Spring--quartz中cronExpression配置说明

转载 http://dogstar.iteye.com/blog/116130

 

The '*' character is used to specify all values. For example, "*" in the minute field means "every minute".
“*”字符被用来指定所有的值。如:”*“在分钟的字段域里表示“每分钟”。
The '?' character is allowed for the day-of-month and day-of-week fields. It is used to specify 'no specific value'. This is useful when you need to specify something in one of the two fileds, but not the other. See the examples below for clarification.
“?”字符只在日期域和星期域中使用。它被用来指定“非明确的值”。当你需要通过在这两个域中的一个来指定一些东西的时候,它是有用的。看下面的例子你就会明白。
月份中的日期和星期中的日期这两个元素时互斥的一起应该通过设置一个问号(?)来表明不想设置那个字段

The '-' character is used to specify ranges For example "10-12" in the hour field means "the hours 10, 11 and 12".
“-”字符被用来指定一个范围。如:“10-12”在小时域意味着“10点、11点、12点”。

The ',' character is used to specify additional values. For example "MON,WED,FRI" in the day-of-week field means "the days Monday, Wednesday, and Friday".
“,”字符被用来指定另外的值。如:“MON,WED,FRI”在星期域里表示”星期一、星期三、星期五”.

The '/' character is used to specify increments. For example "0/15" in the seconds field means "the seconds 0, 15, 30, and 45". And "5/15" in the seconds field means "the seconds 5, 20, 35, and 50". Specifying '*' before the '/' is equivalent to specifying 0 is the value to start with. Essentially, for each field in the expression, there is a set of numbers that can be turned on or off. For seconds and minutes, the numbers range from 0 to 59. For hours 0 to 23, for days of the month 0 to 31, and for months 1 to 12. The "/" character simply helps you turn on every "nth" value in the given set. Thus "7/6" in the month field only turns on month "7", it does NOT mean every 6th month, please note that subtlety.

The 'L' character is allowed for the day-of-month and day-of-week fields. This character is short-hand for "last", but it has different meaning in each of the two fields. For example, the value "L" in the day-of-month field means "the last day of the month" - day 31 for January, day 28 for February on non-leap years. If used in the day-of-week field by itself, it simply means "7" or "SAT". But if used in the day-of-week field after another value, it means "the last xxx day of the month" - for example "6L" means "the last friday of the month". When using the 'L' option, it is important not to specify lists, or ranges of values, as you'll get confusing results.

L是‘last’的省略写法可以表示day-of-month和day-of-week域,但在两个字段中的意思不同,例如day-of-month域中表示一个月的最后一天,
如果在day-of-week域表示‘7’或者‘SAT’,如果在day-of-week域中前面加上数字,它表示一个月的最后几天,例如‘6L’就表示一个月的最后一个
星期五,

The 'W' character is allowed for the day-of-month field. This character is used to specify the weekday (Monday-Friday) nearest the given day. As an example, if you were to specify "15W" as the value for the day-of-month field, the meaning is: "the nearest weekday to the 15th of the month". So if the 15th is a Saturday, the trigger will fire on Friday the 14th. If the 15th is a Sunday, the trigger will fire on Monday the 16th. If the 15th is a Tuesday, then it will fire on Tuesday the 15th. However if you specify "1W" as the value for day-of-month, and the 1st is a Saturday, the trigger will fire on Monday the 3rd, as it will not 'jump' over the boundary of a month's days. The 'W' character can only be specified when the day-of-month is a single day, not a range or list of days
.
The 'L' and 'W' characters can also be combined for the day-of-month expression to yield 'LW', which translates to "last weekday of the month".

The '#' character is allowed for the day-of-week field. This character is used to specify "the nth" XXX day of the month. For example, the value of "6#3" in the day-of-week field means the third Friday of the month (day 6 = Friday and "#3" = the 3rd one in the month). Other examples: "2#1" = the first Monday of the month and "4#5" = the fifth Wednesday of the month. Note that if you specify "#5" and there is not 5 of the given day-of-week in the month, then no firing will occur that month.

The 'C' character is allowed for the day-of-month and day-of-week fields. This character is short-hand for "calendar". This means values are calculated against the associated calendar, if any. If no calendar is associated, then it is equivalent to having an all-inclusive calendar. A value of "5C" in the day-of-month field means "the first day included by the calendar on or after the 5th". A value of "1C" in the day-of-week field means "the first day included by the calendar on or after sunday".
关于cronExpression 的介绍:

