hadoop实践(三)hadoop 集群配置

第一步: 集群规划

master   192.168.136.140
slave1  192.168.136.151
slave2  192.168.136.152


第二步:配置环境变量

  1)  vi /etc/profile  在最后面添加如下代码: 

export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_80
export JAVA_BIN=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_80/bin
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar
export JAVA_HOME JAVA_BIN PATH CLASSPATH
export HADOOP_HOME=/opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.4 
export PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/sbin:</span></span>

使之生效:[root@master dfs]# source /etc/profile


2)vi /etc/hosts文件 在最后面添加如下内容: 

[root@master dfs]# vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1   localhost
192.168.136.140 master.hadoop
192.168.136.151 slave1.hadoop
192.168.136.152 slave2.hadoop


第三步: 配置hadoop (master 192.168.136.140)

使用hadoop用户, 进入目录/opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.4/etc/hadoop

1)  [hadoop@master hadoop]$  vim  core-site.xml 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
        <property>
                <name>hadoop.tmp.dir</name>
                <value>/usr/hadoop/tmp</value>
                <description>Abase for other temporary directories.</description>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
                <value>hdfs://master.hadoop:9000</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>io.file.buffer.size</name>
                <value>4096</value>
        </property>
</configuration>


2) vim  hadoop-env.sh  和 yarn-env.sh  在开头添加如下环境变量(一定要添加切勿少了) 

    export JAVA_HOME=/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_80

3)vim  hdfs-site.xml 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
                <value>file:///usr/hadoop/dfs/name</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
                <value>file:///usr/hadoop/dfs/data</value>
        </property>
        <property>
                <name>dfs.replication</name>
                <value>2</value>
        </property>


    <property>
        <name>dfs.nameservices</name>
        <value>hadoop-cluster1</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address</name>
        <value>master.hadoop:50090</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>dfs.webhdfs.enabled</name>
        <value>true</value>
    </property>
</configuration>


4) vim mapred-site.xml 

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?>
<configuration>
        <property>
                <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
                <value>yarn</value>
                <final>true</final>
        </property>


    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.jobtracker.http.address</name>
        <value>master.hadoop:50030</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
        <value>master.hadoop:10020</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
        <value>master.hadoop:19888</value>
    </property>
        <property>
                <name>mapred.job.tracker</name>
                <value>http://master.hadoop:9001</value>
        </property>
</configuration>


5)vim  yarn-site.xml 

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<configuration>
       <!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties -->
        <property>
                <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name>
                <value>master.hadoop</value>
        </property>
   <property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
        <value>master.hadoop:8032</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
        <value>master.hadoop:8030</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
        <value>master.hadoop:8031</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.admin.address</name>
        <value>master.hadoop:8033</value>
    </property>
    <property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>
        <value>master.hadoop:8088</value>
    </property>
</configuration>


第五步 单机验证

1)如果没有启动进程(start-all.sh)

执行: [hadoop@master sbin]$ hadoop dfsadmin -report

正常是报告连接不上端口:9000

16/06/12 15:28:41 DEBUG ipc.Client: Connecting to master.hadoop/192.168.136.140:9000
16/06/12 15:28:41 DEBUG ipc.Client: closing ipc connection to master.hadoop/192.168.136.140:9000: Connection refused
java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused
        at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.checkConnect(Native Method)
        at sun.nio.ch.SocketChannelImpl.finishConnect(SocketChannelImpl.java:744)
        at org.apache.hadoop.net.SocketIOWithTimeout.connect(SocketIOWithTimeout.java:206)
        at org.apache.hadoop.net.NetUtils.connect(NetUtils.java:530)

2) 进程已经启动(start-all.sh)

执行: [hadoop@master sbin]$ hadoop dfsadmin -report


补充说明: 本人系统,上面1)情况下在执行时,开始并没有认识到进程没有启动,排查中发现另外一个问题:

补充-1)增加debug调试
[hadoop@master hadoop-2.6.4]$ export HADOOP_ROOT_LOGGER=DEBUG,console
[hadoop@master hadoop-2.6.4]$ 
[hadoop@master hadoop-2.6.4]$ hadoop dfsadmin -report
。。。。
16/06/12 12:59:11 DEBUG util.NativeCodeLoader: Failed to load native-hadoop with error: java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.4/lib/native/libhadoop.so.1.0.0: /lib64/libc.so.6: version `GLIBC_2.14' not found (required by /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.4/lib/native/libhadoop.so.1.0.0)
。。。。。

注意到这里有  `GLIBC_2.14' not found 


补充-2) 查看系统版本:
[hadoop@master hadoop-2.6.4]$  ll /lib64/libc.so.6
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 12 Apr 28 14:43 /lib64/libc.so.6 -> libc-2.12.so

因此,去查找解决办法:

坑啊!!!
补充-3)解决

到网站http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/glibc/
下载glibc-2.14.tar.bz2
下载glibc-linuxthreads-2.5.tar.bz2

