Python通过Zabbix API获得数据

Zabbix API查询：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/2.0/manual/appendix/api/api

import json,urllib2
from urllib2 import Request, urlopen, URLError, HTTPError
#url and url header
#zabbix的api 地址，用户名，密码，这里修改为自己实际的参数
zabbix_url="http://10.16.2.40/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php"
zabbix_header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"}
zabbix_user   = "admin"
zabbix_pass   = "password"
auth_code     = ""

#auth user and password
#用户认证信息的部分，最终的目的是得到一个SESSIONID
#这里是生成一个json格式的数据，用户名和密码
auth_data = json.dumps(
        {
            "jsonrpc":"2.0",
            "method":"user.login",
            "params":
                    {
                        "user":zabbix_user,
                        "password":zabbix_pass
                    },
            "id":0
        })

# create request object
request = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,auth_data)

for key in zabbix_header:
    request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key])

try:
    result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
#对于出错新的处理
except HTTPError, e:
    print 'The server couldn\'t fulfill the request, Error code: ', e.code
except URLError, e:
    print 'We failed to reach a server.Reason: ', e.reason
else:
    response=json.loads(result.read())
    print response
    result.close()

#判断SESSIONID是否在返回的数据中
if  'result'  in  response:
    auth_code=response['result']
else:
    print  response['error']['data']
                                                                                                                                                                                    
# request json
#用得到的SESSIONID去通过验证，获取主机的信息（用http.get方法）
if len(auth_code) <> 0:
    host_list=[]
    get_host_data = json.dumps(
    {
        "jsonrpc":"2.0",
        "method":"host.get",
        "params":{
                "output": "extend",
        },
        "auth":auth_code,
        "id":1,
    })

    # create request object
    request = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,get_host_data)
    for key in zabbix_header:
        request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key])

    # get host list
    try:
        result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
    except URLError as e:
        if hasattr(e, 'reason'):
            print 'We failed to reach a server.'
            print 'Reason: ', e.reason
        elif hasattr(e, 'code'):
            print 'The server could not fulfill the request.'
            print 'Error code: ', e.code
    else:
        response = json.loads(result.read())
        result.close()                                                                                                                                                                        
        #将所有的主机信息显示出来
        for r in response['result']:
        #    print r['hostid'],r['host']
            host_list.append(r['hostid'])
        #显示主机的个数
        print "Number Of Hosts: ", len(host_list)

    

　　#返回所有hostid==10251的主机，并只查询name包含“CPU Usage”字段的item，并按照name排序
    get_item_data = json.dumps({
        "jsonrpc": "2.0",
        "method": "item.get",
        "params": {
            "output": "extend",
            "hostids": "10251"
            "search": {
                #"key_": 'perf_counter[\Processor Information(_Total)\% Processor Time]'
                "name": "CPU Usage"
            },
            "sortfield": "name"
        },
        "auth": auth_code,
        "id": 1
    })

    request = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,get_item_data)
    for key in zabbix_header:
        request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key])
    result = urllib2.urlopen(request)

    try:
        result = urllib2.urlopen(request)    
        response = json.loads(result.read())
        for r in response['result']:
            print r['itemid'],r['hostid']
        result.close()    
    except:
        pass

    #通过hostid获取相应的graphid
    get_graph_data = json.dumps({
        "jsonrpc": "2.0",
        "method": "graphitem.get",
        "params": {
            "output": "extend",
            "expandData": 1,
            "itemids": "33712"
        },
        "auth": auth_code,
        "id": 1
    })
    request = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,get_graph_data)
    for key in zabbix_header:
        request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key])
    result = urllib2.urlopen(request)

    try:
        result = urllib2.urlopen(request)    
        response = json.loads(result.read())
        for r in response['result']:
            print r['itemid'],r['graphid']
        result.close()    
    except:
        pass

参考：http://itnihao.blog.51cto.com/1741976/1343524