activeMQ基础教程1 --安装与示例

背景：ActiveMQ 是Apache出品，最流行的，能力强劲的开源消息总线。
选择ActiveMQ作为JMS的入门学习中间件，是因为其拥有以下优点

1.多种语言和协议编写客户端。语言: Java, C, C++, C#, Ruby, Perl, Python, PHP。应用协议: OpenWire,Stomp REST,WS Notification,XMPP,AMQP
2.完全支持JMS1.1和J2EE 1.4规范 (持久化,XA消息,事务)
3.对Spring的支持,ActiveMQ可以很容易内嵌到使用Spring的系统里面去,而且也支持Spring2.0的特性
4.完全支持JMS1.1和J2EE 1.4规范 (持久化,XA消息,事务)
5.通过了常见J2EE服务器(如 Geronimo,JBoss 4, GlassFish,WebLogic)的测试,其中通过JCA 1.5 resource adaptors的配置,可以让ActiveMQ可以自动的部署到任何兼容J2EE 1.4 商业服务器上
6.支持多种传送协议:in-VM,TCP,SSL,NIO,UDP,JGroups,JXTA
7.从设计上保证了高性能的集群,客户端-服务器,点对点
8.支持Ajax
9.支持与Axis的整合
10.可以很容易得调用内嵌JMS provider,进行测试

学会了ActiveMQ之后，其它供应商的MQ也可以在短时间内快速上手。

安装：
ActiveMQ（本文简称MQ）要求JDK1.5以上，推荐1.6以上版本。还没安装JDK的朋友，请先安装，在此不赘诉了。
安装完JDK后，从 http://activemq.apache.org/download.html下载MQ的最新版本，本教程使用版本为5.5。
解压后，可以看到MQ目录下有以下文件和目录

activemq-all-5.5.0.jar:所有MQ JAR包的集合，用于用户系统调用
bin:其中包含MQ的启动脚本
conf:包含MQ的所有配置文件
data:日志文件及持久性消息数据
example:MQ的示例
lib:MQ运行所需的所有Lib
webapps:MQ的Web控制台及一些相关的DEMO

启动MQ：
双击bin目录下的activemq.bat文件即可启动MQ


第一个示例：

新建一个JAVA工程，引用activemq-all-5.5.0.jar，SLFAPI其及对应版本LOG4J的JAR包（懒的上网找的到附件里下载）

Publisher.java
Java代码 

1. import java.util.Hashtable; 
2. import java.util.Map; 
3.  
4. import javax.jms.Connection; 
5. import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory; 
6. import javax.jms.Destination; 
7. import javax.jms.JMSException; 
8. import javax.jms.MapMessage; 
9. import javax.jms.Message; 
10. import javax.jms.MessageProducer; 
11. import javax.jms.Session; 
12.  
13. import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory; 
14. import org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQMapMessage; 
15.  
16. public class Publisher { 
17.      
18.     protected int MAX_DELTA_PERCENT = 1; 
19.     protected Map<String, Double> LAST_PRICES = new Hashtable<String, Double>(); 
20.     protected static int count = 10; 
21.     protected static int total; 
22.      
23.     protected static String brokerURL = "tcp://localhost:61616"; 
24.     protected static transient ConnectionFactory factory; 
25.     protected transient Connection connection; 
26.     protected transient Session session; 
27.     protected transient MessageProducer producer; 
28.      
29.     public Publisher() throws JMSException { 
30.         factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(brokerURL); 
31.         connection = factory.createConnection(); 
32.         try { 
33.         connection.start(); 
34.         } catch (JMSException jmse) { 
35.             connection.close(); 
36.             throw jmse; 
37.         } 
38.         session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE); 
39.         producer = session.createProducer(null); 
40.     } 
41.      
42.     public void close() throws JMSException { 
43.         if (connection != null) { 
44.             connection.close(); 
45.         } 
46.     } 
47.      
48.     public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException { 
49.         Publisher publisher = new Publisher(); 
50.         while (total < 1000) { 
51.             for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { 
52.                 publisher.sendMessage(args); 
53.             } 
54.             total += count; 
55.             System.out.println("Published '" + count + "' of '" + total + "' price messages"); 
56.             try { 
57.               Thread.sleep(1000); 
58.             } catch (InterruptedException x) { 
59.             } 
60.         } 
61.         publisher.close(); 
62.     } 
63.  
64.     protected void sendMessage(String[] stocks) throws JMSException { 
65.         int idx = 0; 
66.         while (true) { 
67.             idx = (int)Math.round(stocks.length * Math.random()); 
68.             if (idx < stocks.length) { 
69.                 break; 
70.             } 
71.         } 
72.         String stock = stocks[idx]; 
73.         Destination destination = session.createTopic("STOCKS." + stock); 
74.         Message message = createStockMessage(stock, session); 
75.         System.out.println("Sending: " + ((ActiveMQMapMessage)message).getContentMap() + " on destination: " + destination); 
76.         producer.send(destination, message); 
77.     } 
78.  
79.     protected Message createStockMessage(String stock, Session session) throws JMSException { 
80.         Double value = LAST_PRICES.get(stock); 
81.         if (value == null) { 
82.             value = new Double(Math.random() * 100); 
83.         } 
84.  
85.         // lets mutate the value by some percentage 
86.         double oldPrice = value.doubleValue(); 
87.         value = new Double(mutatePrice(oldPrice)); 
88.         LAST_PRICES.put(stock, value); 
89.         double price = value.doubleValue(); 
90.  
91.         double offer = price * 1.001; 
92.  
93.         boolean up = (price > oldPrice); 
94.  
95.         MapMessage message = session.createMapMessage(); 
96.         message.setString("stock", stock); 
97.         message.setDouble("price", price); 
98.         message.setDouble("offer", offer); 
99.         message.setBoolean("up", up); 
100.         return message; 
101.     } 
102.  
103.     protected double mutatePrice(double price) { 
104.         double percentChange = (2 * Math.random() * MAX_DELTA_PERCENT) - MAX_DELTA_PERCENT; 
105.  
106.         return price * (100 + percentChange) / 100; 
107.     } 
108.  
109. } 

