1.N-1映射示例:
假设有两张表,建立主外键关联
员工<--->部门
员工 Domain:
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Department dept;
员工Hibernate配置:
<class name="Student" table="student_db"> <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer"> <column name="id" /> <generator class="native"> <param name="native">id_inc</param> </generator> </id> <property name="name" type="java.lang.String"> <column name="name" length="60"></column> </property> <!-- conlumn对应外键,name为对象名称 --> <many-to-one name="dept"> <column name="name_"></column> </many-to-one> </class>
部门Domain:
private Integer id; private String name;
部门hbm
<class name="Department" table="department_db"> <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer"> <column name="id"/> <generator class="native"> <param name="native">id_inc</param> </generator> </id> <property name="name" type="java.lang.String"> <column name="name" length="60" ></column> </property> </class>
Department dept1 = new Department(); Department dept2 = new Department(); dept1.setName("财务"); dept2.setName("后勤"); Student st1 = new Student(); Student st2 = new Student(); st1.setName("风姿"); st2.setName("导师"); st1.setDept(dept1); st2.setDept(dept1); session.save(dept1); session.save(dept2); session.save(st1); session.save(st2); trans.commit();
2.one-to-many映射
当需要查询出一个部门中有多少个学生的情况下需要配置:
Department: private Set<Student> stu; public Set<Student> getStu() { return stu; } public void setStu(Set<Student> stu) { this.stu = stu; }
相应的hbm.xml文件为:
<!-- 配置onetomany,cascade为级联,要保存一个部门的时候同时加载两个学生 --> <set name="stu" > <key column="dept_id"/> <one-to-many class="Student"/> </set>
测试:
1. //查询一个部门中有多少名学生 Department dept1 = (Department) session.get(Department.class, 3); Set<Student> set = dept1.getStu(); for(Student s:set){ System.out.println("student:"+s.getName()); } 2. Department department=new Department(); department.setName("业务部门"); Student stu1=new Student(); stu1.setName("顺平"); Student stu2=new Student(); stu2.setName("小明"); Set sets=new HashSet<Student>(); sets.add(stu1); sets.add(stu2); department.setStu(sets); session.save(stu1); session.save(stu2); session.save(department);
其中在测试的过程中一直出现一个错误:
org.hibernate.InvalidMappingException: Could not parse mapping document from resource
后来发现hibernate.config.xml中配置了:
<mapping resource="many2one/Student.hbm.xml" /> <mapping resource="many2one/Department.hbm.xml" /> <mapping resource="one2many/Student.hbm.xml" /> <mapping resource="one2many/Department.hbm.xml" />
可能是名称相同互相干扰的原因,去掉不相干的一组后可以正常测试!
3.one-to-one主键一对一关联
案例:一个人对应一个身份证
private Integer id; private String name; private Idcard idcard;
private Integer id; private Date date; private Person person;
采用手动分配主键策略
<class name="Person" table="person_db"> <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer"> <column name="id"/> <generator class="assigned"> <param name="assigned">id_inc</param> </generator> </id> <property name="name" type="java.lang.String"> <column name="name" length="60" ></column> </property> <one-to-one name="idcard"></one-to-one> </class>
设置外键,从而是Person中的id与Idcard中id保持一致
class name="Idcard" table="idcard_db"> <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer"> <generator class="foreign"> <param name="property">person</param> </generator> </id> <property name="date" type="java.util.Date"> <column name="date" not-null="true"></column> </property> <one-to-one name="person"/> </class>
测试:
Person p1=new Person(); p1.setId(1); p1.setName("jk"); Idcard idCard=new Idcard(); idCard.setDate(new Date()); idCard.setPerson(p1);//表示idCard对象是属于p1这个对象. session.save(p1);//先保存人 session.save(idCard);
4.one-to-one基于外键
这样设置的话,那么idcard_db表中就会多一个person的id列
<class name="Idcard" table="idcard_db"> <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer"> <generator class="assigned"> </generator> </id> <property name="date" type="java.util.Date"> <column name="date" not-null="true"></column> </property> <many-to-one name="person" unique="true"/> </class>
测试:
Person p1=new Person(); p1.setId(1); p1.setName("jk"); Idcard idCard=new Idcard(); idCard.setId(1234); idCard.setDate(new Date()); idCard.setPerson(p1);//表示idCard对象是属于p1这个对象. session.save(p1);//先保存人 session.save(idCard);
5.many-to-many
这个映射关系一般很难表示,可以拆分为多对一或者一对多,一对一的组合
例如学生与课程之间的关系为多对多关系
可以建立一个学生课程表作为学生表与课程表的中间表
那么这样,学生与学生课程表之间就是一对多关系,课程与学生课程表之间也是一对多关系。
学生Domain设计:
private Integer id; private String name; private Set<StuCourse> stuCourse;
学生hbm配置,因为有一个一对多关系,所以要把Set映射到hbm文件中:
<class name="Student" table="student_db"> <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer"> <column name="id" /> <generator class="native"> <param name="native">id_inc</param> </generator> </id> <property name="name" type="java.lang.String"> <column name="name" not-null="true"></column> </property> <set name="stuCourse"> <!-- 用于指定外键 --> <key column="student_id"></key> <one-to-many class="StuCourse" /> </set> </class>
private Integer id; private String name; private Set<StuCourse> stuCourse;
<class name="Course" table="course_db"> <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer"> <column name="id" /> <generator class="native"> <param name="native">id_inc</param> </generator> </id> <property name="name" type="java.lang.String"> <column name="name" not-null="true"></column> </property> <set name="stuCourse"> <!-- 用于指定外键 --> <key column="course_id"></key> <one-to-many class="StuCourse" /> </set> </class>
private Integer id; private Student stu; private Course course; private Integer grade;
<class name="StuCourse" table="stucourse_db"> <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer"> <column name="id" /> <generator class="native"> <param name="native">id_inc</param> </generator> </id> <property name="grade" type="java.lang.Integer"> <column name="grade" not-null="true"></column> </property> <many-to-one name="stu" column="student_id" /> <many-to-one name="course" column="course_id" /> </class>注意的是,学生课程表中many-to-one中的column作为学生和课程表中外键来使用。