NoSQL之Redis---PUB/SUB(订阅与发布)---JAVA实现
[不忘初心]
前文我们介绍了使用Redis基本命令的方式来实现发布与订阅的功能，但是在实际开发中，我们更多会使用高级语言使用Redis。本文我们就来演示如何使用java语言来实现订阅与发布功能。先特别声明：本文所示代码参考自其他博文，详情见篇尾。
准备工作：
a.操作系统：windows 7
b.其他软件：redis 3.2 ， jdk 1.7，eclipse mars
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一。非持久化的订阅与发布
1.新建Maven工程，工程类型为quickstart。并修改buildpath中的jre版本为1.7.
2.修改pom文件内容，具体如下：
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.csdn.ingo</groupId> <artifactId>redis-pub-sub</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>redis-pub-sub</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>redis.clients</groupId> <artifactId>jedis</artifactId> <version>2.8.0</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>log4j</groupId> <artifactId>log4j</artifactId> <version>1.2.17</version> </dependency> </dependencies> </project>3.读者按需增加日志配置文件，下文我们使用系统输出代替日志。
log4j.rootLogger=info,stdout log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%5p [%t] - %m%n4.创建Publisher.java文件，作为消息的发布者，具体内容如下：
package com.csdn.ingo.redis_pub_sub;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
/**
*@author 作者 E-mail：ingo
*@version 创建时间：2016年6月14日上午9:49:41
*类说明
*/
public class Publisher {
private Jedis publisherJedis;
private String channel;
public Publisher(Jedis publishJedis,String channel){
this.publisherJedis=publishJedis;
this.channel=channel;
}
public void startPublish(){
try{
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
while(true){
System.out.println("请输入message:");
String line = reader.readLine();
if(!"quit".equals(line)){
publisherJedis.publish(channel, line);
}else{
break;
}
}
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
5.创建Subscriber.java文件，作为消息的接收者，具体内容如下：
package com.csdn.ingo.redis_pub_sub;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPubSub;
public class Subscriber extends JedisPubSub {
@Override
public void onMessage(String channel, String message) {
System.out.println("Channel:" + channel + ",Message:" + message);
}
@Override
public void onPMessage(String pattern, String channel, String message) {
System.out.println("Pattern:" + pattern + ",Channel:" + channel + ",Message:" + message);
}
@Override
public void onSubscribe(String channel, int subscribedChannels) {
System.out.println("onSubscribe---channel:"+channel+",subscribedChannels:"+subscribedChannels);
}
@Override
public void onPUnsubscribe(String pattern, int subscribedChannels) {
System.out.println("onPUnsubscribe---pattern:"+pattern+",subscribedChannels:"+subscribedChannels);
}
@Override
public void onPSubscribe(String pattern, int subscribedChannels) {
System.out.println("onPSubscribe---pattern:"+pattern+",subscribedChannels:"+subscribedChannels);
}
}
6.创建测试Main.java，具体内容如下：
package com.csdn.ingo.redis_pub_sub;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;
/**
* @author 作者 E-mail：ingo
* @version 创建时间：2016年6月14日上午9:55:01 类说明
*/
public class TestMain {
public static final String CHANNEL = "mychannel";
public static final String HOST = "127.0.0.1";
public static final int PORT = 6379;
private final static JedisPoolConfig POOL_CONFIG = new JedisPoolConfig();
private final static JedisPool JEDIS_POOL = new JedisPool(POOL_CONFIG, HOST, PORT, 0);
public static void main(String[] args) {
final Jedis subscriberJedis = JEDIS_POOL.getResource();
final Jedis publisherJedis = JEDIS_POOL.getResource();
final Subscriber subscriber = new Subscriber();
new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
try {
System.out.println("Subscribing to mychannel,this thread will be block");
subscriberJedis.subscribe(subscriber, CHANNEL);
System.out.println("subscription ended");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}).start();
new Publisher(publisherJedis, CHANNEL).startPublish();
publisherJedis.close();
subscriber.unsubscribe();
subscriberJedis.close();
}
}
7.测试方法：首先，启动main方法中所示地址的Redis服务器；然后，运行main方法，观察控制台输出。并且我们是以控制台输入内容作为消息发布的内容，各位看官可以在控制台输入任意内容，点击回车键，观察控制台输出。示例如下：
注意：此方法实现的发布与订阅功能，消息不会在Redis客户端进行缓存。
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二。持久化的订阅与发布。【其本质就是在发布消息之前，将消息先存入到Redis中，在调用发布命令】
1.在上文使用的工程中新建持久化方式的package，或者新建与上文同样的工程。
2.新建PPubClient.java，作为持久化的发布者，具体内容如下：
package com.csdn.ingo.redis.persistence;
import java.util.Set;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
/**
*@author 作者 E-mail：ingo
*@version 创建时间：2016年6月16日上午8:55:21
*类说明
*/
public class PPubClient {
private Jedis jedis;
private String CONSTANT_CLIENTSET = "clientSet";
public PPubClient(String host,int port){
jedis = new Jedis(host,port);
}
private void put(String message){
Set<String> subClients = jedis.smembers(CONSTANT);
for(String clientKey:subClients){
jedis.rpush(clientKey, message);
}
}
public void pub(String channel,String message){
Long txid = jedis.incr("MAXID");
String content = txid+"/"+message;
this.put(content);
jedis.publish(channel, message);
}
public void close(String channel){
jedis.publish(channel, "quit");
jedis.del(channel);
}
}
