大数据量的excel文件读取——2003及之前版本

    小弟刚进公司，目前有一项任务要把客户数据迁移到数据库中，由于客户提供的数据都存储在excel中，有些文件数据量还很大，在usermodel模式下经常内存溢出，于是只能采用直接通过pl/sql往数据库复制或是用eventusermodel模式读取。直接复制倒是简单，但是速度太慢，一次复制的太多也会内存溢出，我没那耐心，没办法，只能用第二种办法了。在google上找，发现相关示例太少了，幸好在docjar 找到了一个示例，自己又改了一下，把原来的例子改为抽象类，提供了一个 optRows() 方法来对行级数据进行操作。

 

     usermodel模式对excel操作前需要将文件全部转入内存，对较大文件来说内存开销很大。但是其使用简单。

     eventusermodel模式采用事件模型，对文件边读取边处理，内存消耗较低，效率高，因为不用等待文件全部装入内存。但使用较复杂。

补充：今天发现 读取2007的脚本存在存在一处问题，在遇到空单元格时会跳过该单元格，由于工作紧张没有时间去解决该问题，这里给出一个暂时的处理办法。打开文件，在开始菜单中选择"查找和选择"，"定位条件"，选择"空值"，确定，这时会找出所有的空单元格，直接按空格，然后Ctrl+enter，就会将所有空单元格填入一个空格，保存即可。

 

    下面展示的是excel2003及其之前版本的大文件读取方法。

 

抽象类 HxlsAbstract：

package com.gaosheng.util.xls;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.apache.poi.hssf.eventusermodel.FormatTrackingHSSFListener;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.eventusermodel.HSSFEventFactory;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.eventusermodel.HSSFListener;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.eventusermodel.HSSFRequest;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.eventusermodel.MissingRecordAwareHSSFListener;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.eventusermodel.EventWorkbookBuilder.SheetRecordCollectingListener;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.eventusermodel.dummyrecord.LastCellOfRowDummyRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.eventusermodel.dummyrecord.MissingCellDummyRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.model.HSSFFormulaParser;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.BOFRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.BlankRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.BoolErrRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.BoundSheetRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.FormulaRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.LabelRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.LabelSSTRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.NoteRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.NumberRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.RKRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.Record;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.SSTRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.record.StringRecord;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;

public abstract class HxlsAbstract implements HSSFListener {
	private int minColumns;
	private POIFSFileSystem fs;
	private PrintStream output;

	private int lastRowNumber;
	private int lastColumnNumber;

	/** Should we output the formula, or the value it has? */
	private boolean outputFormulaValues = true;

	/** For parsing Formulas */
	private SheetRecordCollectingListener workbookBuildingListener;
	private HSSFWorkbook stubWorkbook;

	// Records we pick up as we process
	private SSTRecord sstRecord;
	private FormatTrackingHSSFListener formatListener;

	/** So we known which sheet we're on */
	private int sheetIndex = -1;
	private BoundSheetRecord[] orderedBSRs;
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	private ArrayList boundSheetRecords = new ArrayList();

	// For handling formulas with string results
	private int nextRow;
	private int nextColumn;
	private boolean outputNextStringRecord;

	private int curRow;
	private List<String> rowlist;
	@SuppressWarnings( "unused")
	private String sheetName;

	public HxlsAbstract(POIFSFileSystem fs)
			throws SQLException {
		this.fs = fs;
		this.output = System.out;
		this.minColumns = -1;
		this.curRow = 0;
		this.rowlist = new ArrayList<String>();
	}

	public HxlsAbstract(String filename) throws IOException,
			FileNotFoundException, SQLException {
		this(new POIFSFileSystem(new FileInputStream(filename)));
	}
	
	//excel记录行操作方法，以行索引和行元素列表为参数，对一行元素进行操作，元素为String类型
//	public abstract void optRows(int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws SQLException ;
	
	//excel记录行操作方法，以sheet索引，行索引和行元素列表为参数，对sheet的一行元素进行操作，元素为String类型
	public abstract void optRows(int sheetIndex,int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws SQLException;
	
	/**
	 * 遍历 excel 文件
	 */
	public void process() throws IOException {
		MissingRecordAwareHSSFListener listener = new MissingRecordAwareHSSFListener(
				this);
		formatListener = new FormatTrackingHSSFListener(listener);

		HSSFEventFactory factory = new HSSFEventFactory();
		HSSFRequest request = new HSSFRequest();

		if (outputFormulaValues) {
			request.addListenerForAllRecords(formatListener);
		} else {
			workbookBuildingListener = new SheetRecordCollectingListener(
					formatListener);
			request.addListenerForAllRecords(workbookBuildingListener);
		}

		factory.processWorkbookEvents(request, fs);
	}
	
	/**
	 * HSSFListener 监听方法，处理 Record
	 */
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	public void processRecord(Record record) {
		int thisRow = -1;
		int thisColumn = -1;
		String thisStr = null;
		String value = null;
		
		switch (record.getSid()) {
		case BoundSheetRecord.sid:
			boundSheetRecords.add(record);
			break;
		case BOFRecord.sid:
			BOFRecord br = (BOFRecord) record;
			if (br.getType() == BOFRecord.TYPE_WORKSHEET) {
				// Create sub workbook if required
				if (workbookBuildingListener != null && stubWorkbook == null) {
					stubWorkbook = workbookBuildingListener
							.getStubHSSFWorkbook();
				}

