从14年开始就陆续看到新浪微博RPC框架Motan的介绍,时隔两年后,微博团队终于宣布开源轻量级RPC框架Motan,项目地址:
https://github.com/weibocom/motan/
项目文档介绍比较详细,搭建开发环境非常简单,如果只是使用而不需要源码的话,只配置maven依赖项目即可,按照示例几分钟就可以搭建起一个Hello world。当然这也是官方介绍中的优点之一。
我们来扩展一下官方的示例,并测试一下集群式部署。首先创建一个maven项目
pom.xml
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>com.weibo</groupId> <artifactId>motan-core</artifactId> <version>0.0.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.weibo</groupId> <artifactId>motan-transport-netty</artifactId> <version>0.0.1</version> </dependency> <!-- only needed for spring-based features --> <dependency> <groupId>com.weibo</groupId> <artifactId>motan-springsupport</artifactId> <version>0.0.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>4.2.4.RELEASE</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.weibo</groupId> <artifactId>motan-registry-zookeeper</artifactId> <version>0.0.1</version> </dependency> </dependencies>项目结构如图
User类,注意必须实现Serializable
public class User implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 2925168737226033271L; public User(int id, String name) { this.id = id; this.name = name; } private int id; private String name; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String toString() { return String.format("{id=%d,name=%s}", this.id, this.name); } }UserService
public interface UserService { public User find(int id); }
UserServiceImpl
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService { public User find(int id) { System.out.println(id + " invoked rpc service"); return new User(id, "name" + id); } }motan_server.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:motan="http://api.weibo.com/schema/motan" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://api.weibo.com/schema/motan http://api.weibo.com/schema/motan.xsd"> <motan:protocol name="motan" loadbalance="roundrobin" maxWorkerThread="500" minWorkerThread="20" /> <bean id="serviceImpl" class="quickstart.UserServiceImpl" /> <motan:registry regProtocol="zookeeper" name="my_zookeeper" address="127.0.0.1:2181"/> <motan:service interface="quickstart.UserService" ref="serviceImpl" registry="my_zookeeper" export="8002" /> </beans>Server.java
public class Server { public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( "classpath:motan_server.xml"); System.out.println("server start..."); } }
集群部署需要使用Zookeeper做注册中心
以windows环境为例
下载地址 http://zookeeper.apache.org/
下载后得到gz包如zookeeper-3.4.8.tar.gz,解压到任意目录如d:\zookeeper-3.4.8
在zookeeper-3.4.8目录下建立data文件夹
进入zookeeper-3.4.8/conf目录,把zoo_sample.cfg重命名为zoo.cfg,并修改dataDir选项
dataDir=d:\\zookeeper-3.4.8\\data
进入zookeeper-3.4.8/bin目录,执行zkServer.cmd
运行Server.java测试,启动成功
下面把服务器端部署两个实例,修改pom.xml,添加
<build> <finalName>motan-examples</finalName> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId> <version>2.4</version> <configuration> <archive> <manifest> <addClasspath>true</addClasspath> <classpathPrefix>.</classpathPrefix> <mainClass>quickstart.Server</mainClass> </manifest> </archive> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build>
注意正确配置mainClass的类全路径
进入项目目录执行mvn dependency:copy-dependencies
mvn clean package
把生成的可执行jar和依赖jar包复制到一起,并执行
java -jar motan-examples.jar
修改motan_server.xml中的export端口为8003,重复上面步骤再启动一个在8003端口上的实例
motan_client.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:motan="http://api.weibo.com/schema/motan" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://api.weibo.com/schema/motan http://api.weibo.com/schema/motan.xsd"> <motan:protocol name="motan" haStrategy="failover" /> <motan:registry regProtocol="zookeeper" name="my_zookeeper" address="127.0.0.1:2181"/> <motan:referer id="remoteService" interface="quickstart.UserService" registry="my_zookeeper"/> </beans>
Client.java
public class Client { public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException { ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( "classpath:motan_client.xml"); final UserService service = (UserService) ctx.getBean("remoteService"); final int SIZE = 100; final AtomicInteger atom = new AtomicInteger(); ExecutorService exec = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(SIZE); for(int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) { exec.execute(new Thread(){ public void run() { User user = service.find(atom.addAndGet(1)); System.out.println(user); } }); } } }
运行Client.java
从输出结果可以看出,客户端请求被分配到两个服务器实例中。
关闭其中一个服务器实例,重新运行客户端
因为Zookeeper处理服务器断开的消息有一定延时,一部分请求仍然被提交到已关闭的端口上,导致抛出异常。但是这里并没有按配置执行失败切换服务器的策略,是配置问题还是不支持网络拒绝连接的失败类型,限于时间关系,没有做更多测试,暂时打个问号。
同是RPC框架,就不可避免的要和另一个优秀开源框架dubbo/dubbox比较
缺点:
1 功能较少,不支持跨语言调用
2 年轻,稳定性和可能出现的问题尚待检验
优点:
1 轻量级,开发和学习简单
2 年轻,有无限的发展可能性。dubbo因为原创团队的原因已经停止更新,motan能否后来居上,让我们拭目以待。