Android-BLE低功耗蓝牙开发

Android蓝牙开发

1.初始化

mBLEService = new BluetoothLeService(this); //区别于android的四大组件服务,相当于工具类
BLECommunicateUtils.setBLEService(mBLEService);
mBLEService.setOnServiceDiscoverListener(mOnServiceDiscover);
mBLEService.setOnDataAvailableListener(mOnDataAvailable);
mBLEService.setOnDisconnectListener(mOnDisconnectListener);
mBLEService.setOnConnectListener(mOnConnectListener);

2.扫描获取设备

/** * @param enable (扫描使能，true:扫描开始,false:扫描停止) * @return void * @throws * @Title: scanLeDevice * @Description: TODO(扫描蓝牙设备) */
private void scanLeDevice(final boolean enable) {
    if (enable) {
        // Stops scanning after a pre-defined scan period.
        mHandler.postDelayed(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                mScanning = false;
                mBluetoothAdapter.stopLeScan(mLeScanCallback);
                if (mBLEService != null) {
                    mBLEService.close();
                }
                Log.e(TAG, "扫描时间结束,停止扫描");
            }
        }, SCAN_PERIOD);
        /* 开始扫描蓝牙设备，带mLeScanCallback 回调函数 */
        mScanning = true;
        mBluetoothAdapter.startLeScan(mLeScanCallback);
        Log.e(TAG, "开始扫描");
    } else {
        mScanning = false;
        mBluetoothAdapter.stopLeScan(mLeScanCallback);
        Log.e(TAG, "停止扫描");
    }
}

3.扫描蓝牙的回调

/** * 蓝牙扫描回调函数 实现扫描蓝牙设备，回调蓝牙BluetoothDevice，可以获取name MAC等信息 **/
private BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback mLeScanCallback = new BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback() {

    @Override
    public void onLeScan(final BluetoothDevice device, final int rssi,
                         byte[] scanRecord) {

        if (device.getName() != null && device.getName().equals(BLUETOOTH_NAME)) {
            Log.e(TAG, "扫描得到我的设备");
            if (mScanning) {
                mBluetoothAdapter.stopLeScan(mLeScanCallback);
                mScanning = false;
            }
            mBLEService.connect(device);
        }
    }
};

4.连接蓝牙的回调BluetoothGattCallback

/** * connect a remoteDevice callback */
private BluetoothGattCallback mGattCallBack = new BluetoothGattCallback() {

    //建立连接
    @Override
    public void onConnectionStateChange(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status, int newState) {
        super.onConnectionStateChange(gatt, status, newState);
        if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_CONNECTED) {
            mBluetoothGatt.discoverServices();
            if (mOnConnectListener != null) {
                mOnConnectListener.onConnect(mBluetoothGatt);
            }

        } else if (newState == BluetoothProfile.STATE_DISCONNECTED) {
            // 2016/4/25 if disconnect ,trigger mOnDisconnectListener
            if (mOnDisconnectListener != null) {
                mOnDisconnectListener.onDisconnect(mBluetoothGatt);
            }
        }
    }

    //发现服务
    @Override
    public void onServicesDiscovered(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
        super.onServicesDiscovered(gatt, status);
        if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS && mOnServiceDiscoverListener != null) {
            mOnServiceDiscoverListener.onServiceDiscover(gatt);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
        super.onCharacteristicRead(gatt, characteristic, status);
        if (status==BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS && mOnDataAvailableListener != null) {
            mOnDataAvailableListener.onCharacteristicRead(gatt, characteristic);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onCharacteristicWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
        super.onCharacteristicWrite(gatt, characteristic, status);
        if (mOnDataAvailableListener != null) {
            mOnDataAvailableListener.onCharacteristicWrite(gatt,
                    characteristic);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void onCharacteristicChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
        super.onCharacteristicChanged(gatt, characteristic);
        if (mOnDataAvailableListener != null) {
            mOnDataAvailableListener.onCharacteristicWrite(gatt,
                    characteristic);
            mOnDataAvailableListener.onCharacteristicRead(gatt,characteristic);
        }
    }

    /* * 读描述值 * */
    @Override
    public void onDescriptorRead(BluetoothGatt gatt,
                                 BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, int status) {
        super.onDescriptorRead(gatt, descriptor, status);
    }

    /* * 写描述值 * */
    @Override
    public void onDescriptorWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt,
                                  BluetoothGattDescriptor descriptor, int status) {
        super.onDescriptorWrite(gatt, descriptor, status);
    }

    @Override
    public void onReliableWriteCompleted(BluetoothGatt gatt, int status) {
        super.onReliableWriteCompleted(gatt, status);
    }

    @Override
    public void onReadRemoteRssi(BluetoothGatt gatt, int rssi, int status) {
        super.onReadRemoteRssi(gatt, rssi, status);
    }

    @Override
    public void onMtuChanged(BluetoothGatt gatt, int mtu, int status) {
        super.onMtuChanged(gatt, mtu, status);
    }
};

5.在onServicesDiscovered的回调中发送指令

/** * get the supported characteristics , maybe need to change * * @param gattServices gattServices */
private void displayGattServices(List<BluetoothGattService> gattServices) {
    if (gattServices == null) {
        return;
    }
    for (BluetoothGattService gattService : gattServices) {
        List<BluetoothGattCharacteristic> gattCharacteristics = gattService.getCharacteristics();
        for (final BluetoothGattCharacteristic gattCharacteristic : gattCharacteristics) {
            if (gattCharacteristic.getUuid().toString().equals(HEART_RATE_MEASUREMENT)) {

                // 接受Characteristic被写的通知,收到蓝牙模块的数据后会触发mOnDataAvailable.onCharacteristicWrite()
                mBLEService.setCharacteristicNotification(
                        gattCharacteristic, true);
            }
            gattCharacteristic_charA = gattCharacteristic;
        }
    }

    BLECommunicateUtils.sendData(gattCharacteristic_charA, StringUtils.
            hexStringToBytes("***************指令代码*****************"));
}

5.接收蓝牙设备返回的数据

需要设置

// 接受Characteristic被写的通知,收到蓝牙模块的数据后会触发mOnDataAvailable.onCharacteristicWrite()
mBLEService.setCharacteristicNotification(
        gattCharacteristic, true);

在连接蓝牙 的onCharacteristicChanged回调中处理接收的数据

@Override
public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt, BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
    Log.e(TAG, "收到了数据" + characteristic.toString());
    //断开连接
    if (mBLEService != null) {
        mBLEService.close();
    }
    Log.e(TAG, "断开连接");
}

6.注意事项:

• 关闭蓝牙

  /** * close the BluetoothGatt */
    public void close() {
        if (mBluetoothGatt == null) {
            return;
        }
        mBluetoothGatt.close();
// mBluetoothGatt = null; 要设置不要置为null因为安卓mBluetoothGatt有一个限制,连接几次后发现连不上的情况.
    }

7.Demo参考:
http://download.csdn.net/detail/github_34224676/9793523
Github传送门:
https://github.com/IOXusu/Android-BLE-Demo