这个程序主要参考韦东山的视频资料,不过他用的linux内核为2.6.22,和2.6.30的源码好多函数实现的不一样。譬如说,在这个例子中,需要创建类、类的设备等等这些函数,在2.6.22中是函数class_creat和class_devices_creat,不过,在2.6.30中却是class_creat和device_creat.废话不多说,上代码:
led_driver.c
#include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/kernel.h> #include <linux/fs.h> #include <linux/init.h> #include <linux/delay.h> #include <linux/device.h> #include <asm/uaccess.h> #include <asm/irq.h> #include <asm/io.h> #include <mach/regs-gpio.h> #include <mach/hardware.h> static struct class *firstdrv_class; static struct class_device *firstdrv_class_dev; volatile unsigned long *gpfcon = NULL; volatile unsigned long *gpfdat = NULL; static int first_drv_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file) { //printk("first_drv_open\n"); /* 配置GPF4,5,6为输出 */ *gpfcon &= ~((0x3<<(5*2)) | (0x3<<(6*2)) | (0x3<<(7*2)) | (0x3<<(8*2))); *gpfcon |= ((0x1<<(5*2)) | (0x1<<(6*2)) | (0x1<<(7*2)) | (0x1<<(8*2))); return 0; } static ssize_t first_drv_write(struct file *file, const char __user *buf, size_t count, loff_t * ppos) { int val; //printk("first_drv_write\n"); copy_from_user(&val, buf, count); // copy_to_user(); if (val == 1) { // 点灯 *gpfdat &= ~((1<<5) | (1<<6) | (1<<7) | (1<<8)); } else { // 灭灯 *gpfdat |= (1<<5) | (1<<6) | (1<<7) | (1<<8); } return 0; } static struct file_operations first_drv_fops = { .owner = THIS_MODULE, /* 这是一个宏,推向编译模块时自动创建的__this_module变量 */ .open = first_drv_open, .write = first_drv_write, }; int major; static int first_drv_init(void) { major = register_chrdev(0, "first_drv", &first_drv_fops); // 注册, 告诉内核 firstdrv_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE, "firstdrv"); firstdrv_class_dev = device_create(firstdrv_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, 0), NULL, "xyz"); /* /dev/xyz */ gpfcon = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000010, 16); gpfdat = gpfcon + 1; return 0; } static void first_drv_exit(void) { unregister_chrdev(major, "first_drv"); // device_destroy(firstdrv_class,MKDEV(major,0)); class_destroy(firstdrv_class); iounmap(gpfcon); } module_init(first_drv_init); module_exit(first_drv_exit); MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
测试程序:
#include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/stat.h> #include <fcntl.h> #include <stdio.h> /* firstdrvtest on * firstdrvtest off */ int main(int argc, char **argv) { int fd; int val = 1; fd = open("/dev/xyz", O_RDWR); if (fd < 0) { printf("can't open!\n"); } if (argc != 2) { printf("Usage :\n"); printf("%s <on|off>\n", argv[0]); return 0; } if (strcmp(argv[1], "on") == 0) { val = 1; } else { val = 0; } write(fd, &val, 4); return 0; }
在驱动程序中,首先用注册设备驱动,再创建class、class_device,udev机制会根据这两个内容自动创建设备节点,这样设备节点和设备驱动就通过设备号连接起来。操作设备节点/dev/xyz就会通过设备号连接到驱动。这个程序是控led灯的亮灭,天嵌开发板的led口是连在GPB5、6、7、8上,通过GPBCON、GPBDAT来控制各个位。GPBCON的地址为0x56000010,通过ioremap得到虚拟地址,然后操作虚拟地址即可。
测试程序:先执行./firsrdrvtest 主函数会判断变量的个数,此时变量个数为1,执行显示用法。然后./firsrdrvtest on/off时,变量为2,首先打开设备,得到fd,判断主函数第二个参数,当为on时,val为1,然后把fd、val用write函数写入即可调用相关的驱动。