学生管理新系统(C++版）

          前言：刚刚学了一段时间的C++，上星期组长说这星期完成对C语言课设的改编，虽然后面倒真没有要求一定要做完，说是按照进度学习算了，不着急做课程设计！不过我觉得一直做个课程设计不失为一种好的学习方法，所以我就把类和基本的文件操作看了一遍就尝试着改了一下！其实改得很简单，源代码本身也由于水平有限改得比较冗杂！不过现在水平是这样。说实话现在倒也觉得还行，起码对类有了更加深刻的印象。不过以后把书看得更完全还要试一下其他的课程设计。个人觉得课程设计真的对学习蛮有用的！（在此吐槽一下，改得没有一点技术含量！ ！ ！）

  源代码：

<span style="font-size:14px;">#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
#include<stdlib.h> //清屏函数头文件 
#include<cstring>
#include<iomanip>
using namespace std;
struct Student_information
{
	double number;
	char name[20];
	char sex[10];
	double Class;
	double C;
	double english;
	double math;
	double all;
	double average;
	int ranking;
};

//源代码总类 
class  Student
{
	public:
		Student();
		void Student_menu_begin();  
		void Student_menu_normal();
		void Student_add(); 
		void Student_show();
		void Student_modify();
		void Student_delete();
		void Student_sort(); 
		void Student_find(); 
		void Student_flush();
	private:
		double number;
	    char name[20];
		char sex[10];
		double Class;
		double C;
		double english;
		double math;
		double all;
		double average;
		int ranking;
};

Student::Student()
{
	number=0;
	strcpy(name," "); 
	strcpy(sex," ");
	Class=0;
	C=0;
	english=0;
	math=0;
}

//菜单函数1 
void Student::Student_menu_begin()
{
	cout<<"请根据目录选择你想要进行的操作:"<<endl;
	cout<<"\t\t"<<"********" <<"【0】退出程序"<<"********"<<endl;
	cout<<"\t\t"<<"********" <<"【1】添加学生"<<"********"<<endl;
	cout<<"\t\t"<<"********" <<"【2】显示学生"<<"********"<<endl;
	cout<<"\t\t"<<"********" <<"【3】修改学生"<<"********"<<endl;
	cout<<"\t\t"<<"********" <<"【4】删除学生"<<"********"<<endl;
	cout<<"\t\t"<<"********" <<"【5】成绩排序"<<"********"<<endl;
	cout<<"\t\t"<<"********" <<"【6】查找学生"<<"********"<<endl;
	cout<<"\t\t"<<"********" <<"【7】清空数据"<<"********"<<endl;
	cout<<"\t\t"<<"如果是第一次使用该程序，请按【1】选择添加学生"<<endl;
	cout<<"进行操作:"<<" "; 
}

//菜单函数2 
void Student::Student_menu_normal()
{
	cout<<"请根据目录选择你想要进行的操作:"<<endl;
	cout<<"\t\t"<<"********" <<"【0】退出程序"<<"********"<<endl;
	cout<<"\t\t"<<"********" <<"【1】添加学生"<<"********"<<endl;
	cout<<"\t\t"<<"********" <<"【2】显示学生"<<"********"<<endl;
	cout<<"\t\t"<<"********" <<"【3】修改学生"<<"********"<<endl;
	cout<<"\t\t"<<"********" <<"【4】删除学生"<<"********"<<endl;
	cout<<"\t\t"<<"********" <<"【5】成绩排序"<<"********"<<endl;
	cout<<"\t\t"<<"********" <<"【6】查找学生"<<"********"<<endl;
	cout<<"\t\t"<<"********" <<"【7】清空数据"<<"********"<<endl;
	cout<<"\t"<<"进行操作："<<" "; 
}

//添加学生 
void Student::Student_add()
{
	system("cls");
	struct Student_information news[50];
	int n=1,i=0,number=0;
	while(n==1)
	{
		cout<<"请输入添加学生的学号："<<endl;
		cin>>news[0].number;
		
		cout<<"请输入添加学生的名字："<<endl;
		cin>>news[0].name;
		
		cout<<"请输入添加学生的性别："<<endl;
		cin>>news[0].sex;
		
		cout<<"请输入添加学生的班级："<<endl;
		cin>>news[0].Class;
		
		cout<<"请输入添加学生的C语言成绩："<<endl;
		cin>>news[0].C;
		
		cout<<"请输入添加学生的英语成绩："<<endl;
		cin>>news[0].english;
		
		cout<<"请输入添加学生的数学成绩："<<endl;
		cin>>news[0].math;
		system("cls");
		
