Android开发中Dialog对话框的使用

2011年12月01日09:34 来源： 博客园作者：诚实小郎君 编辑： 景保玉 我要评论( 0)

　　【IT168技术】Dialog是android开发过程中最常用到的组件之一，它包括以下几种类型：

　　警告对话框：Alertialog

　　进度对话框：ProgressDialog

　　日期选择对话框：DatePickerDialog

　　时间选择对话框：TimePickerDialog

　　自定义对话框：从Dialog继承

　　Dialog的创建方式有两种：

　　一是直接new一个Dialog对象，然后调用Dialog对象的show和dismiss方法来控制对话框的显示和隐藏。

　　二是在Activity的onCreateDialog(int id)方法中创建Dialog对象并返回，然后调用Activty的showDialog(int id)和dismissDialog(int id)来显示和隐藏对话框。

　　区别在于通过第二种方式创建的对话框会继承Activity的属性，比如获得Activity的menu事件等。

　　使用AlertDialog可以创建普通对话框、带列表的对话框以及带单选按钮和多选按钮的对话框。

　　普通对话框

　　效果如下：

　　

　　代码：

　　　　 // 创建builder
                AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(DialogSampleActivity.this);
                builder.setTitle( " 普通对话框 " )     // 标题
                    .setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher)     // icon
                    .setCancelable( false )     // 不响应back按钮
                    .setMessage( " 这是一个普通对话框 " )     // 对话框显示内容
                   // 设置按钮
                    .setPositiveButton( " 确定 " , new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                         public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this, " 点击了确定按钮 " , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        }
                    })
                    .setNeutralButton( " 中立 " , new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {                        
                        @Override
                         public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this, " 点击了中立按钮 " , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        }
                    })
                    .setNegativeButton( " 取消 " , new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {                    
                        @Override
                         public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this, " 点击了取消按钮 " , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
                        }
                    });
                 // 创建Dialog对象
                AlertDialog dlg = builder.create();
                return dlg;

　　带列表的对话框

　　效果图：

　　代码：

　final CharSequence[] items = { " Item1 " , " Item2 " , " Item3 " };
             // 创建builder
            AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(
                    DialogSampleActivity.this);
            builder.setTitle( " 列表对话框 " ) // 标题
                    .setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher) // icon
                    .setCancelable( false ) // 不响应back按钮
                    .setItems(items, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                         public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,
                                     " 选择了 " + items[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                                    .show();
                        }
                    });
             // 创建Dialog对象
            AlertDialog dlg = builder.create();
            return dlg;

　　带单选按钮的列表对话框

　　只需将setItems替换为：

.setSingleChoiceItems(items, - 1 , new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {
                        @Override
                         public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
                            Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,
                                     " 选择了 " + items[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                                    .show();
                        }
                    });

　　这里多了一个参数-1，代表默认选中第几项，-1表示默认不选中

　　带复选框的列表对话框

　　只需将setItems替换为：

.setMultiChoiceItems(items, checked, new DialogInterface.OnMultiChoiceClickListener() {        
                        @Override
                         public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which, boolean isChecked) {
                            Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,
                                     " 选择了 " + items[which], Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                                    .show();
                        }
                    });

　　参数checked伟boolean数组，表示默认哪些复选框是被选中的。

　　另外，如果你想要获取list中哪些项是被选中的，你需要：

// 获得ListView
ListView list = dlg.getListView();
// 判断第i项是否被选中，为真表示被选中，为假表示没有选中
list.getCheckedItemPositions().get(i)

　　日期选择对话框

　　效果图：

　　代码：

Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
            DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener dateListener =   
                 new DatePickerDialog.OnDateSetListener() {  
                    @Override  
                     public void onDateSet(DatePicker datePicker,  
                             int year , int month , int dayOfMonth) {  
                        Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,
                                 year + " 年 " + ( month + 1 ) + " 月 " + dayOfMonth + " 日 " , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT)
                                .show();  
                    }
                };  
            DatePickerDialog dlg = new DatePickerDialog(
                    DialogSampleActivity.this,
                    dateListener,
                    calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR),
                    calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH),
                    calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH));
            return dlg;

 

　　时间选择对话框

　　效果图：

　　代码：

　Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance();
            TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener timeListener =   
                 new TimePickerDialog.OnTimeSetListener() {

                    @Override
                     public void onTimeSet(TimePicker timePicker, int hourOfDay, int minute ) {
                        Toast.makeText(DialogSampleActivity.this,
                                hourOfDay + " : " + minute , Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();  
                    }  
                  
                };  
            TimePickerDialog dlg = new TimePickerDialog(
                    DialogSampleActivity.this,
                    timeListener,
                    calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY),
                    calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE),
                     true );
            return dlg;

 

