Structs+Spring+Hibernate快速入门
Structs+Spring+Hibernate，这是很经典的一个搭配，它的开发流程也比较程式化，下面以用户注册为例。
注册页面代码：
<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=GBK"%>
<html>
<head><title>Spring、Struts和Hibernate整合之用户注册</title></head>
<body>${msg}
<form name="user" action="/myHibernate/regedit.do" method="post">
用户名 <input type="text" name="username" value="${user.username}"/><br>
密 码 <input type="password" name="password" value="${user.password}"/><br>
<input type="submit" name="method" value="提交"/>
</form>
</body>
</html>
实体Bean类：
package com.myHibernate.bean;
public class User1 {
// 定义id
private String id = null;
//定义用户名
private String username = null;
//定义密码
private String password = null;
//设定id
public void setId(String id) {
this.id = id;
}
//获取id
public String getId() {
return this.id;
}
//设定用户名
public void setUsername (String username) {
this.username = username;
}
//获取用户名
public String getUsername () {
return this.username;
}
//设定密码
public void setPassword (String password) {
this.password = password;
}
//获取密码
public String getPassword () {
return this.password;
}
}
对应的映射文件User.hbm.xml:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-mapping package="com.myHibernate.bean">
<class name="User" table="user">
<!--定义id-->
<id name="id" column="id">
<generator class="native"/>
</id>
<!--定义用户名-->
<property name="username"/>
<!--定义密码-->
<property name="password"/>
</class>
</hibernate-mapping>
用户DAO接口：
package com.myHibernate.dao;
import com.myHibernate.bean.User;
public interface UserDAO {
//查询用户
public abstract User queryUser(String name);
//新增用户
public abstract void insertUser(User user);
//修改用户
public abstract void updateUser(User user);
//删除用户
public abstract void deleteUser(User user);
}
用户DAO接口实现类：
package com.myHibernate.dao.impl;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
import com.myHibernate.bean.User;
import com.myHibernate.dao.UserDAO;
public class UserDAOImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDAO{
private SessionFactory sessionFactory;
private String hql = "from User u where u.username = ?";
//查询用户
public User queryUser(String name) {
User user = null;
//如果查询结果为空
if (this.getHibernateTemplate().find(hql, name) == null ) {
user = null;
} else {
//不为空时，取第一笔
user = (User)this.getHibernateTemplate().find(hql, name).get(0);
}
return user;
}
//新增用户
public void insertUser(User user) {
this.getHibernateTemplate().save(user);
}
//修改用户
public void updateUser(User user) {
this.getHibernateTemplate().update(user);
}
//删除用户
public void deleteUser(User user) {
this.getHibernateTemplate().delete(user);
}
}
package com.myHibernate.domain;
import com.myHibernate.bean.User;
public interface Regedit {
//保存用户
public abstract void saveUser(User user);
//修改用户
public abstract void updateUser(User user);
//删除用户
public abstract void deleteUser(User user);
//获取是否保存成功的消息
public abstract String getMsg();
}
注册的业务逻辑实现：
package com.myHibernate.domain.impl;
import com.myHibernate.bean.User;
import com.myHibernate.dao.UserDAO;
import com.myHibernate.domain.Regedit;
public class RegeditImpl implements Regedit{
private String msg;
private UserDAO userDao;
//保存用户
public void saveUser(User user) {
userDao.insertUser(user);
msg = "保存成功";
}
//修改用户
public void updateUser(User user) {
userDao.updateUser(user);
}
//删除用户
public void deleteUser(User user) {
userDao.deleteUser(user);
}
//获取是否保存成功的消息
public String getMsg() {
return msg;
}
/**
* @返回userDao
*/
public UserDAO getUserDao() {
return userDao;
}
/**
* @注入userDao
*/
public void setUserDao(UserDAO userDao) {
this.userDao = userDao;
}
}
用户注册控制器类：
package com.myHibernate.action;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
//导入struts包
import org.apache.struts.action.Action;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
import com.myHibernate.bean.User;
import com.myHibernate.domain.Regedit;
//继承action
public class RegeditAction extends Action {
//定义接口Regedit
private Regedit regedit;
//获取值
public Regedit getRegedit () {
return regedit;
}
//依赖注入值
public void setRegedit (Regedit regedit) {
this.regedit = regedit;
}
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
//获取用户提交的信息
User user = (User)form;
//保存用户提交的信息
getRegedit().saveUser(user);
//将用户提交的信息和是否保存成功的信息存放在request中
request.setAttribute("user", user);
request.setAttribute("msg", regedit.getMsg());
//返回页面
return mapping.findForward("regedit");
}
}
下面是配置文件方面，首先是Hibernate的配置文件hibernate.cfg.xml，定义了访问数据库所需要的一些值：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
