM-based authorization control
  --enable-authz-owner    'require file-owner' authorization control
  --enable-authz-dbd      SQL based authorization and Login/Session support
  --disable-authz-core    core authorization provider vector module
  --enable-authnz-ldap    LDAP based authentication
  --disable-access-compat mod_access compatibility
  --disable-auth-basic    basic authentication
  --enable-auth-form      form authentication
  --enable-auth-digest    RFC2617 Digest authentication
  --enable-allowmethods   restrict allowed HTTP methods
  --enable-isapi          isapi extension support
  --enable-file-cache     File cache
  --enable-cache          dynamic file caching. At least one storage
                          management module (e.g. mod_cache_disk) is also
                          necessary.
  --enable-cache-disk     disk caching module
  --enable-socache-shmcb  shmcb small object cache provider
  --enable-socache-dbm    dbm small object cache provider
  --enable-socache-memcache
                          memcache small object cache provider
  --enable-socache-dc     distcache small object cache provider
  --enable-so             DSO capability. This module will be automatically
                          enabled unless you build all modules statically.
  --enable-watchdog       Watchdog module
  --enable-dbd            Apache DBD Framework
  --enable-bucketeer      buckets manipulation filter. Useful only for
                          developers and testing purposes.
  --enable-dumpio         I/O dump filter
  --enable-echo           ECHO server
  --enable-example-hooks  Example hook callback handler module
  --enable-case-filter    Example uppercase conversion filter
  --enable-case-filter-in Example uppercase conversion input filter
  --enable-example-ipc    Example of shared memory and mutex usage
  --enable-buffer         Filter Buffering
  --enable-data           RFC2397 data encoder
  --enable-ratelimit      Output Bandwidth Limiting
  --disable-reqtimeout    Limit time waiting for request from client
  --enable-ext-filter     external filter module
  --enable-request        Request Body Filtering
  --enable-include        Server Side Includes
  --disable-filter        Smart Filtering
  --enable-reflector      Reflect request through the output filter stack
  --enable-substitute     response content rewrite-like filtering
  --enable-sed            filter request and/or response bodies through sed
  --disable-charset-lite  character set translation. Enabled by default only
                          on EBCDIC systems.
  --enable-charset-lite   character set translation. Enabled by default only
                          on EBCDIC systems.
  --enable-deflate        Deflate transfer encoding support
  --enable-xml2enc        i18n support for markup filters
  --enable-proxy-html     Fix HTML Links in a Reverse Proxy
  --enable-http           HTTP protocol handling. The http module is a basic
                          one that enables the server to function as an HTTP
                          server. It is only useful to disable it if you want
                          to use another protocol module instead. Don't
                          disable this module unless you are really sure what
                          you are doing. Note: This module will always be
                          linked statically.
  --disable-mime          mapping of file-extension to MIME. Disabling this
                          module is normally not recommended.
  --enable-ldap           LDAP caching and connection pooling services
  --disable-log-config    logging configuration. You won't be able to log
                          requests to the server without this module.
  --enable-log-debug      configurable debug logging
  --enable-log-forensic   forensic logging
  --enable-logio          input and output logging
  --enable-lua            Apache Lua Framework
  --enable-luajit         Enable LuaJit Support
  --disable-env           clearing/setting of ENV vars
  --enable-mime-magic     automagically determining MIME type
  --enable-cern-meta      CERN-type meta files
  --enable-expires        Expires header control
  --disable-headers       HTTP header control
  --enable-ident          RFC 1413 identity check
  --enable-usertrack      user-session tracking
  --enable-unique-id      per-request unique ids
  --disable-setenvif      basing ENV vars on headers
  --disable-version       determining httpd version in config files
  --enable-remoteip       translate header contents to an apparent client
                          remote_ip
  --enable-proxy          Apache proxy module
  --enable-proxy-connect  Apache proxy CONNECT module. Requires and is enabled
                          by --enable-proxy.
  --enable-proxy-ftp      Apache proxy FTP module. Requires and is enabled by
                          --enable-proxy.
  --enable-proxy-http     Apache proxy HTTP module. Requires and is enabled by
                          --enable-proxy.
  --enable-proxy-fcgi     Apache proxy FastCGI module. Requires and is enabled
                          by --enable-proxy.
  --enable-proxy-scgi     Apache proxy SCGI module. Requires and is enabled by
                          --enable-proxy.
  --enable-proxy-fdpass   Apache proxy to Unix Daemon Socket module. Requires
                          --enable-proxy.
  --enable-proxy-ajp      Apache proxy AJP module. Requires and is enabled by
                          --enable-proxy.
  --enable-proxy-balancer Apache proxy BALANCER module. Requires and is
                          enabled by --enable-proxy.
  --enable-proxy-express  mass reverse-proxy module. Requires --enable-proxy.