				// Works by ordering the BSRs by the location of
				// their BOFRecords, and then knowing that we
				// process BOFRecords in byte offset order
				sheetIndex++;
				if (orderedBSRs == null) {
					orderedBSRs = BoundSheetRecord
							.orderByBofPosition(boundSheetRecords);
				}
				sheetName = orderedBSRs[sheetIndex].getSheetname();
			}
			break;

		case SSTRecord.sid:
			sstRecord = (SSTRecord) record;
			break;

		case BlankRecord.sid:
			BlankRecord brec = (BlankRecord) record;

			thisRow = brec.getRow();
			thisColumn = brec.getColumn();
			thisStr = "";
			break;
		case BoolErrRecord.sid:
			BoolErrRecord berec = (BoolErrRecord) record;

			thisRow = berec.getRow();
			thisColumn = berec.getColumn();
			thisStr = "";
			break;

		case FormulaRecord.sid:
			FormulaRecord frec = (FormulaRecord) record;

			thisRow = frec.getRow();
			thisColumn = frec.getColumn();

			if (outputFormulaValues) {
				if (Double.isNaN(frec.getValue())) {
					// Formula result is a string
					// This is stored in the next record
					outputNextStringRecord = true;
					nextRow = frec.getRow();
					nextColumn = frec.getColumn();
				} else {
					thisStr = formatListener.formatNumberDateCell(frec);
				}
			} else {
				thisStr = '"' + HSSFFormulaParser.toFormulaString(stubWorkbook,
						frec.getParsedExpression()) + '"';
			}
			break;
		case StringRecord.sid:
			if (outputNextStringRecord) {
				// String for formula
				StringRecord srec = (StringRecord) record;
				thisStr = srec.getString();
				thisRow = nextRow;
				thisColumn = nextColumn;
				outputNextStringRecord = false;
			}
			break;

		case LabelRecord.sid:
			LabelRecord lrec = (LabelRecord) record;

			curRow = thisRow = lrec.getRow();
			thisColumn = lrec.getColumn();
			value = lrec.getValue().trim();
			value = value.equals("")?" ":value;
			this.rowlist.add(thisColumn, value);
			break;
		case LabelSSTRecord.sid:
			LabelSSTRecord lsrec = (LabelSSTRecord) record;

			curRow = thisRow = lsrec.getRow();
			thisColumn = lsrec.getColumn();
			if (sstRecord == null) {
				rowlist.add(thisColumn, " ");
			} else {
				value =  sstRecord
				.getString(lsrec.getSSTIndex()).toString().trim();
				value = value.equals("")?" ":value;
				rowlist.add(thisColumn,value);
			}
			break;
		case NoteRecord.sid:
			NoteRecord nrec = (NoteRecord) record;

			thisRow = nrec.getRow();
			thisColumn = nrec.getColumn();
			// TODO: Find object to match nrec.getShapeId()
			thisStr = '"' + "(TODO)" + '"';
			break;
		case NumberRecord.sid:
			NumberRecord numrec = (NumberRecord) record;

			curRow = thisRow = numrec.getRow();
			thisColumn = numrec.getColumn();
			value = formatListener.formatNumberDateCell(numrec).trim();
			value = value.equals("")?" ":value;
			// Format
			rowlist.add(thisColumn, value);
			break;
		case RKRecord.sid:
			RKRecord rkrec = (RKRecord) record;

			thisRow = rkrec.getRow();
			thisColumn = rkrec.getColumn();
			thisStr = '"' + "(TODO)" + '"';
			break;
		default:
			break;
		}

		// 遇到新行的操作
		if (thisRow != -1 && thisRow != lastRowNumber) {
			lastColumnNumber = -1;
		}

		// 空值的操作
		if (record instanceof MissingCellDummyRecord) {
			MissingCellDummyRecord mc = (MissingCellDummyRecord) record;
			curRow = thisRow = mc.getRow();
			thisColumn = mc.getColumn();
			rowlist.add(thisColumn," ");
		}

		// 如果遇到能打印的东西，在这里打印
		if (thisStr != null) {
			if (thisColumn > 0) {
				output.print(',');
			}
			output.print(thisStr);
		}

		// 更新行和列的值
		if (thisRow > -1)
			lastRowNumber = thisRow;
		if (thisColumn > -1)
			lastColumnNumber = thisColumn;