<session-factory>
<property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/myHibernate</property>
<property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
<property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>
<property name="show_sql">true</property>
<mapping resource="com/myHibernate/bean/User.hbm.xml"/>
</session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">
<beans>
<!--定义数据源-->
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<!--设定驱动-->
<property name="driverClassName">
<value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
</property>
<!--设定url-->
<property name="url">
<value>jdbc:mysql://localhost/myHibernate</value>
</property>
<!--设定用户名-->
<property name="username">
<value>root</value>
</property>
</bean>
<!--通过org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean建立联系-->
<bean id="sessionFactory"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource">
<ref local="dataSource" />
</property>
<!--定义要使用的映射文件-->
<property name="mappingResources">
<list>
<value>com\myHibernate\bean\User.hbm.xml</value>
</list>
</property>
<!--定义要使用的方言和是否显示sql-->
<property name="hibernateProperties">
<props>
<prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!--这里添加对事务处理的支持，当然也可以不用-->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
<property name="sessionFactory">
<ref local="sessionFactory" />
</property>
</bean>
<!--表示要将下面定义的userDao置于事务处理之下-->
<bean id="userDaoProxy"
class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
<property name="transactionManager">
<ref bean="transactionManager" />
</property>
<!--要代理userDao-->
<property name="target">
<ref local="userDao" />
</property>
<!--定义不同情况下，事务处理的方式-->
<property name="transactionAttributes">
<props>
<prop key="create*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
<prop key="update*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
<prop key="delete*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
<prop key="query*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>
</props>
</property>
</bean>
<!--定义userDao-->
<bean id="userDao" class="com.myHibernate.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl">
<property name="sessionFactory">
<ref local="sessionFactory" />
</property>
</bean>
<!--定义regedit，将UserDAO进行注入-->
<bean id="regedit" class="com.myHibernate.domain.impl.RegeditImpl">
<property name="userDao">
<ref local="userDao" />
</property>
</bean>
<!--定义login，将UserDAO进行注入-->
<bean id="login" class="com.myHibernate.domain.impl.LoginImpl">
<property name="userDao">
<ref local="userDao" />
</property>
</bean>
<!--定义和Struts相应的映射，将regedit进行注入-->
<bean name="/regedit" class="com.myHibernate.action.RegeditAction">
<property name="regedit">
<ref bean="regedit"/>
</property>
</bean>
<!--定义和Struts相应的映射，将login进行注入-->
<bean name="/login" class="com.myHibernate.action.LoginAction">
<property name="login">
<ref bean="login"/>
</property>
</bean>
</beans>
然后是Struts的配置文件struts-config.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN" "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">
<struts-config><!--定义formbean--><form-beans><form-bean name="user" type="com.myHibernate.bean.User"/></form-beans>
<action-mappings>
<!--定义和SPring配置文件相同的路径-->
<action path="/regedit" type="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy" name="user">
<forward name="regedit" path="/jsp/regedit.jsp"/>
</action>
<!--定义初次访问时的路径-->
<action path="/input"
type="org.apache.struts.actions.ForwardAction"
parameter="/jsp/regedit.jsp"/>
<!--定义和SPring配置文件相同的路径-->
<action path="/login"
type="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy" name="user">
<forward name="login" path="/jsp/login.jsp"/>
</action>
<!--定义初次访问时的路径-->
<action path="/loginTemp"
type="org.apache.struts.actions.ForwardAction"
parameter="/jsp/login.jsp"/>
</action-mappings>
<!--注册ContextLoaderPlugIn插件-->
<plug-in className="org.springframework.web.struts.ContextLoaderPlugIn">
<set-property property="contextConfigLocation" value="/WEB-INF/spring-config.xml" />
</plug-in>
</struts-config>
最后是Web应用程序配置文件web.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.4"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>actionServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
<!--初始参数-->
<init-param>
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!--处理所有后缀为do的请求-->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>actionServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
