一、赋值,传递对象的引用
>>> a = [1, 2, 3, 4, ['a', 'b']] >>> b = a >>> b is a True
b就是a ,两者同步改变
二、浅拷贝
>>> a = [1,2,3,[4,5]] >>> b = list(a)#######或者是b = copy.copy(a) >>> b [1, 2, 3, [4, 5]] >>> a is b False >>> b[3][0] = 100#####嵌套的值改变时,影响到原值,两者同步改变 >>> b [1, 2, 3, [100, 5]] >>> a [1, 2, 3, [100, 5]] >>> [id(x) for x in a] [29982856, 29982844, 29982832, 39308384] >>> [id(x) for x in b] [29982856, 29982844, 29982832, 39308384] >>> b[0] = 8#######第一层的值改变时,不影响原值。 >>> b [8, 2, 3, [100, 5]] >>> a [1, 2, 3, [100, 5]]
复制了a的引用,只能做到顶层的复制,不能复制嵌套的数据。所以当b的顶层数据改变时,a不变,当嵌套的数据改变时,a也改变。
切片也属于浅拷贝。
三、深拷贝
>>> b = copy.deepcopy(a) >>> b is a False >>> b[3][0] = 100 >>> a [1, 2, 3, [4, 5]] >>> b [1, 2, 3, [100, 5]] >>> b[0] = 8 >>> a [1, 2, 3, [4, 5]] >>> b [8, 2, 3, [100, 5]] >>>