		ofstream outfile;
		outfile.open("C++信息文件.txt",ios::app);
		outfile<<news[0].number<<" ";
		outfile<<news[0].name<<" ";
		outfile<<news[0].sex<<" ";
		outfile<<news[0].Class<<" ";
		outfile<<news[0].C<<" ";
		outfile<<news[0].english<<" ";
		outfile<<news[0].math<<" ";
		outfile.close();
		
		ifstream infile("C++计数文件.txt",ios::in);
		infile>>number;
		infile.close();
		number=number+1;
		outfile.open("C++计数文件.txt",ios::out);
		outfile<<number<<" "<<endl;
		outfile.close();
		
		cout<<"请问你要继续输入吗？继续输入，请按1，否则请按0"<<endl;
		cin>>n;	
		system("cls");  
	 } 
}

//显示函数 
void Student::Student_show()
{
	system("cls");
	int number;
	struct Student_information news[50];
	ifstream infile1("C++计数文件.txt",ios::in);
	infile1>>number;
	infile1.close() ;
	
	ifstream infile("C++信息文件.txt",ios::in);
	for(int i=0;i<number;i++)
	{
		infile>>news[i].number;
		infile>>news[i].name;
		infile>>news[i].sex;
		infile>>news[i].Class;
		infile>>news[i].C;
		infile>>news[i].english;
		infile>>news[i].math;
	}
	infile.close() ;
	
	cout<<"文件中储存的信息如下："<<endl<<endl;
	cout<<setiosflags(ios::left);
	cout<<setw(10)<<"学号"; 
	cout<<setw(10)<<"姓名"; 
	cout<<setw(10)<<"性别"; 
	cout<<setw(10)<<"班级"; 
	cout<<setw(10)<<"C语言成绩"; 
	cout<<setw(10)<<"英语成绩"; 
	cout<<setw(10)<<"高数成绩"; 
	cout<<endl;
	 
	for(int i=0;i<number;i++)
	{
		cout<<setiosflags(ios::left);
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].number<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].name<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].sex<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].Class<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].C<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].english<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].math<<" ";
		cout<<endl;
	}
	cout<<endl<<endl;
}

//修改函数
void Student::Student_modify()
{
	double num;
	int data;
	system("cls");
	
	int number;
	struct Student_information news[50];
	ifstream infile1("C++计数文件.txt",ios::in);
	infile1>>number;
	infile1.close() ;
	
	ifstream infile("C++信息文件.txt",ios::in);
	for(int i=0;i<number;i++)
	{
		infile>>news[i].number;
		infile>>news[i].name;
		infile>>news[i].sex;
		infile>>news[i].Class;
		infile>>news[i].C;
		infile>>news[i].english;
		infile>>news[i].math;
	}
	infile.close() ;
	
	int n=1;
	while(n==1)
	{
	Student q1;
	q1.Student_show();
	cout<<endl;
	cout<<"请输入所要修改学生的学号：";
	cin>>num;
	cout<<endl;
	
	int w=1;
	for(int i=0;i<number;i++)
	if(num==news[i].number)
	{
		data=i;
		break;
	}
	else if(i==number-1)
	{
		cout<<"输入的数据有误，文件中没有储存相关信息！"<<endl<<endl;; 
		w=0;
	}
	
	if(w==1)
	{
	    cout<<"请输入修改后学生的学号："<<endl;
		cin>>news[data].number;
		
		cout<<"请输入修改后学生的名字："<<endl;
		cin>>news[data].name;
		
		cout<<"请输入修改后学生的性别："<<endl;
		cin>>news[data].sex;
		
		cout<<"请输入修改后学生的班级："<<endl;
		cin>>news[data].Class;
		
		cout<<"请输入修改后学生的C语言成绩："<<endl;
		cin>>news[data].C;
		
		cout<<"请输入修改后学生的英语成绩："<<endl;
		cin>>news[data].english;
		
		cout<<"请输入修改后学生的数学成绩："<<endl;
		cin>>news[data].math;
		system("cls");
		
		ofstream outfile;
		outfile.open("C++信息文件.txt",ios::out);
		for(int i=0;i<number;i++)
		{
		outfile<<news[i].number<<" ";
		outfile<<news[i].name<<" ";
		outfile<<news[i].sex<<" ";
		outfile<<news[i].Class<<" ";
		outfile<<news[i].C<<" ";
		outfile<<news[i].english<<" ";
		outfile<<news[i].math<<" ";
		}
		outfile.close() ;
		cout<<"数据成功修改！"<<endl<<endl;
	}
		cout<<"请问还需要继续修改吗？如果继续请按【1】，否者请按【0】：";
		cin>>n; 
	}
 } 