Consumer.java
Java代码 

1. import javax.jms.Connection; 
2. import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory; 
3. import javax.jms.Destination; 
4. import javax.jms.JMSException; 
5. import javax.jms.MessageConsumer; 
6. import javax.jms.Session; 
7.  
8. import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory; 
9.  
10. public class Consumer { 
11.  
12.     private static String brokerURL = "tcp://localhost:61616"; 
13.     private static transient ConnectionFactory factory; 
14.     private transient Connection connection; 
15.     private transient Session session; 
16.      
17.     public Consumer() throws JMSException { 
18.         factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(brokerURL); 
19.         connection = factory.createConnection(); 
20.         connection.start(); 
21.         session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE); 
22.     } 
23.      
24.     public void close() throws JMSException { 
25.         if (connection != null) { 
26.             connection.close(); 
27.         } 
28.     }     
29.      
30.     public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException { 
31.         Consumer consumer = new Consumer(); 
32.         for (String stock : args) { 
33.             Destination destination = consumer.getSession().createTopic("STOCKS." + stock); 
34.             MessageConsumer messageConsumer = consumer.getSession().createConsumer(destination); 
35.             messageConsumer.setMessageListener(new Listener()); 
36.         } 
37.     } 
38.      
39.     public Session getSession() { 
40.         return session; 
41.     } 
42.  
43. } 

Listener.java
Java代码 

1. import java.text.DecimalFormat; 
2.  
3. import javax.jms.MapMessage; 
4. import javax.jms.Message; 
5. import javax.jms.MessageListener; 
6.  
7. public class Listener implements MessageListener { 
8.  
9.     public void onMessage(Message message) { 
10.         try { 
11.             MapMessage map = (MapMessage)message; 
12.             String stock = map.getString("stock"); 
13.             double price = map.getDouble("price"); 
14.             double offer = map.getDouble("offer"); 
15.             boolean up = map.getBoolean("up"); 
16.             DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat( "#,###,###,##0.00" ); 
17.             System.out.println(stock + "\t" + df.format(price) + "\t" + df.format(offer) + "\t" + (up?"up":"down")); 
18.         } catch (Exception e) { 
19.             e.printStackTrace(); 
20.         } 
21.     } 
22.  
23. } 

先运行Consumer.java, 输入参数ORCL，然后运行Publisher.java，输入参数ORCL，
就可以看到Publisher在发送消息，Consumer在接收消息了。
好了，MQ的安装与第一个示例程序的介绍就到此为止了。