nosql数据库STSDB的一般性使用
update 2015-8-7
介绍另一个vk持久化数据库：
RaptorDB - the Document Store
http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/375413/RaptorDB-the-Document-Store
接着上一篇这里罗列下STSDB的一般性使用
以下内容基于stsdb4.dll（4.0.3.0版本）库（百度分享资源：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1jGxHE3k），截止本文发布，官方最新版本是4.0.5.0，官方地址：http://stsdb.com/
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace STSDB
{
[Serializable]
public class TStudent
{
public TStudent()
{
}
public string Name { get; set; }
public int Age { get; set; }
public int GroupNumber { get; set; }
public List<TCourse> CourseList { get; set; }
}
}
using System;
namespace STSDB
{
[Serializable]
public class TCourse
{
public string CourseName { get; set; }
public string Teacher { get; set; }
public int Score { get; set; }
}
}
演示代码：
/*
* 1. STSdb 4.0 是一个开源的NoSQL 数据库和虚拟文件系统，支持实时索引，完全用c#开发的。
* 引擎原理基于WaterfallTree（瀑布树）数据结构搭建
*
*
* 2.特性
* 支持几十亿级别的数据存取
* 支持TB级别文件大小
* 实时索引
* 内置压缩
* 内置序列化
* 支持稀疏分散的文件（byte[]）
* 存储内存可控
* 支持多线程，且线程安全
* Storage engine instance is thread-safe. Creating (opening) XTable and XFile instances in one storage engine from
different threads is thread-safe.
XTable and XFile instances are also thread-safe. Manipulating different XTable/XFile instances from different threads
is thread-safe.
*
* 3.缺点
* 不支持事务
* 同时处理所有打开的表
*
* 支持多种情况下的数据引擎连接
IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromMemory(); //从内存中读取
IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromStream(stream); //从数据流中读取
IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromHeap(heap); //从堆栈中读取
IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromNetwork(host, port); //从远程地址读取
*
*
*/
using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Collections.Generic;
namespace STSDB
{
using Newtonsoft.Json;
using STSdb4.Data;
using STSdb4.Database;
using STSdb4.Storage;
using STSdb4.WaterfallTree;
using STSdb4.Remote.Heap;
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
ExecuteCode(WriteData);
ExecuteCode(ReadData);
//ExecuteCode(DatabaseSchemeInfo);
//ExecuteCode(ReadItem);
//ExecuteCode(DeleteItems);
//ExecuteCode(ReadItem);
//ExecuteCode(GetRecord);
//ExecuteCode(PageRecord);
//ExecuteCode(Others);
//ExecuteCode(ReNameTable);
//ExecuteCode(ExistsTable);
//ExecuteCode(DeleteTable);
//ExecuteCode(ExistsTable);
#region test
//bool quit = false;
//while (!quit)
//{
// Console.Write("get item data: ");
// string demo = Console.ReadLine();
// switch (demo)
// {
// case "Y":
// break;
// case "Q":
// quit = true;
// break;
// default:
// Console.WriteLine("Choose a Word between Y and Q(to quit)");
// break;
// }
//}
#endregion
Console.ReadKey();
}
/// <summary>执行方法</summary>
static void ExecuteCode(Action act)
{
System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch stopwatch = new System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch();
stopwatch.Start();
act();
stopwatch.Stop();
TimeSpan timespan = stopwatch.Elapsed;
Console.WriteLine("运行{0}秒", timespan.TotalSeconds);
}
/// <summary>
/// 数据库名
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>文件名和扩展名不限制</remarks>
protected static string DataBase = "ClassDB.db";
/// <summary>
/// 学生表名
/// </summary>
protected static string TableName = "tb_student";
/// <summary>
/// 【新】学生表名
/// </summary>
protected static string NewTableName = "new_tb_student";
/// <summary>
/// XFile
/// </summary>
protected static string XFileName = "tb_file";
#region 基本操作
/// <summary>
/// 创建库，写入数据
/// </summary>
static void WriteData()
{
/*
* ①：没有数据库会自动创建的，默认目录和应用程序目录一致；
* ②：打开表，Key支持组合结构 => OpenXTable<TKey, TRecord>
*/
using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase)) //①
{
var table = engine.OpenXTable<int, TStudent>(TableName); //②
//var table2 = engine.OpenXTable<TKey, TTick>("table2"); //支持key嵌套
for (int i = 0; i < 1000; i++)
{
table[i] = new TStudent
{
Name = "Jon_" + i.ToString(),
Age = new Random().Next(25, 30),
GroupNumber = i + (new Random().Next(310, 399)),
CourseList = new List<TCourse>()
{
new TCourse{
CourseName="C#高级编程"+i.ToString(),
Teacher="老陈"+i.ToString(),
Score=80
},
new TCourse{
CourseName="C#函数式程序设计"+i.ToString(),
Teacher="老李"+i.ToString(),
Score=90
},
