物化视图权限总结

纪念2013年展望2014年新的突破，新的进步！

建立物化视图的选项很多，如果在建立物化视图的时候由于缺少权限而报错，ORACLE给出的错误信息仅仅是ORA-01031: 权限不足，而没有清楚的给出是由于缺少哪种权限造成的。
SQL> create user test identified by test;

User created.

SQL>  GRANT CREATE SESSION TO TEST;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> SQL> GRANT UNLIMITED TABLESPACE TO TEST;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant create table to test;

Grant succeeded.

第一种权限不足，在自己的属主下创建普通物化视图
SQL> conn test/test
Connected.
SQL> CREATE TABLE T (ID NUMBER PRIMARY KEY, NAME VARCHAR2(30));

Table created.

SQL> CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW MV_T AS SELECT * FROM T;
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW MV_T AS SELECT * FROM T
                                               *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01031: insufficient privileges

SQL> show user   
USER is "SYS"
SQL> grant CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW to test;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> show user
USER is "TEST"
SQL> CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW MV_T AS SELECT * FROM T;

Materialized view created.

第二种权限不足，
（1）在自己的属主下创建快速刷新的物化视图
SQL> show user;
USER is "TEST"
SQL> CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG ON T;

Materialized view log created.

SQL> CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW MV_T REFRESH FAST AS SELECT * FROM T;

Materialized view created.
（2）创建其他的属主下创建快速刷新的物化视图
SQL> conn xionglang/xionglang
Connected.
SQL> create table xl (ID NUMBER PRIMARY KEY, NAME VARCHAR2(30));

Table created.

SQL> CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW LOG ON xl;

Materialized view log created.

SQL> grant select on xl to test;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> conn test;
Enter password:
Connected.
SQL> CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW xionglang_xl REFRESH FAST AS SELECT * FROM xionglang.xl;
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW xionglang_xl REFRESH FAST AS SELECT * FROM xionglang.xl
                                                                              *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-12018: following error encountered during code generation for
"TEST"."XIONGLANG_XL"
ORA-00942: table or view does not exist

SQL> CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW xionglang_xl AS SELECT * FROM xionglang.xl;

Materialized view created.
有些奇怪吧！为啥不能创建快速刷新的视图呢？
快速刷新的物化视图和完全刷新的物化视图的主要差别在于，是否需要访问物化视图日志，将用户基表的物化视图日志的查询权限授予用户。

所以这个还需要物化视图日志的权限，才能创建！
SQL> conn xionglang/xionglang
Connected.

SQL> grant select on mlog$_xl to test;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> conn test/test
Connected.
SQL>  CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW xionglang_xl_fast REFRESH FAST AS SELECT * FROM xionglang.xl;

Materialized view created.

第三种权限不足，
创建其他属主下快速刷新，on commit的物化视图
在自己属主下创建没有任何问题。
SQL> CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW test_t REFRESH FAST on commit as  SELECT * FROM t;

Materialized view created.

SQL> CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW xionglang_xl_fast_commit REFRESH FAST on commit as  SELECT * FROM xionglang.xl;
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW xionglang_xl_fast_commit REFRESH FAST on commit as  SELECT * FROM xionglang.xl
                                                                                                     *
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01031: insufficient privileges
解决办法有两种：
1，授予该表的查询ON COMMIT REFRESH权限
SQL> conn xionglang/xionglang
Connected.
SQL> grant ON COMMIT REFRESH on xl to test;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> conn test/test;
Connected.
SQL> CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW xionglang_xl_fast_commit REFRESH FAST on commit as  SELECT * FROM xionglang.xl;

Materialized view created.

2，授予系统的ON COMMIT REFRESH权限

SQL> conn xionglang/xionglang
Connected.
SQL> revoke ON COMMIT REFRESH on xl  from test;

Revoke succeeded.

SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> grant ON COMMIT REFRESH to test;

Grant succeeded.

SQL> conn test
Enter password:
Connected.
SQL> drop MATERIALIZED VIEW xionglang_xl_fast_commit;

Materialized view dropped.

SQL> CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW xionglang_xl_fast_commit REFRESH FAST on commit as  SELECT * FROM xionglang.xl;

Materialized view created.

同理其他属主下创建query rewrite的物化视图
1，授予该表的查询QUERY REWRITE权限
2，授予系统的GLOBAL QUERY REWRITE权限