s2s4h4框架整合之平台搭建（1）
哎呀，妈呀，花了整整一个周末的双休时间，ssh框架的整合，对于我这样的菜鸟，我确实是无语啦，不过也是的，我搭建的是最struts2 和hibernate以及spring都是最新版的，跟视频和网上都有一些小小变动，这简直要了我的命，对刚入门和我一样的菜鸟们，贴上源码及步骤，希望少走弯路。保持学习的积极性和健康性。
废话胡多说了，参考视频中的ssh的建立步骤：（文字性的描述，结合图片）
忘了一件事：首先来看看我的目录结构：
一、 加入 Spring
1、 加入 jar 包（这个就不废话了）
2、配置 web.xml 文件
主要是配置ContextLoaderListener（快捷键art+/有提示，以免菜鸟手工出错）
<!-- needed for ContextLoaderListener -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- Bootstraps the root web application context before servlet initialization -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
3、 加入 Spring 的配置文件.
applicationContext.xml（暂时空着）
二、加入 Hibernate
1、 同时建立持久化类, 和其对应的 .hbm.xml 文件, 生成对应的数据表
Department.java
package com.tian.ssh.entity;
public class Department {
private Integer id;
private String departmentName;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getDepartmentName() {
return departmentName;
}
public void setDepartmentName(String departmentName) {
this.departmentName = departmentName;
}
}
Employee.java
package com.tian.ssh.entity;
import java.util.Date;
public class Employee {
private Integer id;
private String lastName;
private String email;
private Date birth;
private Date createTime;
private Department department;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public Date getBirth() {
return birth;
}
public void setBirth(Date birth) {
this.birth = birth;
}
public Date getCreateTime() {
return createTime;
}
public void setCreateTime(Date createTime) {
this.createTime = createTime;
}
public Department getDepartment() {
return department;
}
public void setDepartment(Department department) {
this.department = department;
}
}
Department.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2015-8-15 11:45:30 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.tian.ssh.entity.Department" table="SSH_DEPARTMENT">
<id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
<column name="ID" />
<generator class="native" />
</id>
<property name="departmentName" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="DEPARTMENT_NAME" />
</property>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
Employee.hbm.xml
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2015-8-15 11:45:30 by Hibernate Tools 3.4.0.CR1 -->
<hibernate-mapping>
<class name="com.tian.ssh.entity.Employee" table="SSH_EMPLOYEE">
<id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
<column name="ID" />
<generator class="native" />
</id>
<property name="lastName" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="LAST_NAME" />
</property>
<property name="email" type="java.lang.String">
<column name="EMAIL" />
</property>
<property name="birth" type="java.util.Date">
<column name="BIRTH" />
</property>
<property name="createTime" type="java.util.Date">
<column name="CREATE_TIME" />
</property>
<many-to-one name="department" class="com.tian.ssh.entity.Department" >
<column name="DEPARTMENT_ID" />
</many-to-one>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
2、 Spring 整合 Hibernate
3、步骤:
①. 加入 jar 包（把解压后的lib/requied加入，lib/optional/c3p0中的c3p0-0.9.2.1.jar，mchange-commons-java-0.2.3.4.jar加入）
②. 在类路径下加入 hibernate.cfg.xml 文件, 在其中配置 hibernate 的基本属性
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<!-- 配置hibernate的基本属性 -->
<!-- 方言 -->
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL57InnoDBDialect</property>
<!-- 是否显示及格式化sql语句 -->
<property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>
<property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>
<!-- 生成数据表的策略 -->
<property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
<!-- 二级缓存 -->
<!-- ======================================================= -->
<property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
注意：各个版本方言版本可能不一样，crtl +alt+T快捷键查下<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL57InnoDBDialect</property>
③. 建立持久化类, 和其对应的 .hbm.xml 文件
如上面所示，已建好。
④. 和 Spring 进行整合
i. 加入 c3p0 和 MySQL 的驱动
ii. 在 Spring 的配置文件中配置: 数据源, SessionFactory, 声明式事务
我就把整合好后的applicationContext.xml贴出来：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.1.xsd">
<!-- 导入资源文件 -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
<!-- 配置C3P0数据源 -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
<property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"></property>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"></property>
<property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"></property>
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.jdbcUrl}"></property>
<property name="initialPoolSize" value="${jdbc.initPoolSize}"></property>
<property name="maxPoolSize" value="${jdbc.maxPoolSize}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- 配置sessionFactory -->
<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"></property>
<property name="mappingLocations" value="classpath:com/tian/ssh/entity/*.hbm.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!-- ========================================================================================== -->
</beans>
db.properties文件如下：