[root@master soft]#  tar -jxvf /home/hadoop/soft/glibc-2.14.tar.bz2
[root@master soft]# cd glibc-2.14/
[root@masterglibc-2.14]# tar -jxvf /home/hadoop/soft/glibc-linuxthreads-2.5.tar.bz2
[root@master glibc-2.14]# cd .. #必须返回上级目录
[root@master glibc-2.14]# export CFLAGS="-g -O2"           #加上优化开关,否则会出现错误
[root@master soft]# ./glibc-2.14/configure --prefix=/usr --disable-profile --enable-add-ons --with-headers=/usr/include --with-binutils=/usr/bin
[root@master soft]# make        #编译,执行很久,可能出错,出错再重新执行
[root@master soft]# make install   #安装,必须root用户执行
#验证版本是否升级
[root@master soft]# ll /lib64/libc.so.6
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 12 Jun 25 02:07 /lib64/libc.so.6 -> libc-2.14.so #显示2.14

注意两台slaves也需要如法炮制

第六步:集群配置

1) master上

进入/opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.4/etc/hadoop目录, hadoop用户

[hadoop@master hadoop]$ vim slaves
slave1.hadoop
slave2.hadoop

2)登录:master将hadoop整个的copy到另外两台机器上面

 scp -r /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.4  192.168.136.151:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.4
 scp -r /opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.4  192.168.136.152:/opt/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.4   
 
3)配置两位两台机器上面的下面两个文件配置。
   /etc/hosts  
   /ets/profile
   配置内容和master一致
   
4)将三台机器的防火墙关闭掉:
   root用户下:service iptables stop
   
到此:整个三台Hadoop的集群的机器算是配置完成了;


第七步:集群验证

master上验证:

[hadoop@master hadoop]$ jps
119213 ResourceManager
119544 Jps
118968 NameNode

说明:本机一开始NameNode 没有,显然是有问题,后面解决(解决方法看后面补充)

slave1 上验证:

[hadoop@slave1 hadoop-2.6.4]$ jps
59295 Jps
59045 DataNode
59150 NodeManager

slave2 上验证:

[hadoop@slave2 hadoop]$ jps
59201 NodeManager
59096 DataNode
59345 Jps

登录web验证:

http://192.168.136.140:8088/cluster/nodes

http://192.168.136.140:50070/dfshealth.html#tab-overview

这两个网址能顺利打开,就表示ok

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

补充一:NameNode 没有正常启动的解决

首先查log:

2016-06-12 13:25:46,764 FATAL org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNode: Failed to start namenode.
org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.common.InconsistentFSStateException: Directory /usr/hadoop/dfs/name is in an inconsistent state: storage directory does not exist or is not accessible.
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSImage.recoverStorageDirs(FSImage.java:314)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSImage.recoverTransitionRead(FSImage.java:202)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.loadFSImage(FSNamesystem.java:1022)


/usr/hadoop/dfs/name  看来是没有,手工验证一下,确实不会自己创建,有点弱智。重新创建这该用户。

再次启动,还是报错,但是错误变化了:

2016-06-12 15:20:04,608 INFO org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.common.Storage: Lock on /usr/hadoop/dfs/name/in_use.lock acquired by nodename [email protected]
2016-06-12 15:20:04,611 WARN org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem: Encountered exception loading fsimage
java.io.IOException: NameNode is not formatted.
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSImage.recoverTransitionRead(FSImage.java:212)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.loadFSImage(FSNamesystem.java:1022)
        at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.loadFromDisk(FSNamesystem.java:741)


 NameNode is not formatted. 于是格式化一下,具体命令:

 [hadoop@master hadoop-2.6.4]$ bin/hadoop namenode -format 
DEPRECATED: Use of this script to execute hdfs command is deprecated.
Instead use the hdfs command for it.

16/06/12 15:25:49 INFO namenode.NameNode: STARTUP_MSG: 
/************************************************************
STARTUP_MSG: Starting NameNode
STARTUP_MSG:   host = master.hadoop/192.168.136.140
STARTUP_MSG:   args = [-format]
STARTUP_MSG:   version = 2.6.4

。。。。。

最后再次重新启动 start-all.sh  注意格式化前最好先stop-all.sh

+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

 补充二: master 执行jps 只看到2个进程

[hadoop@master hadoop]$ jps
119213 ResourceManager
119544 Jps
118968 NameNode

缺少了secondarynamenode进程,排除了好久,才发现start-all.sh里面就没有secondarynamenode启动项目,补充后执行正常启动,再次执行jps

[hadoop@master ~]$ jps
3303 ResourceManager
3871 Jps
3677 SecondaryNameNode
3058 NameNode

 hadoop-daemons.sh --config $HADOOP_CONF_DIR --hosts secondarynamenode start secondarynamenode















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