第六周 【项目6-复数模板类】（1）（2）

问题描述：

 阅读教材例10.1。该例实现了一个复数类，但是美中不足的是，复数类的实部和虚部都固定只能是double型的。可以通过模板类的技术手段，设计Complex，使实部和虚部的类型为定义对象时指定的实际类型。
    （1）要求类成员函数在类外定义。
    （2）在此基础上，再实现减法、乘法和除法
    你可以使用的main()函数如下。

 int main( )
 {
     Complex<int> c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;   //实部和虚部是int型
     c3=c1.complex_add(c2);
     cout<<"c1+c2=";
     c3.display( );
     Complex<double> c4(3.1,4.4),c5(5.34,-10.21),c6; //实部和虚部是double型
     c6=c4.complex_add(c5);
     cout<<"c4+c5=";
     c6.display( );
     //下面测试减法、乘法和除法
     ……
     return 0;
 }

   代码：

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
template <class temp>
class Complex{
public:
    Complex(){real=0;imaginary=0;}
    Complex(temp a,temp b){real=a,imaginary=b;}
    Complex complex_add(Complex &c);
    Complex complex_minus(Complex &c);
    Complex complex_multiply(Complex &c);
    Complex complex_divide(Complex &c);
    void display( );
private:
    temp real;
    temp imaginary;
};
template<class temp>
void Complex<temp>::display(){
    cout<<real<<"+"<<imaginary<<"i"<<'\12';
}
template<class temp>
Complex<temp>Complex<temp>::complex_add(Complex<temp> & c){
    Complex<temp> c1;
    c1.real=c.real+real;
    c1.imaginary=c.imaginary+imaginary;
    return c1;
}
template<class temp>
Complex<temp>Complex<temp>::complex_minus(Complex<temp> & c){
    Complex<temp> c1;
    c1.real=real-c.real;
    c1.imaginary=imaginary-c.imaginary;
    return c1;
}
template<class temp>
Complex<temp>Complex<temp>::complex_multiply(Complex<temp> & c){
    Complex<temp> c1;
    c1.real=real*c.real-imaginary*c.imaginary;
    c1.imaginary=imaginary*c.real+real*c.imaginary;
    return c1;
}
template<class temp>
Complex<temp>Complex<temp>::complex_divide(Complex    c3.display( );
    c3=c1.complex_minus(c2);
    cout<<"c1-c2=";
    c3.display( );
    c3=c1.complex_multiply(c2);
    cout<<"c1*c2=";
    c3.display( );
    c3=c1.complex_divide(c2);
    cout<<"c1/c2=";
    c3.display( );<temp> & c){
    Complex<temp> c1;
    temp d=c.real*c.real+c.imaginary*c.imaginary;
    c1.real=(real*c.real+imaginary*c.imaginary)/d;
    c1.imaginary=(imaginary*c.real-real*c.imaginary)/d;
    return c1;
}
int main( )
{
    Complex<int> c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;   //实部和虚部是int型
    c3=c1.complex_add(c2);
    cout<<"c1+c2=";
    c3.display( );
    c3=c1.complex_minus(c2);
    cout<<"c1-c2=";
    c3.display( );
    c3=c1.complex_multiply(c2);
    cout<<"c1*c2=";
    c3.display( );
    c3=c1.complex_divide(c2);
    cout<<"c1/c2=";
    c3.display( );
    Complex<double> c4(3.1,4.4),c5(5.34,-10.21),c6; //实部和虚部是double型
    c6=c4.complex_add(c5);
    cout<<"c4+c5=";
    c6.display( );
    c6=c4.complex_minus(c5);
    cout<<"c4-c5=";
    c6.display( );
    c6=c4.complex_multiply(c5);
    cout<<"c4*c5=";
    c6.display( );
    c6=c4.complex_divide(c5);
    cout<<"c4/c5=";
    c6.display( );
    return 0;
}

运行结果：