Android_shell编程
作为底层人员开发android测试程序，经常用到一些脚本来开发一些功能，集成到APP中。
如果使用编码来实现shell脚本，一来非常麻烦，二来效率低，三来很多功能根本实现不了。
这里很多脚本需要root来运行，那么作为开发的设备，首先得确保能正常获取到ROOT权限。
ROOT的方法具体的设备均不相同，但原理都是通的。
1. 破解和集成su命令
2. 权限管理软件如：SuperSU
具体破解的方法就自行百度吧。
JAVA: shell类
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.util.List;
/**
* ShellUtils
* <ul>
* <strong>Check root</strong>
* <li>{@link ShellUtils#checkRootPermission()}</li>
* </ul>
* <ul>
* <strong>Execte command</strong>
* <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(String, boolean)}</li>
* <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(String, boolean, boolean)}</li>
* <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(List, boolean)}</li>
* <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(List, boolean, boolean)}</li>
* <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean)}</li>
* <li>{@link ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)}</li>
* </ul>
*
* @author <a href="http://www.trinea.cn" target="_blank">Trinea</a> 2013-5-16
*/
public class ShellUtils {
public static final String COMMAND_SU = "su";
public static final String COMMAND_SH = "sh";
public static final String COMMAND_EXIT = "exit\n";
public static final String COMMAND_LINE_END = "\n";
//add
public static final String COMMAND_LINE_NEXT_LINE = "\r\n";
private ShellUtils() {
throw new AssertionError();
}
/**
* check whether has root permission
*
* @return
*/
public static boolean checkRootPermission() {
return execCommand("echo root", true, false).result == 0;
}
/**
* execute shell command, default return result msg
*
* @param command command
* @param isRoot whether need to run with root
* @return
* @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
*/
public static CommandResult execCommand(String command, boolean isRoot) {
return execCommand(new String[] {command}, isRoot, true);
}
/**
* execute shell commands, default return result msg
*
* @param commands command list
* @param isRoot whether need to run with root
* @return
* @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
*/
public static CommandResult execCommand(List<String> commands, boolean isRoot) {
return execCommand(commands == null ? null : commands.toArray(new String[] {}), isRoot, true);
}
/**
* execute shell commands, default return result msg
*
* @param commands command array
* @param isRoot whether need to run with root
* @return
* @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
*/
public static CommandResult execCommand(String[] commands, boolean isRoot) {
return execCommand(commands, isRoot, true);
}
/**
* execute shell command
*
* @param command command
* @param isRoot whether need to run with root
* @param isNeedResultMsg whether need result msg
* @return
* @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
*/
public static CommandResult execCommand(String command, boolean isRoot, boolean isNeedResultMsg) {
return execCommand(new String[] {command}, isRoot, isNeedResultMsg);
}
/**
* execute shell commands
*
* @param commands command list
* @param isRoot whether need to run with root
* @param isNeedResultMsg whether need result msg
* @return
* @see ShellUtils#execCommand(String[], boolean, boolean)
*/
public static CommandResult execCommand(List<String> commands, boolean isRoot, boolean isNeedResultMsg) {
return execCommand(commands == null ? null : commands.toArray(new String[] {}), isRoot, isNeedResultMsg);
}
/**
* execute shell commands
*
* @param commands command array
* @param isRoot whether need to run with root
* @param isNeedResultMsg whether need result msg
* @return <ul>
* <li>if isNeedResultMsg is false, {@link CommandResult#successMsg} is null and
* {@link CommandResult#errorMsg} is null.</li>
* <li>if {@link CommandResult#result} is -1, there maybe some excepiton.</li>
* </ul>
*/