		// 行结束时的操作
		if (record instanceof LastCellOfRowDummyRecord) {
			if (minColumns > 0) {
				// 列值重新置空
				if (lastColumnNumber == -1) {
					lastColumnNumber = 0;
				}
			}
			// 行结束时， 调用 optRows() 方法
			lastColumnNumber = -1;
			try {
				optRows(sheetIndex,curRow, rowlist);
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			rowlist.clear();
		}
	}
}

 

继承类： HxlsBig，作用：将excel中数据转储到数据库临时表中，实现optRows方法

 

package com.gaosheng.util.examples.xls;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Properties;

import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;

import com.gaosheng.util.xls.HxlsAbstract;


public class HxlsBig extends HxlsAbstract{
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		// XLS2CSVmra xls2csv = new XLS2CSVmra(args[0], minColumns);
		HxlsBig xls2csv = new HxlsBig("E:/up.xls","hxls_temp");
		xls2csv.process();
		xls2csv.close();
	}
	
	public HxlsBig(POIFSFileSystem fs, PrintStream output,String tableName)
			throws SQLException {
		super(fs);
		this.conn = getNew_Conn();
		this.statement = conn.createStatement();
		this.tableName = tableName;
	}

	public HxlsBig(String filename,String tableName) throws IOException,
			FileNotFoundException, SQLException {
		this(new POIFSFileSystem(new FileInputStream(filename)), System.out,tableName);
	}

	private Connection conn = null;
	private Statement statement = null;
	private PreparedStatement newStatement = null;

	private String tableName = "temp_table";
	private boolean create = true;
//	private int sheetIndex = 0;
	
	public void optRows(int sheetIndex,int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws SQLException {
		if (curRow == 0 && sheetIndex == 0 ) {
			StringBuffer preSql = new StringBuffer("insert into " + tableName
					+ " values(");
			StringBuffer table = new StringBuffer("create table " + tableName
					+ "(");
			int c = rowlist.size();
			for (int i = 0; i < c; i++) {
				preSql.append("?,");
				table.append(rowlist.get(i));
				table.append("  varchar2(100) ,");
			}

			table.deleteCharAt(table.length() - 1);
			preSql.deleteCharAt(preSql.length() - 1);
			table.append(")");
			preSql.append(")");
			if (create) {
				statement = conn.createStatement();
				try{
					statement.execute("drop table "+tableName);
				}catch(Exception e){
					
				}finally{
					System.out.println("表 "+tableName+" 删除成功");
				}
				if (!statement.execute(table.toString())) {
					System.out.println("创建表 "+tableName+" 成功");
					// return;
				} else {
					System.out.println("创建表 "+tableName+" 失败");
					return;
				}
			}
			conn.setAutoCommit(false);
			newStatement = conn.prepareStatement(preSql.toString());

		}else if(curRow > 0) {
			// 一般行
			int col = rowlist.size();
			for (int i = 0; i < col; i++) {
				newStatement.setString(i + 1, rowlist.get(i).toString());
			}
			newStatement.addBatch();
			if (curRow % 1000 == 0) {
				newStatement.executeBatch();
				conn.commit();
			}
		}
	}
	
    private static Connection getNew_Conn() {
        Connection conn = null;
        Properties props = new Properties();
        FileInputStream fis = null;

        try {
            fis = new FileInputStream("D:/database.properties");
            props.load(fis);
            DriverManager.registerDriver(new oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver());
            StringBuffer jdbcURLString = new StringBuffer();
            jdbcURLString.append("jdbc:oracle:thin:@");
            jdbcURLString.append(props.getProperty("host"));
            jdbcURLString.append(":");
            jdbcURLString.append(props.getProperty("port"));
            jdbcURLString.append(":");
            jdbcURLString.append(props.getProperty("database"));
            conn = DriverManager.getConnection(jdbcURLString.toString(), props
                    .getProperty("user"), props.getProperty("password"));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            try {
                fis.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
        return conn;
    }
    
	public int close() {
		try {
			newStatement.executeBatch();
			conn.commit();
			System.out.println("数据写入完毕");
			this.newStatement.close();
			this.statement.close();
			this.conn.close();
			return 1;
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			return 0;
		}
	}

}

 

继承类 ： HxlsPrint，作用：将excel中数据输出到控制台，实现optRows方法

 

package com.gaosheng.util.examples.xls;
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.List;

import com.gaosheng.util.xls.HxlsAbstract;


public class HxlsPrint extends HxlsAbstract{

	public HxlsPrint(String filename) throws IOException,
			FileNotFoundException, SQLException {
		super(filename);
	}

	@Override
	public void optRows(int sheetIndex,int curRow, List<String> rowlist) throws SQLException {
		for (int i = 0 ;i< rowlist.size();i++){
			System.out.print("'"+rowlist.get(i)+"',");
		}
		System.out.println();
	}
	
	public static void main(String[] args){
		HxlsPrint xls2csv;
		try {
			xls2csv = new HxlsPrint("E:/new.xls");
			xls2csv.process();
		} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (IOException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		
	}
}

 

excel2007的大数据量读取见下篇，附件中包含了2003等较早版本的xls文件的示例，也包含了2007版的示例