//删除函数
void Student::Student_delete()
{
	system("cls");
	Student q1;
	q1.Student_show(); 
	int number;
	struct Student_information news[50];
	ifstream infile1("C++计数文件.txt",ios::in);
	infile1>>number;
	infile1.close() ;
	
	ifstream infile("C++信息文件.txt",ios::in);
	for(int i=0;i<number;i++)
	{
		infile>>news[i].number;
		infile>>news[i].name;
		infile>>news[i].sex;
		infile>>news[i].Class;
		infile>>news[i].C;
		infile>>news[i].english;
		infile>>news[i].math;
	}
	infile.close() ;
	
	int y=1;
	while(y==1)
	{
	double num1,data,num2=1;
	cout<<"请输入想要删除学生的学号："; 
	cin>>num1;
	for(int i;i<number;i++)
	if(num1==news[i].number)
	{
		data=i;
		break;
	}
	else if(i==number-1)
	{ 
	num2=0;
	
	cout<<endl;
	
	cout<<"您输入的数据有误！数据文件没有此数据！"<<endl<<endl;
    }
	
	if(num2==1)
	{
		for(int i=data;i<number-1;i++)
		{
			news[i].number=news[i+1].number;
			strcpy(news[i].name,news[i+1].name);
			strcpy(news[i].sex,news[i+1].sex);
			news[i].Class=news[i+1].Class;
			news[i].C=news[i+1].C;
			news[i].english=news[i+1].english;
			news[i].math=news[i+1].math;
		}
		
		number=number-1;
		ofstream outfile;
		outfile.open("C++计数文件.txt",ios::out);
		outfile<<number;
		outfile.close() ;
		
		outfile.open("C++信息文件.txt",ios::out);
		for(int i=0;i<number;i++)
		{
			outfile<<news[i].number<<" ";
		    outfile<<news[i].name<<" ";
			outfile<<news[i].sex<<" ";
			outfile<<news[i].Class<<" ";
			outfile<<news[i].C<<" ";
			outfile<<news[i].english<<" ";
			outfile<<news[i].math<<" ";
		 } 
		 outfile.close() ;
		 cout<<"目标数据删除成功！"<<endl<<endl; 
	}
	cout<<"请问还需继续删除数据吗？若果需要，请按【1】，否者请按【0】：";
	cin>>y; 
	cout<<endl;
    }
 } 

//成绩排序
void Student::Student_sort()
{
	system("cls");
	int number;
	struct Student_information news[50];
	ifstream infile1("C++计数文件.txt",ios::in);
	infile1>>number;
	infile1.close() ;
	
	ifstream infile("C++信息文件.txt",ios::in);
	for(int i=0;i<number;i++)
	{
		infile>>news[i].number;
		infile>>news[i].name;
		infile>>news[i].sex;
		infile>>news[i].Class;
		infile>>news[i].C;
		infile>>news[i].english;
		infile>>news[i].math;
	}
	infile.close() ;
	
	for(int i=0;i<number;i++)
	{
		news[i].all=news[i].C+news[i].english+news[i].math;
		news[i].average=news[i].all/number;
	}
	
	double temp;
	char character[20];
	int temp2;
	for(int i=0;i<number;i++)
	for(int x=0;x<number-i-1;x++)
	if(news[x].all<news[x+1].all)
	{
		temp=news[x].number;
		news[x].number=news[x+1].number;
		news[x+1].number=temp;
		 
		strcpy(character,news[x].name);
		strcpy(news[x].name,news[x+1].name);
		strcpy(news[x+1].name,character);
		
		strcpy(character,news[x].sex);
		strcpy(news[x].sex,news[x+1].sex);
		strcpy(news[x+1].sex,character);
		
		temp=news[x].Class;
		news[x].Class=news[x+1].Class;
		news[x+1].Class=temp;
		
		temp=news[x].C;
		news[x].C=news[x+1].C;
		news[x+1].C=temp;
		
		temp=news[x].english;
		news[x].english=news[x+1].english;
		news[x+1].english=temp;
		
		temp=news[x].math;
		news[x].math=news[x+1].math;
		news[x+1].math=temp;
		
		temp=news[x].all;
		news[x].all=news[x+1].all;
		news[x+1].all=temp;
		
		temp2=news[x].average;
		news[x].average=news[x+1].average;
		news[x+1].average=temp2;
	}
	
	
	for(int i=0;i<number;i++)
	news[i].ranking=i+1;
	
