一、约定大于配置
从struts2.1开始,struts2不再推荐使用Codebehind作为零配置插件,而是改为使用Convention插件来支持零配置,和Codebehind相比,Convention插件更彻底,该插件完全抛弃配置信息,不仅不需要是使用struts.xml文件进行配置,甚至不需要使用Annotation进行配置,而是由struts2根据约定自动配置。
使用Convention:7.2、 第二个Action与第一个Action处在同一个包下
7.3、 第二个Action影射的URL为:firstActionURL+“-”+resultCODE
如:struts.convention.result.flatLayout—如果是为false则可以将试图放置Action对应的目录下,无需放入WEB-INF/content
二、Convention注解
1. Convention的Annotation2.1.2、@Result相当于struts.xml文件的<result/>元素。使用@Result必须指定一个name属性,相当于<result name=””/>。
2.1.3、@Result可选的属性:
① type 相当于<result type=””/>指定返回视图资源的类型
② location 相当于<result>…..</result>中间部分,用于指定实际视图位置② 方法级的异常定义: 将多个@ExceptionMapping组成数组后作为@Action的exceptionMappings属性值,这种异常定义仅对被修饰的方法有效。
5、拦截器配置相关的Annotation
@InterceptorRef用于为指定Action引用lanjieq或者是拦截器栈。也就相当于strut.xml中位于<action../>元素内部的<interceptor-ref../>子元素的作用。使用@InterceptorRefAnnotation时,必须制定一个value属性,用于指定所引用的拦截器或拦截器栈的名字。相当于<interceptor-ref../>子元素里name属性的作用。
三、struts-plugin.xml 常量
默认常量:
Add aconstantelement to your struts config file to change the value of a configuration setting, like:
<constant name="struts.convention.result.path" value="/WEB-INF/mytemplates/"/>
struts.convention.action.alwaysMapExecute | true | Set to false, to prevent Convention from creating a default mapping to "execute" when there are other methods annotated as actions in the class |
struts.convention.action.includeJars | Comma separated list of regular expressions of jar URLs to be scanned. eg. ".myJar-0\.2.,.thirdparty-0\.1." | |
struts.convention.action.packages | An optional list of action packages that this should create configuration for (they don't need to match a locator pattern) | |
struts.convention.result.path | /WEB-INF/content/ | Directory where templates are located |
struts.convention.result.flatLayout | true | If set to false, the result can be put in its own directory: resultsRoot/namespace/actionName/result.extension |
struts.convention.action.suffix | Action | Suffix used to find actions based on class names |
struts.convention.action.disableScanning | false | Scan packages for actions |
struts.convention.action.mapAllMatches | false | Create action mappings, even if no @Action is found |
struts.convention.action.checkImplementsAction | true | Check if an action implements com.opensymphony.xwork2.Action to create an action mapping |
struts.convention.default.parent.package | convention-default | Default parent package for action mappins |
struts.convention.action.name.lowercase | true | Convert action name to lowercase |
struts.convention.action.name.separator | - | Separator used to build the action name, MyAction -> my-action. This character is also used as the separator between the action name and the result in templates, like action-result.jsp |
struts.convention.package.locators | action,actions,struts,struts2 | Packages whose name end with one of these strings will be scanned for actions |
struts.convention.package.locators.disable | false | Disable the scanning of packages based on package locators |
struts.convention.exclude.packages | org.apache.struts.*, org.apache.struts2.*, org.springframework.web.struts.*, org.springframework.web.struts2.*, org.hibernate.* |
Packages excluded from the action scanning |
struts.convention.package.locators.basePackage | If set, only packages that start with its value will be scanned for actions | |
struts.convention.relative.result.types | dispatcher,velocity,freemarker | The list of result types that can have locations that are relative and the result location (which is the resultPath plus the namespace) prepended to them |
struts.convention.redirect.to.slash | true | A boolean parameter that controls whether or not this will handle unknown actions in the same manner as Apache, Tomcat and other web servers. This handling will send back a redirect for URLs such as /foo to /foo/ if there doesn't exist an action that responds to /foo |
struts.convention.classLoader.excludeParent | true | Exclude URLs found by the parent class loader from the list of URLs scanned to find actions (needs to be set tofalsefor JBoss 5) |
struts.convention.action.eagerLoading | false | If set, found action classes will be instantiated by the ObjectFactory to accelerate future use, setting it up can clash with Spring managed beans |
1、当使用@Namespace将会覆盖类包定义的Namespace,其他定义的有效Namespace将不通过Action直接找该命名空间下的对应的视图。
2、当使用@Action(value = "/url")时,使用@Namespace定义的命名空间无效,该命名空间为content。
3、使用@Action(value = "url")时,同时使用了@Namespace,完整路径就是@Namespace+url