Java代码 <object classid="clsid:d27cdb6e-ae6d-11cf-96b8-444553540000" width="14" height="15" codebase="http://download.macromedia.com/pub/shockwave/cabs/flash/swflash.cab#version=6,0,40,0"> <param name="src" value="http://dogstar.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf"> <embed type="application/x-shockwave-flash" width="14" height="15" src="http://dogstar.iteye.com/javascripts/syntaxhighlighter/clipboard_new.swf"></embed></object>
  1.    
  2. 字段 允许值 允许的特殊字符  
  3. 秒 0 - 59  , - * /  
  4. 分 0 - 59  , - * /  
  5. 小时 0 - 23  , - * /  
  6. 日期 1 - 31  , - * ? / L W C  
  7. 月份 1 - 12  或者 JAN-DEC , - * /  
  8. 星期 1 - 7  或者 SUN-SAT , - * ? / L C #  
  9. 年(可选) 留空, 1970 - 2099  , - * /  
  10. 表达式意义  
  11. "0 0 12 * * ?"  每天中午 12 点触发  
  12. "0 15 10 ? * *"  每天上午 10 : 15 触发  
  13. "0 15 10 * * ?"  每天上午 10 : 15 触发  
  14. "0 15 10 * * ? *"  每天上午 10 : 15 触发  
  15. "0 15 10 * * ? 2005"   2005 年的每天上午 10 : 15 触发  
  16. "0 * 14 * * ?"  在每天下午 2 点到下午 2 : 59 期间的每 1 分钟触发  
  17. "0 0/5 14 * * ?"  在每天下午 2 点到下午 2 : 55 期间的每 5 分钟触发  
  18. "0 0/5 14,18 * * ?"  在每天下午 2 点到 2 : 55 期间和下午 6 点到 6 : 55 期间的每 5 分钟触发  
  19. "0 0-5 14 * * ?"  在每天下午 2 点到下午 2 : 05 期间的每 1 分钟触发  
  20. "0 10,44 14 ? 3 WED"  每年三月的星期三的下午 2 : 10 2 : 44 触发  
  21. "0 15 10 ? * MON-FRI"  周一至周五的上午 10 : 15 触发  
  22. "0 15 10 15 * ?"  每月 15 日上午 10 : 15 触发  
  23. "0 15 10 L * ?"  每月最后一日的上午 10 : 15 触发  
  24. "0 15 10 ? * 6L"  每月的最后一个星期五上午 10 : 15 触发  
  25. "0 15 10 ? * 6L 2002-2005"   2002 年至 2005 年的每月的最后一个星期五上午 10 : 15 触发  
  26. "0 15 10 ? * 6#3"  每月的第三个星期五上午 10 : 15 触发  
  27. 每天早上6 点  
  28. 0   6  * * *  
  29. 每两个小时  
  30. 0  */ 2  * * *  
  31. 晚上11 点到早上 8 点之间每两个小时,早上八点  
  32. 0   23 - 7 / 2 8  * * *  
  33. 每个月的4 号和每个礼拜的礼拜一到礼拜三的早上 11 点  
  34. 0   11   4  *  1 - 3   
  35. 1 1 日早上 4 点  
  36. 0   4   1   1  *  
 
字段 允许值 允许的特殊字符
秒 0-59 , - * /
分 0-59 , - * /
小时 0-23 , - * /
日期 1-31 , - * ? / L W C
月份 1-12 或者 JAN-DEC , - * /
星期 1-7 或者 SUN-SAT , - * ? / L C #
年(可选) 留空, 1970-2099 , - * /
表达式意义
"0 0 12 * * ?" 每天中午12点触发
"0 15 10 ? * *" 每天上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 * * ?" 每天上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 * * ? *" 每天上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 * * ? 2005" 2005年的每天上午10:15触发
"0 * 14 * * ?" 在每天下午2点到下午2:59期间的每1分钟触发
"0 0/5 14 * * ?" 在每天下午2点到下午2:55期间的每5分钟触发
"0 0/5 14,18 * * ?" 在每天下午2点到2:55期间和下午6点到6:55期间的每5分钟触发
"0 0-5 14 * * ?" 在每天下午2点到下午2:05期间的每1分钟触发
"0 10,44 14 ? 3 WED" 每年三月的星期三的下午2:10和2:44触发
"0 15 10 ? * MON-FRI" 周一至周五的上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 15 * ?" 每月15日上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 L * ?" 每月最后一日的上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 ? * 6L" 每月的最后一个星期五上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 ? * 6L 2002-2005" 2002年至2005年的每月的最后一个星期五上午10:15触发
"0 15 10 ? * 6#3" 每月的第三个星期五上午10:15触发
每天早上6点
0 6 * * *
每两个小时
0 */2 * * *
晚上11点到早上8点之间每两个小时,早上八点
0 23-7/2,8 * * *
每个月的4号和每个礼拜的礼拜一到礼拜三的早上11点
0 11 4 * 1-3
1月1日早上4点
0 4 1 1 *



quartz的高级特性不仅如此
1 数据库存储
2 集群支持
3 数据库持久化任务,trigger
4 trigger 的停止,运行
5 任务的任意添加
6 比corntrigger 更详尽的任务安排
7 线程的内部数据交换

* 表示所有值; ? 表示未说明的值,即不关心它为何值; - 表示一个指定的范围; , 表示附加一个可能值; / 符号前表示开始时间,符号后表示每次递增的值; L("last") ("last") "L" 用在day-of-month字段意思是 "这个月最后一天";用在 day-of-week字段, 它简单意思是 "7" or "SAT"。 如果在day-of-week字段里和数字联合使用,它的意思就是 "这个月的最后一个星期几" – 例如: "6L" means "这个月的最后一个星期五". 当我们用“L”时,不指明一个列表值或者范围是很重要的,不然的话,我们会得到一些意想不到的结果。 W("weekday") 只能用在day-of-month字段。用来描叙最接近指定天的工作日(周一到周五)。例如:在day-of-month字段用“15W”指“最接近这个月第15天的工作日”,即如果这个月第15天是周六,那么触发器将会在这个月第14天即周五触发;如果这个月第15天是周日,那么触发器将会在这个月第16 天即周一触发;如果这个月第15天是周二,那么就在触发器这天触发。注意一点:这个用法只会在当前月计算值,不会越过当前月。“W”字符仅能在day- of-month指明一天,不能是一个范围或列表。也可以用“LW”来指定这个月的最后一个工作日。 # 只能用在day-of-week字段。用来指定这个月的第几个周几。例:在day-of-week字段用"6#3"指这个月第3个周五(6指周五,3指第3个)。如果指定的日期不存在,触发器就不会触发。 C 指和calendar联系后计算过的值。例:在day-of-month 字段用“5C”指在这个月第5天或之后包括calendar的第一天;在day-of-week字段用“1C”指在这周日或之后包括calendar的第一天。

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