new TCourse{
CourseName="多线程实战应用"+i.ToString(),
Teacher="老张"+i.ToString(),
Score=95
},
}
};
}
engine.Commit();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取数据
/// </summary>
static void ReadData()
{
using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase))
{
var table = engine.OpenXTable<int, TStudent>(TableName); //ITable:IEnumerable对象
foreach (var item in table)
Console.WriteLine(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(item, Newtonsoft.Json.Formatting.Indented));
Console.WriteLine(table.Count()); //TableName表中有100行数据
}
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
static void DatabaseSchemeInfo()
{
using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase)) //①
{
IDescriptor descriptor = engine[TableName];
Console.WriteLine(descriptor.CreateTime.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
Console.WriteLine(descriptor.ModifiedTime.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"));
Console.WriteLine(descriptor.Name);
//ID是表的唯一标识id，表一旦创建，它就创建了，后面只要表在就不会修改
//重建表它会从新分配
Console.WriteLine(descriptor.ID);
//...
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 读取单条数据
/// </summary>
static void ReadItem()
{
using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase))
{
var table = engine.OpenXTable<int, TStudent>(TableName); //ITable: IEnumerable对象
//var item = table.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Key <= 15 && x.Key >= 10); //key是5的记录
//table[10];
var item = table.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Key == 5); //key是5的记录
if (item.Value != null)
Console.WriteLine(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(item, Newtonsoft.Json.Formatting.Indented));
else
Console.WriteLine("key = 5 的记录不存在！");
//Console.WriteLine("10<= key <= 15 的记录不存在！");
}
}
static void AddItems()
{
using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase))
{
var table = engine.OpenXTable<int, TStudent>(TableName);
//table[100] = new TStudent(){....};
table.InsertOrIgnore(2, new TStudent());
engine.Commit();
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 删除表数据
/// </summary>
static void DeleteItems()
{
using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase))
{
var table = engine.OpenXTable<int, TStudent>(TableName); //ITable:IEnumerable对象
if (table != null)
{
//table.Clear(); //清空表数据
table.Delete(5); //删掉key是5的记录
//table.Delete(10, 15); //删掉key从10到15的记录
engine.Commit(); //提交操作，不能少
}
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 按需获取数据
/// </summary>
static void GetRecord()
{
using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase))
{
/*
Forward向前读取, Backward向后读取, 它们都有2个重载，下面重点说明第二个重载
* Forward(TKey from, bool hasFrom, TKey to, bool hasTo);
* Backward(TKey to, bool hasTo, TKey from, bool hasFrom);
* 超出范围的都不会排除，另外，查询范围超出也不会有影响,但是要注意一点，formkey和endkey的大小关系
*
* 0<----------[(S)]----------------[(E)]------------->N
*
*/
var table = engine.OpenXTable<int, TStudent>(TableName);
var fiterTB = table.Forward(2, true, 9, true); //索引从2到9
//var fiterTB = table.Forward(2, false, 9, true); //索引从0到9
//var fiterTB = table.Forward(2, false, 9, false); //索引从0到表结尾
//var fiterTB = table.Forward(2, true, 9, false); //索引从2到表结尾
//Backward刚好相反
foreach (var item in fiterTB)
Console.WriteLine(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(item, Newtonsoft.Json.Formatting.Indented));
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 数据分页
/// </summary>
static void PageRecord()
{
using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase))
{
int pageIndex = 2;
int pageSize = 10;
var table = engine.OpenXTable<int, TStudent>(TableName);
var fiterTB = table.Skip(pageSize * (pageIndex - 1)).Take(pageSize);
foreach (var item in fiterTB)
Console.WriteLine(JsonConvert.SerializeObject(item, Newtonsoft.Json.Formatting.Indented));
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 文件数和记录数
/// </summary>
static void Others()
{
using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase))
{
//表和虚拟文件的数量
Console.WriteLine("数据库 " + DataBase + " 中有 {0} 张表：{1}", engine.Count, TableName);
//表记录数
var table = engine.OpenXTable<int, TStudent>(TableName);
Console.WriteLine("表" + TableName + "中有" + table.Count() + "条记录");
