[algorithm]2月29日

描述
给定两个日期,计算这两个日期之间有多少个2月29日(包括起始日期)。

只有闰年有2月29日,满足以下一个条件的年份为闰年:

  1. 年份能被4整除但不能被100整除

  2. 年份能被400整除

输入
第一行为一个整数T,表示数据组数。

之后每组数据包含两行。每一行格式为”month day, year”,表示一个日期。month为{“January”, “February”, “March”, “April”, “May”, “June”, “July”, “August”, “September”, “October”, “November” , “December”}中的一个字符串。day与year为两个数字。

数据保证给定的日期合法且第一个日期早于或等于第二个日期。

输出
对于每组数据输出一行,形如”Case #X: Y”。X为数据组数,从1开始,Y为答案。

数据范围
1 ≤ T ≤ 550

小数据:

2000 ≤ year ≤ 3000

大数据:

2000 ≤ year ≤ 2×109

样例输入
4
January 12, 2012
March 19, 2012
August 12, 2899
August 12, 2901
August 12, 2000
August 12, 2005
February 29, 2004
February 29, 2012
样例输出
Case #1: 1
Case #2: 0
Case #3: 1
Case #4: 3

1,模拟

这种方法只能过小数据,因为闰年是逐个判断的。

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string.h>

using namespace std;

bool isLeap(int y)
{   
    if(y%4 == 0 && y%100 != 0)
        return true;
    else if (y%400 == 0)
        return true;
    else 
        return false;

}
int monthChange(const char *a)  
{  
    if(strcmp(a,"January") == 0)return 1;  
    else if(strcmp(a,"February") == 0)return 2;  
    else if(strcmp(a,"March") == 0)return 3;  
    else if(strcmp(a,"April") == 0)return 4;  
    else if(strcmp(a,"May") == 0)return 5;  
    else if(strcmp(a,"June") == 0)return 6;  
    else if(strcmp(a,"July") == 0)return 7;  
    else if(strcmp(a,"August") == 0)return 8;  
    else if(strcmp(a,"September") == 0)return 9;  
    else if(strcmp(a,"October") == 0)return 10;  
    else if(strcmp(a,"November") == 0)return 11;  
    else if(strcmp(a,"December") == 0)return 12;  
    else return -1;  
}  

int main()
{
    int N;
    scanf("%d",&N);

    for(int i=1; i<=N; i++)
    {
        char mon1[10];
        char mon2[10];
        int d1,d2,y1,y2;
        int count = 0;

        memset(mon1,0,10*sizeof(char));
        memset(mon2,0,10*sizeof(char));

        scanf("%s %d,%d",mon1,&d1,&y1);
        scanf("%s %d,%d",mon2,&d2,&y2);

        int m1 = monthChange(mon1);
        int m2 = monthChange(mon2);


        if (m1 > 2)
            y1++;
        if (m2 == 1 || (m2 == 2 && d2 < 29))
            y2--;


        for(int j = y1; j <= y2; j++)
        {
            if(isLeap(j))
                count++;
        }

         printf("Case #%d: %d\n",i,count);

    }
}

2,较高效方法

可通过大数据,直接计算区间有多少个闰年。首先计算被4整除的年份个数,从中去掉被100整除的年份,再加入被400整除的年份。

#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>

int main()
{
    int N;
    scanf("%d",&N);

    for(int i=1; i<=N; i++)
    {
        char mon1[10],mon2[10];
        int day1,day2,year1,year2;

        scanf("%s %d,%d",mon1,&day1,&year1);
        scanf("%s %d,%d",mon2,&day2,&year2);

        int count = 0;

        if (strcmp(mon1,"January") == 0 || strcmp(mon1,"February") == 0 && day1 <= 29)
            year1 --;

        if (strcmp(mon2,"January") == 0 || strcmp(mon2,"February") == 0 && day2 < 29)
            year2 --;

        count = (year2 / 4) - (year1 / 4);
        count = count - ((year2 / 100) - (year1 / 100));
        count += (year2 / 400) - (year1 / 400);

        printf("Case #%d: %d\n",i,count); 

    }
    return 0;
}

你可能感兴趣的:([algorithm]2月29日)