如何有效地使用对话框

如何有效地使用对话框 
译者:徐景周 (原作:VGirish )

 Q:如何在对话框中加入工具条

在 OnInitDialog 中加入下面代码:

BOOL CYourDlg::OnInitDialog()

{

       CDialog::OnInitDialog();	



       // Create the toolbar. To understand the meaning of the styles used, you 

       // can take a look at the MSDN for the Create function of the CToolBar class.

	   

       ToolBar.Create(this, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | CBRS_TOP | CBRS_TOOLTIPS |CBRS_FLYBY | CBRS_BORDER_BOTTOM);



      // I have assumed that you have named your toolbar''s resource as IDR_TOOLBAR1.

      // If you have given it a different name, change the line below to accomodate 

      // that by changing the parameter for the LoadToolBar function.

	  

      ToolBar.LoadToolBar(IDR_TOOLBAR1);

  

      CRect rcClientStart;

      CRect rcClientNow;

      GetClientRect(rcClientStart);





      // To reposition and resize the control bar



     RepositionBars(AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_FIRST, AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_LAST,0, reposQuery, rcClientNow);

     CPoint ptOffset(rcClientNow.left - rcClientStart.left,rcClientNow.top-rcClientStart.top);



     CRect rcChild;

     CWnd* pwndChild = GetWindow(GW_CHILD);



     while (pwndChild)

     {

       pwndChild->GetWindowRect(rcChild);

       ScreenToClient(rcChild);

       rcChild.OffsetRect(ptOffset);

       pwndChild->MoveWindow(rcChild, FALSE);

       pwndChild = pwndChild->GetNextWindow();

     } 

	  CRect rcWindow;

     GetWindowRect(rcWindow);

     rcWindow.right += rcClientStart.Width() - rcClientNow.Width();

     rcWindow.bottom += rcClientStart.Height() - rcClientNow.Height();

     MoveWindow(rcWindow, FALSE);	



     // And position the control bars

     RepositionBars(AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_FIRST, AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_LAST, 0);

  

     return TRUE;  // return TRUE  unless you set the focus to a control

  }



 Q:如何改变对话框的形状? 

可用下面一些函数: 
CreatePolygonRgn
CreateRectRgn
CreateRoundRectRgn 等.

  CRgn m_rgn;  // Put this in your dialog''s header file. i.e. a member variable



  // This Gets the size of the Dialog: This piece of code is to be placed in the

  // OnInitDialog Function of your dialog.



  CRect rcDialog

  GetClientRect(rcDialog);



  // The following code Creates the area and assigns it to your Dialog

  m_rgn.CreateEllipticRgn(0, 0, rcDialog.Width(), rcDialogHeight());

  SetWindowRgn(GetSafeHwnd(), (HRGN) m_rgn, TRUE);

 Q:如何实现非客户区移动? 

可用下面二种方法

// Handler for WM_LBUTTONDOWN message



  void CYourDialog::OnLButtonDown(UINT nFlags, CPoint point)

  {

     CDialog::OnLButtonDown(nFlags, point);

     PostMessage( WM_NCLBUTTONDOWN, HTCAPTION, MAKELPARAM( point.x, point.y));

  }



  // Handler for WM_NCHITTEST message



  LONG CYourDialog::OnNcHitTest( UINT uParam, LONG lParam )

  {  

     int xPos = LOWORD(lParam);

     int yPos = HIWORD(lParam);

     UINT nHitTest = CDialog::OnNcHitTest(CSize(xPos, yPos));

     return (nHitTest == HTCLIENT) ? HTCAPTION : nHitTest;

  }


 Q:如何使对话框初始为最小化状态? 

在 OnInitDialog 中加入下面代码:

SendMessage(WM_SYSCOMMAND, SC_MAXIMIZE, NULL);

 Q:如何限定对话框大小范围? 

在 WM_SIZING中加入下面代码:

void CYourDialog::OnSizing(UINT fwSide, LPRECT pRect) 

  {

     if(pRect->right - pRect->left <=200)

     	pRect->right = pRect->left + 200;

	

     if(pRect->bottom - pRect->top <=200)

     	pRect->bottom = pRect->top + 200;



     CDialog::OnSizing(fwSide, pRect);

  }

 Q:如何在对话框中加入状态条? 

定义 CStatusBar 变量:

CStatusBar m_StatusBar;

定义状态条指定状态:

static UINT BASED_CODE indicators[] =

  {

     ID_INDICATOR_CAPS,

     ID_INDICATOR_NUM

  };

在 OnInitDialog 中加入下面代码:

  m_StatusBar.CreateEx(this,SBT_TOOLTIPS,WS_CHILD|WS_VISIBLE|CBRS_BOTTOM,AFX_IDW_STATUS_BAR);

 

  // Set the indicators namely caps and nums lock status

  m_StatusBar.SetIndicators(indicators,sizeof(indicators)/sizeof(UINT));



  CRect rect;

  GetClientRect(&rect);

		

  m_StatusBar.SetPaneInfo(0,ID_INDICATOR_CAPS,SBPS_NORMAL,rect.Width()/2);

  m_StatusBar.SetPaneInfo(1,ID_INDICATOR_NUM,SBPS_STRETCH ,rect.Width()/2);



  RepositionBars(AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_FIRST,AFX_IDW_CONTROLBAR_LAST,ID_INDICATOR_NUM);





  m_StatusBar.GetStatusBarCtrl().SetBkColor(RGB(180,180,180));

如何有效的使用对话框之二 
译者:徐景周 (原作:Nishant S )

本文是《如何有效使用对话框》 一文的继续.