	cout<<"文件中学生数据的排名如下："<<endl;
	cout<<endl;
	cout<<setiosflags(ios::left);
	cout<<setw(10)<<"学号"; 
	cout<<setw(10)<<"姓名"; 
	cout<<setw(10)<<"性别"; 
	cout<<setw(10)<<"班级"; 
	cout<<setw(10)<<"C语言成绩"; 
	cout<<setw(10)<<"英语成绩"; 
	cout<<setw(10)<<"高数成绩"; 
	cout<<setw(10)<<"总成绩";
	cout<<setw(10)<<"平均分";
	cout<<setw(10)<<"排名"; 
	cout<<endl<<endl;
	 
	for(int i=0;i<number;i++)
	{
		cout<<setiosflags(ios::left);
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].number<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].name<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].sex<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].Class<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].C<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].english<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].math<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<setiosflags(ios::fixed)<<setprecision(2)<<news[i].all<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].average<<" ";
		cout.unsetf(ios::fixed);
		cout<<setprecision(10);
		cout<<setw(10)<<news[i].ranking<<" ";
		cout<<endl;
		cout<<endl;
	}
	cout<<endl<<endl<<endl;
 } 
 
 
 //查找函数
 void Student::Student_find()
 {
 	system("cls");
 	int number;
	struct Student_information news[50];
	ifstream infile1("C++计数文件.txt",ios::in);
	infile1>>number;
	infile1.close() ;
	
	ifstream infile("C++信息文件.txt",ios::in);
	for(int i=0;i<number;i++)
	{
		infile>>news[i].number;
		infile>>news[i].name;
		infile>>news[i].sex;
		infile>>news[i].Class;
		infile>>news[i].C;
		infile>>news[i].english;
		infile>>news[i].math;
	}
	infile.close() ;
	
	int x=1;
	while(x==1)
	{
	system("cls");
	double num;
	cout<<"请输入要查询学生的学号："; 
	cin>>num;
	cout<<endl;
	
	for(int i=0;i<number;i++)
	if(num==news[i].number)
	{
		cout<<"查询的基本信息为:"<<endl<<endl;
		cout<<setiosflags(ios::left);
		cout<<setw(10)<<"学号"; 
		cout<<setw(10)<<"姓名"; 
		cout<<setw(10)<<"性别"; 
		cout<<setw(10)<<"班级"; 
		cout<<setw(10)<<"C语言成绩"; 
		cout<<setw(10)<<"英语成绩"; 
		cout<<setw(10)<<"高数成绩";
		cout<<endl<<endl;
		
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].number<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].name<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].sex<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].Class<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].C<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].english<<" ";
		cout<<setw(9)<<news[i].math<<" ";
		cout<<endl<<endl;
		break;
	}
	else if(i==number-1)
		cout<<"文件中未查询到有关信息！"<<endl; 
	cout<<"请问还需要查询相关的信息吗？如果是请按【1】，否则请按【0】：";
	cin>>x; 
    }
  } 
 
 //清空函数
 void Student::Student_flush()
 {
 	system("cls");
 	char aids[20];
 	cout<<endl;
 	cout<<"\t"<<"警告：这是格式化操作，将清空文件中所储存的数据！ ！ ！Ｏ(≧口≦)Ｏ"<<endl<<endl;
	cout<<"\t"<<"请输入：“确认操作”"<<" "<<"执行此操作"<<endl;
	cout<<"\t"<<":"; 
	
	cin>>aids;
	if(strcmp(aids,"确认操作")==0)
	{
		ofstream outfile;
		outfile.open("C++计数文件.txt",ios::out);
		outfile.close() ;
		
		outfile.open("C++信息文件.txt",ios::out);
		outfile.close() ;
		
		cout<<"\t"<<"文件中所储存的数据已被清空！"<<endl;  
	 } 
	 else
	 cout<<"\t"<<"文件中数据未被删除！"<<endl;
	 cout<<endl; 
  } 
 
 
 
 //主函数 
int main()
{
	system("color 9F");
	int n;
	Student p1;
	p1.Student_menu_begin();
	while(1)
	{
		cin>>n;
		switch(n) {
			case 0:
				return 0; 
			case 1:
				p1.Student_add();
				p1.Student_menu_normal();
				break;
			case 2:
				p1.Student_show();
				p1.Student_menu_normal();
				break;
			case 3:
				p1.Student_modify();
				p1.Student_menu_normal();
				break;
			case 4:
				p1.Student_delete();
				p1.Student_menu_normal();
				break;
			case 5:
				p1.Student_sort();
				p1.Student_menu_normal();
				break; 
			case 6:
				p1.Student_find();
				p1.Student_menu_normal();
				break;
			case 7:
				p1.Student_flush();
				p1.Student_menu_normal();
				break;
		}
	}
}</span>

                                                                                                                                                                                              备注：用的编译器为Dev-C++