centos6.5实践（2）：搭建Java Web生产环境
准备工作
- 已安装centos 6.5系统
- jdk下载，笔者下的是rpm版的
- Tomcat下载，笔者下的是tar.gz版的
做法
安装jdk
- 新建java安装目录
mkdir /usr/java
- sudo mv ‘/home/weijiang/Desktop/jdk-8u73-linux-x64.rpm’ /usr/java
note:
可自行选择安装方式(rpm or tar.gz)
tar -zxvf jdk-8u73-linux-x64.tar.gz // 将之前下载的jdk解压缩并安装
- cd /usr/java
- sudo rpm -ivh jdk-8u73-linux-x64.rpm
note:
i是安装，v是校验，h是散列的显示安装进度
- 在profile文件中加入java环境变量
vi /etc/profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_73
export CLASSPATH=.:%JAVA_HOME%/lib/dt.jar:%JAVA_HOME%/lib/tools.jar
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin or
JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.8.0_73
CLASSPATH=$JAVA_HOME/lib:$JAVA_HOME/jre/lib
PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin
export PATH CLASSPATH JAVA_HOME- 使文件立即生效
source /etc/profile //或者reboot - 检测是否安装成功
java -version // 出现下面的信息则表示安装成功
java version "1.7.0_45"
OpenJDK Runtime Environment (rhel-2.4.3.3.el6-x86_64 u45-b15)
OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 24.45-b08, mixed mode)安装Tomcat
mv ‘/home/weijiang/Desktop/apache-tomcat-8.0.33.tar.gz’ /usr/local
tar -zxvf apache-tomcat-8.0.33.tar.gz
mv apache-tomcat-8.0.33 tomcat8 // 重命名
cd /usr/local/tomcat8/bin/
./startup.sh
note：无法访问时，关闭防火墙
service iptables stop设置tomcat开机自启动
gedit /etc/rc.d/rc.local // 打开rc.local文件
文件最后增加内容(假设JDK目录是/usr/java，Tomcat目录是/usr/local/tomcat)：
export JDK_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh
note:
1.使用gedit可能出现No protocol specified (gedit:14333): Gtk-WARNING **: cannot open display: :0.0错误,[解决方案](http://blog.csdn.net/wche1990/article/details/8153248)
2.rc.local先于/etc/profile执行，所以会得不到JAVA环境变量，所以在startup.sh前加入代码JAVA_HOME安装MySQL
- 由于新安装的CentOS系统默认一般都装有MySQL，检测系统是否自带安装mysql
yum list installed | grep mysql
or
rpm -qa | grep mysql- 如果有安装MySQL，删除系统自带的mysql及其依赖
yum -y remove mysql-libs.x86_64- 查看系统里面有没有mysql 的repo
yum repolist all | grep mysql- 如果没有发现，则需要配置repo
vim /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo // 打开repo文件# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=- 再次检查是否存在mysql的repo
# yum repolist enabled | grep mysql
出现mysql56-community MySQL 5.6 Community Server 248 即成功- 安装MySQL
yum install mysql-community-server
如果出现如下错误，则安装失败，失败处理参考；否则一路选择Y下去
mysql-community-server-5.6.28-2.el6.x86_64.rpm | 53 MB 00:10
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
获取 GPG 密钥失败：[Errno 14] Could not open/read file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql- 一般会出现如下警告，解决方法如下
note:Public key for mysql-community-client-5.6.30-2.el6.x86_64.rpm is not installed
rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6(我的版本是CentOS6.5)
查看centos版本命令 cat /etc/centos-release
一般这个方法是没用的。笔者的处理如下：
1 进入cd /etc/pki/rpm-gpg
2 新建一个RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql文件cp -b RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6 RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
3 在RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql中写入如下内容
-----BEGIN PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----
Version: GnuPG v1.4.9 (SunOS)
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-----END PGP PUBLIC KEY BLOCK-----4 修改第四步的repo内容
# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql5 执行第6步,一路选择Y下去
- 启动MySQL
service mysqld start --启动
service mysqld stop --停止
service mysqld status --状态- 查看mysql是否自启动,并且设置开启自启动
chkconfig --list | grep mysqld
chkconfig mysqld on
可以看到有7个level水平
note： 引用于网络
等级0表示：表示关机
等级1表示：单用户模式
等级2表示：无网络连接的多用户命令行模式
等级3表示：有网络连接的多用户命令行模式
等级4表示：不可用
等级5表示：带图形界面的多用户模式
等级6表示：重新启动
chkconfig –level 12 httpd on 将Level1和Level2设置成on- 初始化root密码
mysqladmin -u root password 123456 // 初始化root密码- 设置root新密码
mysqladmin -u root -p 123456(初始密码) newpassword(新密码) //修改root密码- 登录MySQL
mysql -u root -p // 登录MySQL
show databases; // 显示数据库
use mysql; // 进入mysql数据库
select host,user from user; // 查看主机暨对应的用户，前提是进入某个数据库- 允许远程登录(详情参考)
grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%' with grant option;
FLUSH PRIVILEGES; // 重载授权表：
exit // 退出数据库
service mysqld restart // 重启mysql数据库
netstat -ntlp // 查看mysql的端口是否为3306
自己用本地测试远程连接，笔者用的是MySQLWorkbench客户端
如果连接不上，记得先关掉下防火墙测试下
service iptables restart/stop/start
关掉防火墙后可以连接，则是端口问题
方案1
/sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT // 开放端口:3306
/etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables save // 保存
/etc/init.d/iptables restart or service iptables restart // 重启防火墙
方案2：
1. gedit /etc/sysconfig/IPtables
2. 新增一行-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT -m state –state NEW -m tcp -p tcp –dport 8080 -j ACCEPT
3.service iptables restart上面的步奏执行完后，迎接success的喜悦吧…
笔者的远程操作简图如下（基于MySQLWorkbench客户端）:
1. 登录数据库
2. 进行数据库的某些操作
3. centos数据库查看
安装Redis
待续~
安装Nginx
待续~