 1. 如何有效地使初始窗口不显示
当我们想让窗口初始时不显示时,通常会用ShowWindow(SW_HIDE) ,但实际上还是在启动是可以看到窗口一闪而过的痕迹。所以,可以使用下面的方法来实现它:
(1.1)先在构造函数中设置布乐变量 visible值为false.

visible = false;

(1.2)重载 WM_WINDOWPOSCHANGING,并添加下面代码:

void CTest_deleteDlg::OnWindowPosChanging(WINDOWPOS FAR* lpwndpos) 

{

    if(!visible)

        lpwndpos->flags &= ~SWP_SHOWWINDOW;



    CDialog::OnWindowPosChanging(lpwndpos);

}

(1.3)然后设布尔visible变量值为true,并在要显示窗口时,再用ShowWindow(SW_SHOW)既可。

visible = true;

ShowWindow(SW_SHOW);

 2. 对话框的全屏显示
对话框的全屏显示可以在OnInitDialog()中用 SetWindowPos 和 HWND_TOPMOST 来实现对话框的重新大小。

BOOL CFullScrDlgDlg::OnInitDialog()

{

    CDialog::OnInitDialog();



    //...



    int cx, cy; 

    HDC dc = ::GetDC(NULL); 

    cx = GetDeviceCaps(dc,HORZRES) + 

        GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXBORDER); 

    cy = GetDeviceCaps(dc,VERTRES) +

        GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYBORDER); 

    ::ReleaseDC(0,dc); 



    //去除标题和边框

    SetWindowLong(m_hWnd, GWL_STYLE, 

        GetWindowLong(m_hWnd, GWL_STYLE) & 

    (~(WS_CAPTION | WS_BORDER))); 



    // 置对话框为最顶端并扩充到整个屏幕

    ::SetWindowPos(m_hWnd, HWND_TOPMOST, 

        -(GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXBORDER)+1), 

        -(GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYBORDER)+1), 

        cx+1,cy+1, SWP_NOZORDER); 



    //...



    return TRUE; 

}

 3. 如何在2K/xp下使窗口获取焦点
在2K/XP下我们可以用 AttachThreadInput 和SetForegroundWindow来有效的获取焦点。

//捕捉并设置当前焦点窗口为我们的窗口

AttachThreadInput(

    GetWindowThreadProcessId(

        ::GetForegroundWindow(),NULL),

    GetCurrentThreadId(),TRUE);



//置我们的为焦点窗口

SetForegroundWindow();

SetFocus(); 



//释放thread

AttachThreadInput(

    GetWindowThreadProcessId(

        ::GetForegroundWindow(),NULL),

    GetCurrentThreadId(),FALSE);

 4. 使你的对话框位于最顶端
可以直接在 OnInitDialog()中用SetWindowPos来实现。

SetWindowPos(&this->wndTopMost,0,0,0,0,SWP_NOMOVE|SWP_NOSIZE);

5. 如何动态放大/缩小对话框
还是可以用SetWindowPos或MoveWindow来实现它。

void CTest_deleteDlg::OnMakeSmall() 

{

    SetWindowPos(NULL,0,0,200,200,SWP_NOZORDER|SWP_NOMOVE);     

}



void CTest_deleteDlg::OnExpand() 

{

    SetWindowPos(NULL,0,0,500,300,SWP_NOZORDER|SWP_NOMOVE);             

}

或:

//伸、缩在IDC_DYCREDITS和IDC_COPYRIGHT两STATIC控件间,做为分隔线

BOOL CAbout::OnInitDialog() 

{

        CDialog::OnInitDialog();

//"关于"对话框中对话框可收缩效果

        CRect Rect1,Rect2;                                                           //对话框收缩时大小         

        

        GetDlgItem(IDC_DYCREDITS)->GetWindowRect(Rect1); 

        GetDlgItem(IDC_COPYRIGHT)->GetWindowRect(Rect2); 

        m_nReducedHeight = Rect1.Height()+(Rect1.top -Rect2.bottom)/2; //收缩后窗体高度

        dlgRect.bottom -= (Rect1.Height()+(Rect1.top -Rect2.bottom)/2); 