2.新建PPSubClient.java，作为持久化的接收者，具体内容如下：
package com.csdn.ingo.redis.persistence;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPubSub;
/**
*@author 作者 E-mail：ingo
*@version 创建时间：2016年6月16日上午9:01:45
*类说明
*/
public class PPSubClient {
private Jedis jedis;
private JedisPubSub listener;
private String CONSTANT_CLIENTSET="clientSet";
public PPSubClient(String host,int port,String clientId){
jedis = new Jedis(host,port);
listener = new PPrintListener(clientId,new Jedis(host,port));
jedis.sadd(<span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei';">CONSTANT_CLIENTSET</span><span style="font-family: 'Microsoft YaHei';">, clientId);</span>
}
public void sub(String channel){
jedis.subscribe(listener, channel);
}
public void unsubscribe(String channel){
listener.unsubscribe(channel);
}
}
3.新建PPrintListener.java，作为持久化消息接收者的输出。具体内容如下：
package com.csdn.ingo.redis.persistence;
import java.util.Date;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPubSub;
/**
* @author 作者 E-mail：ingo
* @version 创建时间：2016年6月16日上午8:30:00 类说明
*/
public class PPrintListener extends JedisPubSub {
private String clientId;
private PSubHandler handler;
private String CONSTANT = "clientSet";
public PPrintListener(String clientId, Jedis jedis) {
this.clientId = clientId;
handler = new PSubHandler(jedis);
}
@Override
public void onMessage(String channel, String message) {
if (message.equalsIgnoreCase("quit")) {
this.unsubscribe(channel);
}
handler.handle(channel, message);
System.out.println("message receive:" + message + ",channel:" + channel);
}
private void message(String channel, String message) {
Date time = new Date();
System.out.println("message receive:" + message + ",channel:" + channel + time.toString());
}
@Override
public void onPMessage(String pattern, String channel, String message) {
System.out.println("message receive:" + message + ",pattern channel:" + channel);
}
@Override
public void onSubscribe(String channel, int subscribedChannels) {
handler.subscribe(channel);
System.out.println("subscribe:" + channel + ",total channels:" + subscribedChannels);
}
@Override
public void onUnsubscribe(String channel, int subscribedChannels) {
handler.unsubscribe(channel);
System.out.println("unsubscribe:" + channel + ",total channels:" + subscribedChannels);
}
@Override
public void onPSubscribe(String pattern, int subscribedChannels) {
System.out.println("subscribe pattern:" + pattern + ",total channels:" + subscribedChannels);
}
@Override
public void unsubscribe(String... channels) {
super.unsubscribe(channels);
for (String channel : channels) {
handler.unsubscribe(channel);
}
}
class PSubHandler {
private Jedis jedis;
PSubHandler(Jedis jedis) {
this.jedis = jedis;
}
public void handle(String channel, String message) {
int index = message.indexOf("/");
if (index < 0) {
return;
}
Long txid = Long.valueOf(message.substring(0, index));
String key = clientId + "/" + channel;
while (true) {
String lm = jedis.lindex(key, 0);
if (lm == null) {
break;
}
int li = lm.indexOf("/");
if(li<0){
String result = jedis.lpop(key);
if(result == null){
break;
}
message(channel, lm);
continue;
}
Long lxid = Long.valueOf(lm.substring(0, li));
if(txid>=lxid){
jedis.lpop(key);
message(channel,lm);
continue;
}else{
break;
}
}
}
public void subscribe(String channel){
String key = clientId+"/"+channel;
boolean exist = jedis.sismember(CONSTANT, key);
if(!exist){
jedis.sadd(CONSTANT, key);
}
}
public void unsubscribe(String channel){
String key = clientId+"/"+channel;
jedis.srem(CONSTANT, key);
jedis.del(key);
}
}
}
4.创建测试Main方法，具体内容如下：
package com.csdn.ingo.redis.persistence;
/**
* @author 作者 E-mail：ingo
* @version 创建时间：2016年6月16日上午9:07:00 类说明
*/
public class PPubSubTestMain {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
String host = "127.0.0.1";
int port = 6379;
String clientId = "myclient";
PPubClient pubClient = new PPubClient(host, port);
final String channel = "mychannel";
final PPSubClient subClient = new PPSubClient(host, port, clientId);
Thread subThread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
System.out.println("------------sub----start------------");
subClient.sub(channel);
System.out.println("------------sub----end------------");
}
});
subThread.setDaemon(true);
subThread.start();
int i = 0;
while (i < 20) {
String message = "message--" + i;
pubClient.pub(channel, message);
i++;
Thread.sleep(100);
}
subClient.unsubscribe(channel);
}
}
5.测试方法：首先，启动main方法中所示地址的Redis服务器；然后，运行main方法，观察控制台输出。这次我们是以循环调用作为输入内容作为消息发布的内容，各位看官观察控制台输出。示例如下：
然后，打开Redis客户端，观察当前Redis中保留的所有数据：
题外的话：
Redis目前提供的发布与订阅功能，将会完全阻塞订阅者的客户端，在java实现时，即需要保留一个线程来专门处理发布者与订阅者的连接。因此，在实际应用时，更加推荐的做法是使用MQ组件来实现该功能。
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至此，NoSQL之Redis---PUB/SUB(订阅与发布)---JAVA实现 结束
在此，对以下参考资料的作者表示感谢！：
参考资料：
redis官网：
http://redis.io/topics/pubsub
其他博文：
http://my.oschina.net/itblog/blog/601284?fromerr=FiejlElw
http://www.sxrczx.com/pages/shift-alt-ctrl.iteye.com/blog/1867454.html