CentOS-7-64bit 配置Apache + MySQL + PHP

一、配置防火墙，开启80端口、3306端口

CentOS 7.0默认使用的是firewall作为防火墙，这里改为iptables防火墙。

1、关闭firewall：

#停止firewall服务

 systemctl stop firewalld.service

#禁止firewall开机启动

 systemctl disable firewalld.service

2、安装iptables防火墙

#安装

 yum install iptables-services

#编辑防火墙配置文件  

 vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables

# Firewall configuration written by system-config-firewall

# Manual customization of this file is not recommended.

*filter

:INPUT ACCEPT [0:0]

:FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0]

:OUTPUT ACCEPT [0:0]

-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -p icmp -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

-A INPUT -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

-A FORWARD -j REJECT --reject-with icmp-host-prohibited

COMMIT

:wq! #保存退出

 #最后重启防火墙使配置生效

 systemctl restart iptables.service

#设置防火墙开机启动

 systemctl enable iptables.service

二、关闭SELINUX
#修改配置文件

 vi /etc/selinux/config

#SELINUX=enforcing #注释掉

#SELINUXTYPE=targeted #注释掉

SELINUX=disabled #增加

:wq! #保存退出

#使配置立即生效

 setenforce 0

三.安装apache

 yum install httpd

可能会用到的：

systemctl start httpd.service #启动apache

systemctl stop httpd.service #停止apache

systemctl restart httpd.service #重启apache

systemctl enable httpd.service #设置apache开机启动

restart一下，然后：
输入localhost
出现之后代表已经安装上去了。

四、安装mysql

1、方法一：安装mariadb

MariaDB数据库管理系统是MySQL的一个分支，主要由开源社区在维护，采用GPL授权许可。开发这个分支的原因之一是：甲骨文公司收购了MySQL后，有将MySQL闭源的潜在风险，因此社区采用分支的方式来避开这个风险。MariaDB的目的是完全兼容MySQL，包括API和命令行，使之能轻松成为MySQL的代替品。

安装mariadb，大小59 M。

[root@yl-web yl]# yum install mariadb-server mariadb 

mariadb数据库的相关命令是：

systemctl start mariadb  #启动MariaDB

systemctl stop mariadb  #停止MariaDB

systemctl restart mariadb  #重启MariaDB

systemctl enable mariadb  #设置开机启动

所以先启动数据库

[root@yl-web yl]# systemctl start mariadb

然后就可以正常使用mysql了

[root@yl-web yl]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 3
Server version: 5.5.41-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> 

安装mariadb后显示的也是 MariaDB [(none)]> ，可能看起来有点不习惯。下面是第二种方法。

2.方法二：官网下载安装mysql-server

# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
# rpm -ivh mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
# yum install mysql-community-server

安装成功后重启mysql服务。

# service mysqld restart

初次安装mysql，root账户没有密码。

[root@yl-web yl]# mysql -u root 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 3
Server version: 5.6.26 MySQL Community Server (GPL)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.01 sec)

mysql> 

设置密码

mysql> set password for 'root'@'localhost' =password('password');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> 

不需要重启数据库即可生效。

在mysql安装过程中如下内容：

Installed:
  mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.6.26-2.el7                mysql-community-devel.x86_64 0:5.6.26-2.el7                
  mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.6.26-2.el7                  mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.6.26-2.el7               

Dependency Installed:
  mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.6.26-2.el7                                                                            

Replaced:
  mariadb.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0          mariadb-devel.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0   mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0  
  mariadb-server.x86_64 1:5.5.41-2.el7_0  

所以安装完以后mariadb自动就被替换了，将不再生效。

[root@yl-web yl]# rpm -qa |grep mariadb
[root@yl-web yl]# 

3.配置mysql

 1）编码

mysql配置文件为/etc/my.cnf

最后加上编码配置

[mysql]
default-character-set =utf8

这里的字符编码必须和/usr/share/mysql/charsets/Index.xml中一致。

2）远程连接设置

把在所有数据库的所有表的所有权限赋值给位于所有IP地址的root用户。

mysql> grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%'identified by 'password';

如果是新用户而不是root，则要先新建用户

mysql>create user 'username'@'%' identified by 'password';  

此时就可以进行远程连接了。

五.安装php

 yum install php

安装PHP组件，使PHP支持mysql

 yum install php-mysql php-gd libjpeg* php-ldap php-odbc php-pear php-xml php-xmlrpc php-mbstring php-bcmath php-mhash

重启对应服务

 systemctl restart mysqld.service
 systemctl restart httpd.service

参考博客http://blog.itpub.net/29773961/viewspace-1261417/， http://www.cnblogs.com/starof/p/4680083.html