        MoveWindow(&dlgRect);                                             //如果要显示对话框起始动态效果的话,不能使用该句



        m_bVertical=false;                                //默认收缩对话框

}

// ---------------------------------------------------------

//      名称: OnMore

//      功能: 是否允许显示

//      变量: 无

//      返回: 无

//      编写: 徐景周,2002.4.8

// ---------------------------------------------------------

void CAbout::OnMore() 

{

        m_bVertical = !m_bVertical; 

        

        if(m_bVertical == FALSE)        //不显示

        { 

                SetDlgItemText(ID_MORE,_T("更多>>"));



                SizeWindow(m_nReducedHeight,true);



//              m_DyCredits.EndScrolling();              //停止滚动

        } 

        else                                            //显示

        { 

                SetDlgItemText(ID_MORE,_T("<<隐藏"));



                SizeWindow(m_nReducedHeight,false);



                m_DyCredits.StartScrolling();                   //开始滚动

        } 

        

        UpdateWindow(); 

}



// ---------------------------------------------------------

//      名称: SizeWindow

//      功能: 伸展或收缩对话框    

//      变量: ReduceHeight-收缩高度,bExtend-是否伸展

//      返回: 无

//      编写: 徐景周,2002.4.8

// ---------------------------------------------------------    

void CAbout::SizeWindow(int ReduceHeight, bool bExtend)

{

        CRect rc;

        GetWindowRect(&rc);

        if(bExtend)

        {

                for (int i= 0; i < ReduceHeight; i++)

                {

                        rc.bottom--;

                        MoveWindow(&rc);

                }

        }

        else

        {

                for (int i= 0; i < ReduceHeight; i++)

                {

                        rc.bottom++;

                        MoveWindow(&rc);

                }

        }

}

 6. 如何让对话框回到屏幕中来
当对话框被拖离屏幕时,可用下面代码使其回到屏幕中。

SendMessage(DM_REPOSITION);

注:它必须是顶端窗口且不是child窗口。

 7. 如何给对话框添加或去掉最大/最小化按钮
在OnCreate()或OnInitDialog() 改变其显示风格既可。

int CTest_deleteDlg::OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct) 

{

    if (CDialog::OnCreate(lpCreateStruct) == -1)

        return -1;      

    // TODO: Add your specialized creation code here

    SetWindowLong(this->m_hWnd,GWL_STYLE,

        GetWindowLong(this->m_hWnd,GWL_STYLE) | 

            WS_MINIMIZEBOX | WS_MAXIMIZEBOX);   

    return 0;

}

或用:

ModifyStyle (NULL, WS_MAXIMIZEBOX);

 8. 改变鼠标指针
可以在OnSetCursor中实现.

BOOL CTest_deleteDlg::OnSetCursor(CWnd* pWnd, UINT nHitTest, UINT message) 

{

    // TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default

    SetCursor(AfxGetApp()->LoadStandardCursor(IDC_UPARROW));

    // Now we return instead of calling the base class

    return 0;   

    // return CDialog::OnSetCursor(pWnd, nHitTest, message);

}

 9. 改变对话框的前景和背景色
可以在InitInstance()中实现。

//红色背景、绿色前景

SetDialogBkColor(RGB(255,0,0),RGB(0,255,0)); 

 10. 在任务条上不显示图标
先从CWinApp继承类中建立一个不显示的顶级窗口.

CFrameWnd *abc=new CFrameWnd();

abc->Create(0,0,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW);

CNoTaskBarIconDlg dlg(abc);

m_pMainWnd = &dlg;

int nResponse = dlg.DoModal();

if (nResponse == IDOK)

{

}

else if (nResponse == IDCANCEL)

{

}

delete abc;

在 OnInitDialog中修改显示风格 WS_EX_APPWINDOW.

BOOL CNoTaskBarIconDlg::OnInitDialog()

{

    CDialog::OnInitDialog();

    ModifyStyleEx(WS_EX_APPWINDOW,0);



    SetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE);  // Set big icon

    SetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE); // Set small icon

        

    // TODO: Add extra initialization here

        

    return TRUE;  // return TRUE  unless you set the focus to a control

}

 11. 加入上、下文帮助
在 OnInitDialog 修改显示风格,加入上、下文HLP帮助显示.

BOOL HelpDialog::OnInitDialog() 

{



    ModifyStyleEx(0, WS_EX_CONTEXTHELP);

    return CDialog::OnInitDialog();

}

重载OnHelpInfo(...),用显示相关帮助信息

BOOL HelpDialog::OnHelpInfo(HELPINFO* pHelpInfo) 

{

    short state = GetKeyState (VK_F1);

    if (state < 0)   // F1 key is down, get help for the dialog

        return CDialog::OnHelpInfo(pHelpInfo);

    else

    {    // F1 key not down, get help for specific control

        if (pHelpInfo->dwContextId)

            WinHelp (pHelpInfo->dwContextId, 

                HELP_CONTEXTPOPUP);

        return TRUE;

    }

}

译者联系方式:
作者EMAIL:[email protected]
未来工作室(Future Studio)

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