ORACLE ADR 不能直接执行repair failure，需要先执行advice failure，生成修复脚本

正确答案：D

 

一、模拟上题的错误：

１、删除4号文件

 [oracle@mydb ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/
 [oracle@mydb ocm]$ rm -rf users01.dbf

２、数据库宕机

 sys@OCM> shutdown abort;
 ORACLE instance shut down.

３、启动数据库报错，与上题报错一样

 sys@OCM> startup
 ORACLE instance started.

 Total System Global Area  839282688 bytes
 Fixed Size                  2233000 bytes
 Variable Size             583011672 bytes
 Database Buffers          247463936 bytes
 Redo Buffers                6574080 bytes
 Database mounted.
 ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 4 - see DBWR trace file
 ORA-01110: data file 4: '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/users01.dbf'

４、如果试图在没有执行advise failure命令时使用repair failure命令，将出现如下错误：

 [oracle@mydb ~]$ rman target /
 RMAN> repair failure;

 using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
 RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
 RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
 RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
 RMAN-03002: failure of repair command at 09/01/2013 23:15:16
 RMAN-06954: REPAIR command must be preceded by ADVISE command in same session

　　　主要原因是：在运行repairfailure之前，要先运行advise failure，让rman列出错误，并且生成修复脚本，之后运行repair failure修复错误。

一、正确的恢复的过程如下：

１、      启动RMAN客户机，并使用前一节介绍的数据库修复命令来解决丢失数据问题，我们从list failure命令开始：

 RMAN> list failure;

 List of Database Failures
 =========================

 Failure ID Priority Status    Time Detected Summary
 ---------- -------- --------- ------------- -------
 2002       HIGH     OPEN      01-SEP-13     One or more non-system datafiles are missing

２、advisefailure命令对记录在自动诊断信息库中的所有故障给出建议。默认时，此命令只列出具有critical或high优先级的那些故障。除了产生所有输入故障的摘要外，此命令还对每个故障提供一个建议修复选项。通常，advise failure命令同时给出自动和手动修复选项。在advisefailure命令输出结束时，RMAN生成一个脚本，列出建议的修复选项的细节。如果你想自己进行修复，可以直接使用这个脚本，或者对它进行修改。

　　

 RMAN> advise failure;

 List of Database Failures
 =========================

 Failure ID Priority Status    Time Detected Summary
 ---------- -------- --------- ------------- -------
 2002       HIGH     OPEN      01-SEP-13     One or more non-system datafiles are missing

 analyzing automatic repair options; this may take some time
 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=10 device type=DISK
 analyzing automatic repair options complete

 Mandatory Manual Actions
 ========================
 no manual actions available

 Optional Manual Actions
 =======================
 1. If file /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/users01.dbf was unintentionally renamed or moved, restore it

 Automated Repair Options
 ========================
 Option Repair Description
 ------ ------------------
 1      Restore and recover datafile 4
   Strategy: The repair includes complete media recovery with no data loss
   Repair script: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ocm/ocm/hm/reco_3275375759.hm

３、利用advise failure命令提供的建议，epair  failure根据建议修复错误。

 RMAN> repair failure;

 Strategy: The repair includes complete media recovery with no data loss
 Repair script: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/ocm/ocm/hm/reco_3275375759.hm

 contents of repair script:
    # restore and recover datafile
    restore datafile 4;
    recover datafile 4;
    sql 'alter database datafile 4 online';

 Do you really want to execute the above repair (enter YES or NO)? Y
 executing repair script

 Starting restore at 01-SEP-13
 using channel ORA_DISK_1

 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
 channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
 channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00004 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ocm/users01.dbf
 channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/0uoiptgq_1_1
 channel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/0uoiptgq_1_1 tag=TAG20130901T230250
 channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
 channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
 Finished restore at 01-SEP-13

 Starting recover at 01-SEP-13
 using channel ORA_DISK_1

 starting media recovery
 media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01

 Finished recover at 01-SEP-13

 sql statement: alter database datafile 4 online
 repair failure complete

 Do you want to open the database (enter YES or NO)? Y
 database opened