第六天 我为集成平台狂（四）-步履轻盈的JQuery(二)
3月6日，小雨，温度有点低，“乍暖还寒时候，最难将息”。研究了集成平台的验证方法，似乎用的jquery.validate，从平台生成的JS文件夹里，发现了jquery.validate.js文件，肯定了俺的判断。有必要挖一挖jquery.validate.js的使用方法，
极具实用性。
1、牛刀小试
第一步，官方网站下载jquery.validate.js：http://bassistance.de/jquery-plugins/jquery-plugin-validation/。导入jquery.validate库，放在jquery-1.8.3.js的后面，注意顺序不要颠倒：
<script src="js/jquery-1.8.3.js"></script>
<script src="js/jquery.validate.js"></script>
第二步，编写测试表单validateTest.html
<!doctype html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>JQuery Test</title> <script src="js/jquery-1.8.3.js"></script> <script src="js/jquery.validate.js"></script> <script src="js/myValidate1.js"></script> </head> <body> <form id="testForm" name="form1" method="get" action=""> <p> 用户名： <input type="text" name="loginName" class="required"> <p>电子邮件： <input type="text" name="eMail" class="required email"> <p>手机： <input type="text" name="cellPhone" class="required mobile"> <p> 密码： <input type="password" name="password" id="password" class="required"> <p>密码验证： <input type="password" name="password2" class="required"> <p> <input class="submit" type="submit" name="button" id="button" value="提交" /> </p> </form> </body> </html>
第三步，添加脚本myValidate1.js来进行验证
$(document).ready(function(e) {
$("#testForm").validate({
})
});
运行测试表单validateTest.html，不填任何内容，点击确定按钮，结果如图：
很神奇的情况出现了，我们没有写任何信息提示，但是，提示如愿而至，太爽了
。但是，高兴的太早，提示信息是洋文
。为什么会出现这种状况？
分析一下代码，在validateTest.html中，class属性表示验证规则，其中required表示必填的，number表示必须是数字，email表示必须是电子邮件格式，如果写成required email表示这个字段必须填写同时必须是email格式；那么required number mobile，就是满足必填-数字-mobile格式这三个校验条件。
由于验证规则写到字段元素的class属性中 ，所以myValidate1.js中的内容只有一句 $("#testForm").validate()，即可完成最简单的字段验证。
那么，善于刨根问底的你也许好奇提示消息的出处？
别急，打开jQuery.Validate源代码（1.11.1版），在281行，会发现这些提示消息的定义方式
。当然jQuery.Validate还提供许多验证方法，如电子邮件，网址，日期，范围，最大值，最小值，整数，值比较等多种验证方式，在993行可以找到。源代码如下：
messages: {
required: "This field is required.",
remote: "Please fix this field.",
email: "Please enter a valid email address.",
url: "Please enter a valid URL.",
date: "Please enter a valid date.",
dateISO: "Please enter a valid date (ISO).",
number: "Please enter a valid number.",
digits: "Please enter only digits.",
creditcard: "Please enter a valid credit card number.",
equalTo: "Please enter the same value again.",
maxlength: $.validator.format("Please enter no more than {0} characters."),
minlength: $.validator.format("Please enter at least {0} characters."),
rangelength: $.validator.format("Please enter a value between {0} and {1} characters long."),
range: $.validator.format("Please enter a value between {0} and {1}."),
max: $.validator.format("Please enter a value less than or equal to {0}."),
min: $.validator.format("Please enter a value greater than or equal to {0}.")
},
methods: {
// http://docs.jquery.com/Plugins/Validation/Methods/required
required: function( value, element, param ) {
// check if dependency is met
if ( !this.depend(param, element) ) {
return "dependency-mismatch";
}
if ( element.nodeName.toLowerCase() === "select" ) {
// could be an array for select-multiple or a string, both are fine this way
var val = $(element).val();
return val && val.length > 0;
}
if ( this.checkable(element) ) {
return this.getLength(value, element) > 0;
}
return $.trim(value).length > 0;
},
// http://docs.jquery.com/Plugins/Validation/Methods/email
email: function( value, element ) {
// contributed by Scott Gonzalez: http://projects.scottsplayground.com/email_address_validation/
return this.optional(element) || /^((([a-z]|\d|[!#\$%&'\*\+\-\/=\?\^_`{\|}~]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])+(\.([a-z]|\d|[!#\$%&'\*\+\-\/=\?\^_`{\|}~]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])+)*)|((\x22)((((\x20|\x09)*(\x0d\x0a))?(\x20|\x09)+)?(([\x01-\x08\x0b\x0c\x0e-\x1f\x7f]|\x21|[\x23-\x5b]|[\x5d-\x7e]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])|(\\([\x01-\x09\x0b\x0c\x0d-\x7f]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF]))))*(((\x20|\x09)*(\x0d\x0a))?(\x20|\x09)+)?(\x22)))@((([a-z]|\d|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])|(([a-z]|\d|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])([a-z]|\d|-|\.|_|~|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])*([a-z]|\d|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])))\.)+(([a-z]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])|(([a-z]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])([a-z]|\d|-|\.|_|~|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])*([a-z]|[\u00A0-\uD7FF\uF900-\uFDCF\uFDF0-\uFFEF])))$/i.test(value);
},
...