可以看到，MVC的三层架构思路很清晰，但缺点也很明显，配置文件太过于冗杂，CRUD代码随处冗余，不够简约，下一篇文章中我们将见识到一个解决这个问题的优秀框架—SpringSide。
出处：http://phinecos.cnblogs.com/
注册页面代码：
<%@page contentType="text/html;charset=GBK"%><html> <head><title>Spring、Struts和Hibernate整合之用户注册</title></head> <body>${msg} <form name="user" action="/myHibernate/regedit.do" method="post"> 用户名 <input type="text" name="username" value="${user.username}"/><br> 密 码 <input type="password" name="password" value="${user.password}"/><br> <input type="submit" name="method" value="提交"/> </form> </body> </html>
实体Bean类：
package com.myHibernate.bean;public class User1 {// 定义id private String id = null; //定义用户名 private String username = null; //定义密码 private String password = null; //设定id public void setId(String id) { this.id = id; } //获取id public String getId() { return this.id; } //设定用户名 public void setUsername (String username) { this.username = username; } //获取用户名 public String getUsername () { return this.username; } //设定密码 public void setPassword (String password) { this.password = password; } //获取密码 public String getPassword () { return this.password; }}
<?xml version="1.0"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-mapping package="com.myHibernate.bean"> <class name="User" table="user"> <!--定义id--> <id name="id" column="id"> <generator class="native"/> </id> <!--定义用户名--> <property name="username"/> <!--定义密码--> <property name="password"/> </class></hibernate-mapping>
package com.myHibernate.dao;import com.myHibernate.bean.User;public interface UserDAO { //查询用户 public abstract User queryUser(String name); //新增用户 public abstract void insertUser(User user); //修改用户 public abstract void updateUser(User user); //删除用户 public abstract void deleteUser(User user);}
package com.myHibernate.dao.impl;import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;import com.myHibernate.bean.User;import com.myHibernate.dao.UserDAO;public class UserDAOImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDAO{ private SessionFactory sessionFactory; private String hql = "from User u where u.username = ?"; //查询用户 public User queryUser(String name) { User user = null; //如果查询结果为空 if (this.getHibernateTemplate().find(hql, name) == null ) { user = null; } else { //不为空时，取第一笔 user = (User)this.getHibernateTemplate().find(hql, name).get(0); } return user; } //新增用户 public void insertUser(User user) { this.getHibernateTemplate().save(user); } //修改用户 public void updateUser(User user) { this.getHibernateTemplate().update(user); } //删除用户 public void deleteUser(User user) { this.getHibernateTemplate().delete(user); }}
注册的业务逻辑接口：
package com.myHibernate.domain;import com.myHibernate.bean.User;public interface Regedit { //保存用户 public abstract void saveUser(User user); //修改用户 public abstract void updateUser(User user); //删除用户 public abstract void deleteUser(User user); //获取是否保存成功的消息 public abstract String getMsg();}
package com.myHibernate.domain.impl;import com.myHibernate.bean.User;import com.myHibernate.dao.UserDAO;import com.myHibernate.domain.Regedit;public class RegeditImpl implements Regedit{ private String msg; private UserDAO userDao; //保存用户 public void saveUser(User user) { userDao.insertUser(user); msg = "保存成功"; } //修改用户 public void updateUser(User user) { userDao.updateUser(user); } //删除用户 public void deleteUser(User user) { userDao.deleteUser(user); } //获取是否保存成功的消息 public String getMsg() { return msg; } /** * @返回userDao */ public UserDAO getUserDao() { return userDao; } /** * @注入userDao */ public void setUserDao(UserDAO userDao) { this.userDao = userDao; }}
package com.myHibernate.action;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;//导入struts包import org.apache.struts.action.Action;import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;import org.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;import org.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;import com.myHibernate.bean.User;import com.myHibernate.domain.Regedit;//继承action public class RegeditAction extends Action { //定义接口Regedit private Regedit regedit; //获取值 public Regedit getRegedit () { return regedit; } //依赖注入值 public void setRegedit (Regedit regedit) { this.regedit = regedit; } public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { //获取用户提交的信息 User user = (User)form; //保存用户提交的信息 getRegedit().saveUser(user); //将用户提交的信息和是否保存成功的信息存放在request中 request.setAttribute("user", user); request.setAttribute("msg", regedit.getMsg()); //返回页面 return mapping.findForward("regedit"); }}