public static CommandResult execCommand(String[] commands, boolean isRoot, boolean isNeedResultMsg) {
int result = -1;
if (commands == null || commands.length == 0) {
return new CommandResult(result, null, null);
}
Process process = null;
BufferedReader successResult = null;
BufferedReader errorResult = null;
StringBuilder successMsg = null;
StringBuilder errorMsg = null;
DataOutputStream os = null;
try {
process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(isRoot ? COMMAND_SU : COMMAND_SH);
os = new DataOutputStream(process.getOutputStream());
for (String command : commands) {
if (command == null) {
continue;
}
// donnot use os.writeBytes(commmand), avoid chinese charset error
os.write(command.getBytes());
os.writeBytes(COMMAND_LINE_END);
os.flush();
}
os.writeBytes(COMMAND_EXIT);
os.flush();
result = process.waitFor();
// get command result
if (isNeedResultMsg) {
successMsg = new StringBuilder();
errorMsg = new StringBuilder();
successResult = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getInputStream()));
errorResult = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(process.getErrorStream()));
String s;
while ((s = successResult.readLine()) != null) {
successMsg.append(s).append(COMMAND_LINE_NEXT_LINE);
}
while ((s = errorResult.readLine()) != null) {
errorMsg.append(s).append(COMMAND_LINE_NEXT_LINE);
}
//返回信息 使用换行
if(successMsg!=null&&successMsg.length()>COMMAND_LINE_NEXT_LINE.length()){
successMsg.delete(successMsg.length()-COMMAND_LINE_NEXT_LINE.length(), successMsg.length());
}
if(errorMsg!=null&&errorMsg.length()>COMMAND_LINE_NEXT_LINE.length()){
errorMsg.delete(errorMsg.length()-COMMAND_LINE_NEXT_LINE.length(), errorMsg.length());
}
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
try {
if (os != null) {
os.close();
}
if (successResult != null) {
successResult.close();
}
if (errorResult != null) {
errorResult.close();
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
if (process != null) {
process.destroy();
}
}
return new CommandResult(result, successMsg == null ? null : successMsg.toString(), errorMsg == null ? null
: errorMsg.toString());
}
/**
* result of command
* <ul>
* <li>{@link CommandResult#result} means result of command, 0 means normal, else means error, same to excute in
* linux shell</li>
* <li>{@link CommandResult#successMsg} means success message of command result</li>
* <li>{@link CommandResult#errorMsg} means error message of command result</li>
* </ul>
*
* @author <a href="http://www.trinea.cn" target="_blank">Trinea</a> 2013-5-16
*/
public static class CommandResult {
/** result of command **/
public int result;
/** success message of command result **/
public String successMsg;
/** error message of command result **/
public String errorMsg;
public CommandResult(int result) {
this.result = result;
}
public CommandResult(int result, String successMsg, String errorMsg) {
this.result = result;
this.successMsg = successMsg;
this.errorMsg = errorMsg;
}
}
}
使用的方法很简单，这里做一个简单封装：
public static int run_shell(String shell[], boolean isRoot) {
if (null == shell || shell.length <= 0) {
return -1;
}
List<String> commnandList = new ArrayList<String>();
for (String s : shell) {
// Log.d(TAG, s);
commnandList.add(s);
}
CommandResult result = ShellUtils.execCommand(commnandList, isRoot);
commnandList.clear();
if (result.result == 0) {
Log.d(TAG, "successMsg: " + result.successMsg);
} else {
Log.d(TAG, "error: " + result.errorMsg);
}
return result.result;
}
String cmd1[]={
"rm /sdcard/shj*.log",
};
run_shell(cmd1,true);
这里的封装单单是为了运行命令而封装的，当命令成功返回，需要参考 返回信息。
像ls这类命令，返回信息就非常重要，用法就不是这样的了。
至于为什么我要封装成命令数组，在于有些命令非常麻烦，居然不支持绝对路径，busybox中tar命令，居然没有-P这个参数。
当然很多命令适合封装成脚本来运行，就得先chmod +x 然后在 执行，所以数组也蛮合理的。
这里的boolean值，就是要说是否使用ROOT权限来执行这个命令，
如果这里填true,已经root并安装supersu会弹出是否允许的提示框。
当然觉得这个提示很烦，可以在superSU设置为默认允许即可。