  --enable-session        session module
  --enable-session-cookie session cookie module
  --enable-session-crypto session crypto module
  --enable-session-dbd    session dbd module
  --enable-slotmem-shm    slotmem provider that uses shared memory
  --enable-slotmem-plain  slotmem provider that uses plain memory
  --enable-ssl            SSL/TLS support (mod_ssl)
  --enable-optional-hook-export
                          example optional hook exporter
  --enable-optional-hook-import
                          example optional hook importer
  --enable-optional-fn-import
                          example optional function importer
  --enable-optional-fn-export
                          example optional function exporter
  --enable-dialup         rate limits static files to dialup modem speeds
  --enable-static-support Build a statically linked version of the support
                          binaries
  --enable-static-htpasswd
                          Build a statically linked version of htpasswd
  --enable-static-htdigest
                          Build a statically linked version of htdigest
  --enable-static-rotatelogs
                          Build a statically linked version of rotatelogs
  --enable-static-logresolve
                          Build a statically linked version of logresolve
  --enable-static-htdbm   Build a statically linked version of htdbm
  --enable-static-ab      Build a statically linked version of ab
  --enable-static-checkgid
                          Build a statically linked version of checkgid
  --enable-static-htcacheclean
                          Build a statically linked version of htcacheclean
  --enable-static-httxt2dbm
                          Build a statically linked version of httxt2dbm
  --enable-static-fcgistarter
                          Build a statically linked version of fcgistarter
  --enable-lbmethod-byrequests
                          Apache proxy Load balancing by request counting
  --enable-lbmethod-bytraffic
                          Apache proxy Load balancing by traffic counting
  --enable-lbmethod-bybusyness
                          Apache proxy Load balancing by busyness
  --enable-lbmethod-heartbeat
                          Apache proxy Load balancing from Heartbeats
  --enable-mpms-shared=MPM-LIST
                          Space-separated list of MPM modules to enable for
                          dynamic loading. MPM-LIST=list | "all"
  --enable-unixd          unix specific support
  --enable-privileges     Per-virtualhost Unix UserIDs and enhanced security
                          for Solaris
  --enable-heartbeat      Generates Heartbeats
  --enable-heartmonitor   Collects Heartbeats
  --enable-dav            WebDAV protocol handling. --enable-dav also enables
                          mod_dav_fs
  --disable-status        process/thread monitoring
  --disable-autoindex     directory listing
  --enable-asis           as-is filetypes
  --enable-info           server information
  --enable-suexec         set uid and gid for spawned processes
  --enable-cgid           CGI scripts. Enabled by default with threaded MPMs
  --enable-cgi            CGI scripts. Enabled by default with non-threaded
                          MPMs
  --enable-dav-fs         DAV provider for the filesystem. --enable-dav also
                          enables mod_dav_fs.
  --enable-dav-lock       DAV provider for generic locking
  --enable-vhost-alias    mass virtual hosting module
  --enable-negotiation    content negotiation
  --disable-dir           directory request handling
  --enable-imagemap       server-side imagemaps
  --enable-actions        Action triggering on requests
  --enable-speling        correct common URL misspellings
  --enable-userdir        mapping of requests to user-specific directories
  --disable-alias         mapping of requests to different filesystem parts
  --enable-rewrite        rule based URL manipulation
  --enable-v4-mapped      Allow IPv6 sockets to handle IPv4 connections

Optional Packages:
  --with-PACKAGE[=ARG]    use PACKAGE [ARG=yes]
  --without-PACKAGE       do not use PACKAGE (same as --with-PACKAGE=no)
  --with-included-apr     Use bundled copies of APR/APR-Util
  --with-apr=PATH         prefix for installed APR or the full path to
                             apr-config
  --with-apr-util=PATH    prefix for installed APU or the full path to
                             apu-config
  --with-pcre=PATH        Use external PCRE library
  --with-port=PORT        Port on which to listen (default is 80)
  --with-sslport=SSLPORT  Port on which to securelisten (default is 443)
  --with-distcache=DIR    Distcache installation directory
  --with-z=DIR            use a specific zlib library
  --with-libxml2          location for libxml2
  --with-lua=PATH         Path to the Lua 5.1 prefix
  --with-ssl=DIR          OpenSSL base directory
  --with-mpm=MPM          Choose the process model for Apache to use by
                          default. MPM={event|worker|prefork|winnt} This will
                          be statically linked as the only available MPM
                          unless --enable-mpms-shared is also specified.
  --with-module=module-type:module-file
                          Enable module-file in the modules/<module-type>
                          directory.
  --with-program-name     alternate executable name
  --with-suexec-bin       Path to suexec binary
  --with-suexec-caller    User allowed to call SuExec
  --with-suexec-userdir   User subdirectory
  --with-suexec-docroot   SuExec root directory
  --with-suexec-uidmin    Minimal allowed UID
  --with-suexec-gidmin    Minimal allowed GID
  --with-suexec-logfile   Set the logfile
  --with-suexec-safepath  Set the safepath
  --with-suexec-umask     umask for suexec'd process