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 表是否存在
/// </summary>
static void ExistsTable()
{
using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase))
{
//判断表存在与否
//bool exists = engine.Exists(NewTableName);
//Console.WriteLine(NewTableName + " exist?=>{0}", exists.ToString());
bool exists = engine.Exists(TableName);
Console.WriteLine(TableName + " exist?=>{0}", exists.ToString());
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 重命名表名
/// </summary>
static void ReNameTable()
{
using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase))
{
//判断表存在与否
bool exists = engine.Exists(TableName);
Console.WriteLine(TableName + " exist? =>{0}", exists.ToString());
//表重命名
engine.Rename(TableName, NewTableName);
Console.WriteLine("表" + TableName + "被重命名为：" + NewTableName);
if (engine.Exists(TableName))
Console.WriteLine("old table name \"" + TableName + "\" exist");
if (engine.Exists(NewTableName))
Console.WriteLine("new table name \"" + NewTableName + "\" exist");
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 删除表
/// </summary>
static void DeleteTable()
{
using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase))
{
//删除表
engine.Delete(TableName);
//engine.Delete(NewTableName);
engine.Commit();
}
}
#endregion
#region XFile
static void TestXFile()
{
using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(DataBase))
{
XFile file = engine.OpenXFile(XFileName);
Random random = new Random();
byte[] buffer = new byte[] { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 };
for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
{
long position = random.Next();
file.Seek(position, SeekOrigin.Begin);
file.Write(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
}
engine.Commit();
}
}
//XFile uses special XTable<long, byte[]> implementation to provide effective sparse file functionality.
//One storage engine can have many files
#endregion
#region Client/Server
static void ClientUpdateData()
{
using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromNetwork("localhost", 7182))
{
ITable<int, string> table = engine.OpenXTable<int, string>("table");
for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
{
table[i] = i.ToString();
}
engine.Commit();
}
}
static void ServerHandleData()
{
string _dbname = "test.stsdb4";
using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromFile(_dbname))
{
var server = STSdb.CreateServer(engine, 7182);
server.Start();
//server is ready for connections
//server.Stop();
}
}
//The created server instance will listen on the specified port
//and receive/send data from/to the clients
#endregion
#region Memory Usage
/*
min/max children (branches) in each internal (non-leaf) node
max operations in the root node
min/max operations in each internal node
min/max records in each leaf node
number of cached nodes in the memory
*/
static void MemoryUsageHandle()
{
using (StorageEngine engine = (StorageEngine)STSdb.FromFile(DataBase))
{
//下面的demo都是STS.DB的默认值设置
//min/max children (branches) in each internal node
engine.INTERNAL_NODE_MIN_BRANCHES = 2;
engine.INTERNAL_NODE_MAX_BRANCHES = 4;
//max operations in the root node
engine.INTERNAL_NODE_MAX_OPERATIONS_IN_ROOT = 8 * 1024;
//min/max operations in each internal node
engine.INTERNAL_NODE_MIN_OPERATIONS = 64 * 1024;
engine.INTERNAL_NODE_MAX_OPERATIONS = 128 * 1024;
//min/max records in each leaf node
engine.LEAF_NODE_MIN_RECORDS = 16 * 1024;
engine.LEAF_NODE_MAX_RECORDS = 128 * 1024; //at least 2 x MIN_RECORDS
//number of cached nodes in memory
engine.CacheSize = 32;
}
}
#endregion
#region Heap
/*using =>
STSdb4.WaterfallTree;
STSdb4.Storage;
STSdb4.Remote.Heap;
*/
static void HeaperEngine()
{
//Server端
IHeap heap = new Heap(new FileStream("Heap.db", FileMode.OpenOrCreate));
HeapServer server = new HeapServer(heap, 7183); //监听堆服务器
server.Start(); //开始监听
//从远程堆中创建 IStorageEngine 引擎，并处理数据
//using (IStorageEngine engine = STSdb.FromHeap(new RemoteHeap("host", 7183)))
//{
// ITable<int, string> table = engine.OpenXTable<int, string>("table");
// for (int i = 0; i < 100000; i++)
// {
// table[i] = i.ToString();
// }
// engine.Commit();
//}
}
#endregion
//...
}
}