jdbc.user=root jdbc.password=123 jdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver jdbc.jdbcUrl=jdbc:mysql:///ssh2 jdbc.initPoolSize=5 jdbc.maxPoolSize=10
⑤. 启动项目, 会看到生成对应的数据表（在数据库hibernate会自动帮我们生成）
三、加入 Struts2
1、 加入 jar 包: 若有重复的 jar 包, 则需要删除版本较低的. javassist-3.11.0.GA.jar（这个选择app里面的blank，不需要lib下的）
2、在 web.xml 文件中配置 Struts2 的 Filter
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1"> <!-- needed for ContextLoaderListener --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext*.xml</param-value> </context-param> <!-- Bootstraps the root web application context before servlet initialization --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- struts2 filter的配置 --> <filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <filter> <filter-name>SpringOpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>SpringOpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>3、 加入 Struts2 的配置文件Struts.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC
"-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd">
<struts>
<constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="false" />
<constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />
<package name="default" namespace="/" extends="struts-default">
<action name="emp-*" class="employeeAction"
method="{1}">
<result name="list">/WEB-INF/views/emp-list.jsp</result>
</action>
</package>
</struts>
4、 整合 Spring
①. 加入 Struts2 的 Spring 插件的 jar 包（在lib下）
②. 在 Spring 的配置文件中正常配置 Action, 注意 Action 的 scope 为 prototype
③. 在 Struts2 的配置文件中配置 Action 时, class 属性指向该 Action 在 IOC 中的 id
struts的bean文件：applicationContext-beans.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <bean id="employeeDao" class="com.tian.ssh.dao.EmployeeDao"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property> </bean> <bean id="employeeService" class="com.tian.ssh.service.EmployeeService"> <property name="employeeDao" ref="employeeDao"></property> </bean> <bean id="employeeAction" class="com.tian.ssh.actions.EmployeeAction" scope="prototype"> <property name="employeeService" ref="employeeService"></property> </bean> </beans>
如走来结构图所示的，其他几个类和页面的显示：
EmployeeAction.java
package com.tian.ssh.actions;
import java.util.Map;
import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.RequestAware;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
import com.tian.ssh.service.EmployeeService;
public class EmployeeAction extends ActionSupport implements RequestAware {
private EmployeeService employeeService;
public void setEmployeeService(EmployeeService employeeService) {
this.employeeService = employeeService;
}
public String list(){
request.put("employees", employeeService.getAll());
return "list";
}
private Map<String, Object> request;
@Override
public void setRequest(Map<String, Object> arg0) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
this.request = arg0;
}
}
EmployeeDao.java
package com.tian.ssh.dao;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import com.tian.ssh.entity.Employee;
public class EmployeeDao {
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
}
public Session getSession() {
return this.sessionFactory.getCurrentSession();
}
public List<Employee> getAll() {
String hql = "FROM Employee e LEFT OUTER JOIN FETCH e.department";
List<Employee> list1 = null;
try {
Transaction transaction = null;
transaction = getSession().beginTransaction();
list1 = getSession().createQuery(hql).list();
} catch (Exception e) {
// TODO: handle exception
e.printStackTrace();
}
return list1;
}
}
EmployeeService.java
package com.tian.ssh.service;
import java.util.List;
import com.tian.ssh.dao.EmployeeDao;
import com.tian.ssh.entity.Employee;
public class EmployeeService {
private EmployeeDao employeeDao;
public void setEmployeeDao(EmployeeDao employeeDao) {
this.employeeDao = employeeDao;
}
public List<Employee> getAll(){
return employeeDao.getAll();
}
}
emp-list.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h4>Employee list page</h4>
<s:if test="#request.employees == null || #request.employees.size() == 0">
没有任何员工信息！
</s:if>
<s:else>
<table border="1" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td>ID</td>
<td>LASTNAME</td>
<td>EMAIL</td>
<td>BIRTH</td>
<td>CREATETIME</td>
<td>DEPARTMENT</td>
</tr>
<s:iterator value="#request.employees">
<tr>
<td>${id }</td>
<td>${lastName }</td>
<td>${email }</td>
<td>${birth }</td>
<td>${createTime }</td>
<td>${department.departmentName }</td>
</tr>
</s:iterator>
</table>
</s:else>
</body>
</html>
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="emp-list"></a>
</body>
</html>
最最后，要补充的是，这个东西折磨我很久了，会一直提示“Could not obtain transaction-synchronized Session for current thread“在hibernate.cfg.xml中添加
<property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>，这样你以为好了吗结果又提示你：
“createQuery is not valid without active transaction”，好这是你一改知道了，是没有激活事务，在你的基础数据操作功能中加上这：
Transaction transaction = null;
transaction = getSession().beginTransaction();
本例子中就是在EmployeeDao.java的getAll（）方法中添加即可。
最后我们来看下我耗时很长调处来的结果：