2、刨丁解牛
如果把想把消息改成中文的方式，可以直接把英文提示改成中文，
这样太过生猛，破坏力太强。通常是写一个扩展文件，下节介绍。
本节想自己写一个中文提示，再加一些限制条件，如长度、范围等。
修改脚本myValidate1.js如下：
function lang(key) {
mylang = {
'ls_input_name': '请输入您的用户名',
'ls_input_name_length': '用户名的长度为{0}位',
'ls_input_email': '请输入您的邮箱地址',
'ls_input_valid_email': '请输入正确邮箱地址',
'ls_input_cellphone':'请输入您的手机号',
'ls_input_valid_number':'请输入有效数字',
'ls_input_valid_cellphone':'请输入正确手机号码',
'ls_login_password': '请输入您的登录密码',
'ls_password_length': '密码长度为{0}-{1}位之间',
'ls_input_captcha': '请输入验证码',
'ls_equal_captcha': '请输入和密码相同的内容',
};
return mylang[key];
}
$(function(){
$("#testForm").validate({
rules: {
loginName: { required: true, minlength: 2},
password: { required: true , rangelength: [6, 12] },
password2: { required: true , equalTo: "#password" }
},
messages:{
loginName:
{
required: lang('ls_input_name'),
minlength: lang('ls_input_name_length')
},
eMail:
{
required: lang('ls_input_email'),
email: lang('ls_input_valid_email')
},
cellPhone:
{
required: lang('ls_input_cellphone'),
number: lang('ls_input_valid_number'),
mobile: lang('ls_input_valid_cellphone')
},
password:
{
required: lang('ls_login_password'),
rangelength: lang('ls_password_length')
},
password2:
{
required: lang('ls_input_captcha'),
equalTo: lang('ls_equal_captcha')
}
}
});
});
重新运行测试表单validateTest.html，不填任何内容，点击确定按钮，结果如图：
中文提示终于出现了
，别得意，还有多种验证方式呐
可叹，JQuery的精巧与迅捷，直指人心，痛快淋漓，让人折服
。
3、游刃有余
jquery.validate.js 提供了基础的 电子邮件、URL、 日期等验证， 但是在实际开发中可能会有新的验证规则，这个需要我们自己定义一个，如上例中的mobile，就没有定义验证规则。故需要额外添加自定义校验 jquery.validate.extends.js。放在jquery.validate.js的后面，注意顺序不要颠倒：
<script src="js/jquery-1.8.3.js"></script>
<script src="js/jquery.validate.js"></script>
<script src="js/jquery.validate.extends.js"></script>
jquery.validate.extends.js代码如下：
jQuery.extend(jQuery.validator.messages, {
required: "必选字段",
remote: "请修正该字段",
email: "请输入正确格式的电子邮件",
url: "请输入合法的网址",
date: "请输入合法的日期",
dateISO: "请输入合法的日期 (ISO).",
number: "请输入合法的数字",
digits: "只能输入整数",
creditcard: "请输入合法的信用卡号",
equalTo: "请再次输入相同的值",
accept: "请输入拥有合法后缀名的字符串",
maxlength: jQuery.validator.format("允许的最大长度为 {0} 个字符"),
minlength: jQuery.validator.format("允许的最小长度为 {0} 个字符"),
rangelength: jQuery.validator.format("允许的长度为{0}和{1}之间"),
range: jQuery.validator.format("请输入介于 {0} 和 {1} 之间的值"),
max: jQuery.validator.format("请输入一个最大为 {0} 的值"),
min: jQuery.validator.format("请输入一个最小为 {0} 的值")
});
// 手机号码验证
jQuery.validator.addMethod("mobile", function(value, element) {
var length = value.length;
//长度为11，以13，15，18开头的
return this.optional(element) || (length == 11 && /^(((13[0-9]{1})|(15[0-9]{1})|(18[0-9]{1}))+\d{8})$/.test(value));
}, "手机号码格式不对");
自定义验证方法（addMethod：name, method, message）就写了一个手机号码验证，如需新的验证方法，可自己添加。
修改脚本myValidate1.js 如下：
$(function(){
$("#testForm").validate({
rules: {
loginName: { required: true, minlength: 2},
password: { required: true , rangelength: [6, 12] },
password2: { required: true , equalTo: "#password" }
}
});
});
重新运行测试表单validateTest.html，填写测试内容，点击确定按钮，结果如图：
其实，校验规则既可以写到html的控件中，也可以写在js代码中，写在js中较整洁些。
http://www.douban.com/note/375865795/
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