Thread 单元状态 STAThread

System.Threading 命名空间

The System.Threading namespace provides classes and interfaces that enable multithreaded programming.   In addition to classes for synchronizing thread activities and access to data (Mutex,Monitor, Interlocked, AutoResetEvent, and so on), this namespace includes a ThreadPool class that allows you to use a pool of system-supplied threads, and a Timer class that executes callback methods on thread pool threads.

Thread的单元状态ApartmentState

Thread.ApartmentState Property

Note: This API is now obsolete. The non-obsolete alternative is GetApartmentState. The non-obsolete alternative is SetApartmentState.  Gets or sets the apartment state of this thread.

Remark：

In the .NET Framework versions 1.0 and 1.1, the ApartmentState property marks a thread to indicate that it will execute in a single-threaded or multithreaded apartment. This property can be set when the thread is in the Unstarted or Running thread state; however, it can be set only once for a thread. If the property has not been set, it returns Unknown.

Important

In the .NET Framework version 2.0, new threads are initialized as ApartmentState.MTA if their apartment state has not been set before they are started. The main application thread is initialized to ApartmentState.MTA by default. You can no longer set the main application thread to ApartmentState.STA by setting the System.Threading.ApartmentState property on the first line of code. Use the STAThreadAttribute instead.

In the .NET Framework version 2.0, you can specify the COM threading model for a C++ application using the /CLRTHREADATTRIBUTE (Set CLR Thread Attribute) linker option.

The following code example demonstrates how to set the apartment state of a thread.

C#

C++

VB

using System;
using System.Threading;

class ApartmentTest
{
    static void Main()
    {
        Thread newThread = 
            new Thread(new ThreadStart(ThreadMethod));
        newThread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.MTA);

        // The following line is ignored since 
        // ApartmentState can only be set once.
        newThread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);

        Console.WriteLine("ThreadState: {0}, ApartmentState: {1}", 
            newThread.ThreadState, newThread.ApartmentState);

        newThread.Start();

        // Wait for newThread to start and go to sleep.
        Thread.Sleep(300);
        try
        {
            // This causes an exception since newThread is sleeping.
            newThread.SetApartmentState(ApartmentState.STA);
        }
        catch(ThreadStateException stateException)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("\n{0} caught:\n" +
                "Thread is not in the Unstarted or Running state.", 
                stateException.GetType().Name);
            Console.WriteLine("ThreadState: {0}, ApartmentState: {1}",
                newThread.ThreadState, newThread.GetApartmentState());
        }
    }

    static void ThreadMethod()
    {
        Thread.Sleep(1000);
    }
}

单线程套间 Single  Thread  Apartment

[STAThread]是Single  Thread  Apartment单线程套间的意思，是一种线程模型，用在程序的入口方法上
（在C#和VB.NET里是Main()方法），来指定当前线程的ApartmentState 是STA。用在其他方法上不产生影响。
在aspx页面上可以使用AspCompat = "true" 来达到同样的效果。这个属性只在  Com  Interop  有用，
如果全部是  managed  code  则无用。简单的说法:[STAThread]指示应用程序的默认线程模型是单线程单元 (STA)。
启动线程模型可设置为单线程单元或多线程单元。如果未对其进行设置，则该线程不被初始化。也就是说如果你用的.NET Framework，
并且没有使用COM Interop，一般不需要这个Attribute。其它的还有MTA（多线程套间）、Free  Thread（自由线程）。
单线程套间，简单来说所有对于单线程套间中对象的访问都是通过消息来传递的，所以同一时间只有一个线程能够访问单线程套间中的对象。http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4a5e32770100dfg4.html