　　自定义对话框

　　效果图：

　　步骤：

　　1、创建对话框的布局文件

< ?xml version = " 1.0 " encoding = " utf-8 " ? >
< RelativeLayout
    xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android "
      android:layout_width = " wrap_content "
      android:layout_height = " wrap_content " >
       < ! -- 标题栏 -->
       < LinearLayout
          android:id = " @+id/dlg_priority_titlebar "
          android:orientation = " horizontal "
          android:layout_width = " fill_parent "
          android:layout_height = " wrap_content "
          android:layout_alignParentTop = " true " >
           < ImageView
            android:src = " @drawable/star_gray "
            android:layout_width = " wrap_content "
            android:layout_height = " wrap_content "
            android:layout_margin = " 5dip " />
         < TextView
            android:layout_width = " wrap_content "
            android:layout_height = " wrap_content "
            android:text = " 选择任务优先级 "
            android:layout_gravity = " center_vertical " />
       </ LinearLayout >
       < ! -- 任务优先级 -->
       < ListView
          android:id = " @+id/dlg_priority_lvw "
          android:layout_width = " wrap_content "
          android:layout_height = " wrap_content "
          android:layout_below = " @id/dlg_priority_titlebar "
          android:background = " @drawable/layout_home_bg " >
       </ ListView >     
</ RelativeLayout >

　　2、因为该布局中使用了自定义的ListView，所以再为ListView创建布局文件

< ?xml version = " 1.0 " encoding = " utf-8 " ? >< LinearLayout    xmlns:android = " http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android "     android:orientation = " horizontal "     android:layout_width = " fill_parent "     android:layout_height = " fill_parent "      >      < ImageView          android:id = " @+id/list_priority_img "           android:layout_width = " wrap_content "           android:layout_height = " wrap_content "           android:layout_gravity = " center_vertical "           android:layout_margin = " 5dip "                    />      < TextView         android:id = " @+id/list_priority_value "          android:layout_width = " wrap_content "          android:layout_height = " wrap_content "         android:layout_gravity = " center_vertical "          android:textSize = " 28dip "          android:textColor = " @drawable/black " /></ LinearLayout >

　

　　3、创建自定义Dialog类PriorityDlg继承自Dialog

public class PriorityDlg extends Dialog {
    
     private Context context;
     private ListView dlg_priority_lvw = null ;

     public PriorityDlg(Context context) {
        super(context);
        this.context = context;
         // TODO Auto - generated constructor stub
    }
    
     public PriorityDlg(Context context, int theme) {
        super(context, theme);
        this.context = context;
    }
    
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         // TODO Auto - generated method stub
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
   　　　 // 设置对话框使用的布局文件
        this.setContentView(R.layout.dlg_priority);

        dlg_priority_lvw = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.dlg_priority_lvw);

         // 设置ListView的数据源
        SimpleAdapter adapter = new SimpleAdapter(context, getPriorityList(),
                R.layout.lvw_priority, new String [] { " list_priority_img " ,
                         " list_priority_value " }, new int [] {
                        R.id.list_priority_img, R.id.list_priority_value });
        dlg_priority_lvw.setAdapter(adapter);

         // 为ListView设置监听器
        dlg_priority_lvw
                .setOnItemClickListener( new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {

                    @Override
                     public void onItemClick(AdapterView < ? > arg0, View arg1,
                             int arg2, long arg3) {

                    }
                });
    }

     /**
     * 得到ListView数据源
     *
     * @return
     */
     private List < HashMap < String , Object >> getPriorityList() {
        List < HashMap < String , Object >> priorityList = new ArrayList < HashMap < String , Object >> ();
        HashMap < String , Object > map1 = new HashMap < String , Object > ();
        map1.put( " list_priority_img " , R.drawable.priority_not_important);
        map1.put( " list_priority_value " , context.getResources().getString(
                R.string.dlg_priority_not_important));
        priorityList.add(map1);
        HashMap < String , Object > map2 = new HashMap < String , Object > ();
        map2.put( " list_priority_img " , R.drawable.priority_general);
        map2.put( " list_priority_value " , context.getResources().getString(
                R.string.dlg_priority_general));
        priorityList.add(map2);
        HashMap < String , Object > map3 = new HashMap < String , Object > ();
        map3.put( " list_priority_img " , R.drawable.priority_important);
        map3.put( " list_priority_value " , context.getResources().getString(
                R.string.dlg_priority_important));
        priorityList.add(map3);
        HashMap < String , Object > map4 = new HashMap < String , Object > ();
        map4.put( " list_priority_img " , R.drawable.priority_very_important);
        map4.put( " list_priority_value " , context.getResources().getString(
                R.string.dlg_priority_very_important));
        priorityList.add(map4);

        return priorityList;
    }

}

　　4、创建自定义对话框

PriorityDlg dlg = new PriorityDlg(SimpleTaskActivity.this, R.style.dlg_priority);
return dlg;

　　这里的R.style.dlg_priority设置了对话框使用的样式文件，只是让对话框去掉标题栏，当然你也可以通过代码来完成这种效果：

< ?xml version = " 1.0 " encoding = " utf-8 " ? >< resources >      < ! -- 对话框样式 -->      < style name = " dlg_priority " parent = " @android:Theme.Dialog " >          < item name = " android:windowNoTitle " > true </ item >      </ style ></ resources >

　　

　　到这里自定义对话框的创建就结束了，想要什么样子的对话框完全凭你自己的想像。