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost/myHibernate</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property> <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property> <property name="show_sql">true</property> <mapping resource="com/myHibernate/bean/User.hbm.xml"/> </session-factory></hibernate-configuration>
然后是Spring的配置文件spring-config.xml：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd"><beans> <!--定义数据源--> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <!--设定驱动--> <property name="driverClassName"> <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value> </property> <!--设定url--> <property name="url"> <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost/myHibernate</value> </property> <!--设定用户名--> <property name="username"> <value>root</value> </property> </bean> <!--通过org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean建立联系--> <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="dataSource"> <ref local="dataSource" /> </property> <!--定义要使用的映射文件--> <property name="mappingResources"> <list> <value>com\myHibernate\bean\User.hbm.xml</value> </list> </property> <!--定义要使用的方言和是否显示sql--> <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props> <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop> <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!--这里添加对事务处理的支持，当然也可以不用--> <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory"> <ref local="sessionFactory" /> </property> </bean> <!--表示要将下面定义的userDao置于事务处理之下--> <bean id="userDaoProxy" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"> <property name="transactionManager"> <ref bean="transactionManager" /> </property> <!--要代理userDao--> <property name="target"> <ref local="userDao" /> </property> <!--定义不同情况下，事务处理的方式--> <property name="transactionAttributes"> <props> <prop key="create*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> <prop key="update*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> <prop key="delete*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop> <prop key="query*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop> </props> </property> </bean> <!--定义userDao--> <bean id="userDao" class="com.myHibernate.dao.impl.UserDAOImpl"> <property name="sessionFactory"> <ref local="sessionFactory" /> </property> </bean> <!--定义regedit，将UserDAO进行注入--> <bean id="regedit" class="com.myHibernate.domain.impl.RegeditImpl"> <property name="userDao"> <ref local="userDao" /> </property> </bean> <!--定义login，将UserDAO进行注入--> <bean id="login" class="com.myHibernate.domain.impl.LoginImpl"> <property name="userDao"> <ref local="userDao" /> </property> </bean> <!--定义和Struts相应的映射，将regedit进行注入--> <bean name="/regedit" class="com.myHibernate.action.RegeditAction"> <property name="regedit"> <ref bean="regedit"/> </property> </bean> <!--定义和Struts相应的映射，将login进行注入--> <bean name="/login" class="com.myHibernate.action.LoginAction"> <property name="login"> <ref bean="login"/> </property> </bean></beans>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN" "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd"><struts-config><!--定义formbean--><form-beans><form-bean name="user" type="com.myHibernate.bean.User"/></form-beans> <action-mappings> <!--定义和SPring配置文件相同的路径--> <action path="/regedit" type="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy" name="user"> <forward name="regedit" path="/jsp/regedit.jsp"/> </action> <!--定义初次访问时的路径--> <action path="/input" type="org.apache.struts.actions.ForwardAction" parameter="/jsp/regedit.jsp"/> <!--定义和SPring配置文件相同的路径--> <action path="/login" type="org.springframework.web.struts.DelegatingActionProxy" name="user"> <forward name="login" path="/jsp/login.jsp"/> </action> <!--定义初次访问时的路径--> <action path="/loginTemp" type="org.apache.struts.actions.ForwardAction" parameter="/jsp/login.jsp"/> </action-mappings> <!--注册ContextLoaderPlugIn插件--> <plug-in className="org.springframework.web.struts.ContextLoaderPlugIn"> <set-property property="contextConfigLocation" value="/WEB-INF/spring-config.xml" /> </plug-in></struts-config>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"> <servlet> <servlet-name>actionServlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class> <!--初始参数--> <init-param> <param-name>config</param-name> <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet> <!--处理所有后缀为do的请求--> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>actionServlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping></web-app>